• 제목/요약/키워드: Phylum Mollusca

검색결과 11건 처리시간 0.023초

기계천수계의 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집구조 (Community Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrates from Gigye Stream)

  • 김중락
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제17권8호
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    • pp.879-889
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    • 2008
  • Community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates was investigated from Gigye stream, Pohang, Korea from May to November, 2007. As results, total of 108 species of macroinvertebrates under 49 families, 15 orders, 5 classes in 3 phyla were identified. The number of species was the most abundantly revealed in aquatic insects (class Insecta) with 86 species (82.6%) under 7 orders. The phylum Mollusca (10 species, 9.2%) and the phylum Annelida (6 species, 5.6%) were followed in order. In the class Crustacea, 6 species (5.6%) were distributed. In aquatic insects, the order Odonata was the most abundant taxon (20 species, 23.3%). Seventeen species (19.8%) of the order Ephemeroptera and 16 species (18.6%) of the Coleoptera were followed. The primary dominant species in the stream was Cloeon dipterum of Ephemeroptera. For community analysis, the values of diversity index (H'), evenness index (J'), dominance index (DI) and richness index (RI) were studied and the average values of them were 5.65, 0.84, 0.13, and 13.18, respectively.

연체동물 유전체 연구현황 (Current Status of Genome Research in Phylum Mollusks)

  • 방인석;한연수;이준상;이용석
    • 한국패류학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.317-326
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    • 2010
  • The availability of fast and inexpensive sequencing technology has enabled researchers around the world to conduct many genome sequencing and expressed sequence tag (EST) projects of diverse organisms. In recent years, whole genome projects have been undertaken to sequence ten species from the phylum Mollusca. These include Aplysia californica, Lottia gigantea, Crassostrea virginica, Spisula solidissima, Mytilus californianus, Biomphalaria glabrata, Crepidula fornicata, Elysia chlorotica, Lottia scutum and Radix balthica. Additionally, complete mitochondrial genomes of 91 mollusks have been reported. In Korea, EST projects have been conducted in nine mollusk species that include Nesiohelix samarangae, Pisidium (Neopisidium) coreanum, Physa acuta, Incilaria fruhstorferi, Meretrix lusoria, Ruditapes philippinarum, Nordotis gigantea, Crassostrea gigas and Laternula elliptica. Finally, the mitochondrial genome projects from the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the rock shell (Thais clavigera) have been conducted and reported. However, no systemic mollusk genome project has so far been conducted in Korea. In this report, the current status and research trends in mollusk genome study in Korea will be discussed.

정밀 해저지형 자료 기반 동해 북부 연안(강릉 경포) 서식지 해저면 환경 특성 연구 (Analysis of Seabottom and Habitat Environment Characteristics based on Detailed Bathymetry in the Northern Shore of the East Sea(Gyeongpo Beach, Gangneung))

  • 이명훈;노현수;이희갑;박찬홍;김창환
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제53권6호
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    • pp.729-742
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 강릉 경포해변에서 약 500 m 거리에 위치한 노출암인 십리바위 주변에 발달한 사질-수중암반 해역에 대한 해저지형자료를 기반으로 해저면영상 및 수중영상과 드론영상 등을 중첩하고 통합 분석하여 동해 북부 연안 서식지의 해저면 환경 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 십리바위 주변 약 600 m × 600 m 해역을 연구 범위로 선정하고 총 3회 현장자료를 획득하였다. 무인도서인 십리바위는 크게 2 개 노출암과 주변의 여러 돌출암, 노출암 및 수중암초들이 작은 군도 형태를 이루며 형성되어 있다. 십리바위 서쪽으로는 약 200 ~ 300 개의 인공구조물들에 의한 해중림초가 조성되어 있다. 십리바위 주변 약 600 m × 600 m 범위 해역의 수중암반지대는 수심 약 9 m ~ 11 m 범위 내에서 주로 발달해 있으며, 노출된 십리바위 남서쪽 주변으로는 암반지대가 수면 위에서부터 해저면으로 연장되어 발달된 특징을 보이고 있다. 동남쪽의 수심 약 10 m ~ 13 m 해역에는 가장 넓은 수중암반지대가 나타난다. 십리바위 주변해역은 총 4 가지 Type의 해저면 환경 특성이 나타나는데, 수중암반지대(Type I)가 가장 많이 분포하고 있다. 수중암반지대가 발달한 구간 주변이나 사이 및 십리바위 서쪽 방향의 경포해변으로 이어지는 해역은 연성기반의 사질 퇴적층이 나타나며, 조립한 사질 퇴적층이 형성되어 있는 구간(Type II: gS(gravelly Sand)과 세립한 사질 퇴적층구간(Type III: S(Sand)으로 나뉘어 분포하는 특징을 보이고 있다. 십리바위의 서쪽해역 일부 구간에는 인공적으로 형성된 해중림초(TypeIV)가 조성되어 있다. 수중 합성영상 촬영 범위인 십리바위 북서쪽의 약 10 m × 10 m의 수중암반지대에 형성되어 있는 서식지에는 해조류(약 6종), 해면동물(약 2종), 극피동물(약 3종), 연체동물(약 3종) 그리고 척삭동물(약 2종) 등이 우점하여 서식하고 있는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 수면 위 십리바위 조간대 범위에는 두드럭배말, 굵은줄격판담치 등의 연체동물과 거북손, 조무래기따개비 등의 절지동물들이 서식하고 있으며 그 범위와 분포 양상을 해저지형자료와 드론영상을 통합 분석한 자료에서 파악이 가능하다. 본 연구에서 파악하고 확인한 십리바위 및 주변 해역의 서식지 환경 특성은 해저지형자료를 기반으로 해저면영상, 표층퇴적물 시료, 수중영상 그리고 드론영상 등의 자료들을 통합 분석한 결과로 2차원의 분석 자료들을 3차원의 시각화된 주제도로 도출함으로써 해저지형 특성에 따른 서식 환경 특성 연구에 기여하고자 하였다.

민호두조개 (Acila divaricata vigila) 의 16S rRNA 유전자를 기초로 한 분자계통 분류학적 연구 (Molecular Phylogenetic study of Acila divaricata vigila based on the Partial Sequence of 16S rRNA Gene)

  • 김봉석;강세원;정지은;박중연;강정하;한연수;고현숙;안철민;이준상;이용석
    • 한국패류학회지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.395-400
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    • 2011
  • Phylogenetic analyses on the Phylum Mollusks has so far been conducted by many researchers in the world. However, there was no report on taxonomic analysis on Acila divaricata vigila which is belonging to Class Bivalvia, Subclass Protobranchia. In this study, we performed molecular phylogenetic analysis on Acila divaricata vigila using 16S rRNA sequence through maximum likelihood method. As a result, it is clearly divided into the legion of mollusk classification unit (when you zoom in order) and represented to support the current classification in the Phylum Mollusca belong to Class Bivalvia, Subclass Protobranchia, Subclass Pteriomorphia, Subclass Paleoheterodonta, Subclass Heterodonta and Subclass Anomalodesmacea. To our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular phylogenetic analysis on Acila divaricata vigila using 16S rRNA gene and these data suggests that 16S rRNA gene will be useful for analyzing the phylogenetic relationship of Subclass Protobranchia.

Presence of Proboscipedia and Caudal Gene Homologues in a Bivalve Mollusc

  • Carpintero, Pablo;Pazos, Antonio Juan;Abad, Marcelina;Sanchez, Jose Luis;De La Luz Perez-Paralle, Maria
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.625-628
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    • 2004
  • Homeobox genes encode a family of transcription factors that have essential roles in regulating the development of eukaryotes. Although they have been extensively studied in different phyla, relatively little is known about homeobox-containing genes and their function in molluscs. In this study, we used a polymerase chain reaction to investigate homeobox genes in the bivalve mollusc Pecten maximus. Four different homeobox sequences were identified; two were homologues of the non-Hox cluster gene caudal and the two remaining sequences had a significant homology to the ANT-C gene proboscipedia. These sequences represent the first cad and pb homologues isolated from a member of the class Bivalvia, phylum Mollusca.

Diversification and domain evolution of molluskan metallothioneins: a mini review

  • Nam, Yoon Kwon;Kim, Eun Jeong
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.8.1-8.18
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    • 2017
  • Background: Metallothionein (MT) is a multifunctional protein playing important roles in homeostatic regulation and detoxification of metals. Mollusk species have been considered as useful sentinel platforms for MT-based biomarker approaches, and they have been reported to display an extraordinary structural diversity of MT proteins. However, potential diversity of molluskan MTs has not been fully explored and recent updates have suggested the need of revision of evolutionary hypothesis for molluskan MTs. Results: Based on bioinformatic analysis and phylogenetic evidences, novel divergence mechanisms and paths were hypothesized in both gastropod and bivalve MT groups. Our analyses are suggestive of the taxon- or lineage-specific domain multiplication/duplication from the ancestral or prototypic MT. Diversification and selection of molluskan MTs might be driven by the needs for acquiring metal selectiveness, specialized novel function, and improved capacity of metal detoxification under environmentally stressed conditions. Conclusion: The structural diversity and variations of molluskan MTs are significantly larger than previously understood. Undoubtedly, molluskan MTs have undergone dynamic divergent processes in their evolutionary histories, giving rise to the great diversity of domain structures in extant MT isoforms. Novel evolutionary paths for molluskan MTs newly proposed in this review could shed additional light onto the revision of the hypothesis for evolutionary differentiation of MTs in the molluskan lineage.

기계천의 저서성대형무척추동물 군집동태와 생물학적 수질평가 (Community Dynamics of Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Biological Evaluation of Water Quality from Gigyecheon)

  • 김중락
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제27권11호
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    • pp.1007-1021
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    • 2018
  • Community dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates and biological evaluation of water quality were investigated at Gigyecheon of Pohang and Gyeongju, Korea. The survey was carried out at 8 sites from May to October, 2017. As a result, total of 104 species under 54 families, 15 orders, 8 classes in 4 phyla with 5,052 individuals were revealed. The number of species was the most abundantly identified in aquatic insects, 76 species under 34 families, 6 orders. Among them, the order Odonata was the most abundant taxon as 21 species(20.2%). The most abundant individuals were collected in the phylum Mollusca as 1,453 individuals(28.8%). Various species appeared dominantly at each site by season, and the most dominant species was Caridina denticulata denticulata belonging to the class Malacostraca with 0.08 of dominance index. According to the results of community structure analyses, the diversity and richness indices were the highest at site II, the evenness index was the highest at site I, and the dominance index was the highest at site IV. The number of species and individuals of gathering collectors were the highest among functional feeding groups. Those of sprawlers were the highest among habitat orientation groups. The ESB showed a tendency to change according to season and site, and it was the highest in May at most surveyed sites. The KSI was also somewhat fluctuated according to season and site. From these indices, average biological water quality was evaluated as class II.

「일본유용수산분류표」의 특징과 편찬 목적에 대한 분석 (An Analysis on the Characteristics and Compilation Purpose of Japanese Useful Fisheries Classification Table)

  • 서경순;이근우
    • 수산경영론집
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    • 제54권3호
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    • pp.69-92
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    • 2023
  • The 'Japanese Useful Fisheries Classification Table', published in advance before the publication of the "Useful Fisheries of Japan", is the first data to classify and introduce fisheries animals and plants in a single table. Therefore, it had received public attention immediately. However, The academy of animal studies at that time quickly pointed out that this classification table was a mixture of traditional and modern classifications, and that there were too many errors. However, Yoshio Tanaka, who was in charge of revising Yamamoto Arikatana, that wrote the classification table, was not an adherent of traditional taxonomy, nor was he ignorant of modern taxonomy. Nevertheless, the classification table, which was quite different from the well-known zoological classification at that time, was prepared. For example, the top classifications of marine organism are not at the same level, but rather a mixture of phylum and class, while the water insect contains several phylums, including Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Mollusca, and Coelenterata. As such, the method of classification of animals in the classification table was hard to understand in the zoological academy at that time. The reason for this unusual taxonomy was that the classification table showed classification of useful fisheries products, not intended to convey academic classification. In other words, it is not for the purpose of academic classification of all fishery products, but for the purpose of presenting standards that can be easily understood by those engaged in the collection, manufacture, and aquaculture of fishery products. This principle of 'Useful Fisheries of Japan' is also ascertained in the "Fishing Methods of Japan" and "Fishery Products of Japan". Regarding the collection and processing of marine products, it could have shown how to catch whales, which are mammals, and how to dismantle whales and obtain oil and meat, according to academic classifications. However, the first appearances in the book include dried squid, abalone, shark fins, and sea cucumbers. In other words, the most important fishery products at that time are presented first. The contents of the classification table, which is considered somewhat bizarre, show where the purpose to compile Useful Fisheries of Japan.

영산강·섬진강수계 호소환경조사 - 하동호 등 10개 호소 중심으로 - (Survey on Lake Environments in the Yeongsan and Seomjin River Basins - Based on 10 lakes such as Hadong and Sangsa -)

  • 김신조;송효정;박태진;황문영;조항수;송광덕;이형진;김영석
    • 한국물환경학회지
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    • 제31권6호
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    • pp.665-679
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    • 2015
  • Yearly mean temperature in the 29 lakes surveyed ranges from 12.6 (Suncheon) to 13.9℃ (Mokpo), the lowest in −2.7℃ (January) and the highest in 25.9℃ (July). Monthly mean the amount of rainfall recorded the highest of 336.7 mm in August and the lowest with 4.9 mm in January. A total of 424 species of phytoplankton were identified. They were 157 Chlorophyceae, 161 Bacillariophyceae, 39 Cyanophyceae, and 67 other algal taxa. The phytoplankton diversity were low in stream type reservoirs such as Guemho, Youngsan and Youngam. The population density of phytoplankton ranged from 19 to 53,161 cells/ml. Annual mean of total zooplankton abundance in 45 sites was 369±827 ind./L (n=180). Rotifers were the most common taxa and their relative abundance was high (65~77%). The benthic microinvertebrate fauna of 10 reservoirs of Jeonnam province were 71 species of 61 genera of 44 families of 16 orders of 7 classes of 4 phyla. Aquatic insects of Phylum Arthropoda were 50 species of 44 genera of 28 families of 6 orders. The number of individuals was 6,132. Diptera was highiest (41.3%), and Ephemeroptera (31.0%), Trichoptera (17.5%), Anellida (3.8%), Mollusca (3.3%), Crustacea (0.4%). Large hydrophytes were identified 32 taxa, 2 varieties 30 species 26 genera and 20 families. Especially, Jijung and Juam lakes require management such as physical remove of this ecosystem disturbance field plants. Fishes were identified total 44 taxa, such as 25 Cyprinidae (56.8%), 8 Cobitidae (17.0%), 3 Gobiidae (6.4%), 2 Bagridae (4.3%), 2 Osmeridae (4.3%), 2 Odontobutidae (4.3%), 2 Centrachidae (4.3%), 1 Siluridae (2.1%), and 1 Centropomidae (2.1%). A pale chub was dominant species (18.9%).

왕우렁이(Pomacea canaliculata)의 생리·생태학적 특성 및 논 잡초방제용으로 투입된 왕우렁이의 집단패사 원인 (The Physio-ecological Characteristics of Golden Apple Snails (Pomacea canaliculata) and the Cause of Their Massive Death used for Weed Control in Wet Rice Paddies)

  • 이상범;이상민;고병구;이초롱;김진호
    • 한국유기농업학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.297-316
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 왕우렁이의 생리 생태적 특성 및 논 잡초방제를 위하여 투입된 왕우렁이들의 집단패사 원인을 구명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 1983년 국내에 도입되어 양식과 논 잡초방제를 위하여 활용되고 있는 왕우렁이의 종(species)은 연체동물문(Mollusca), 복족강(Gastropoda), 중복족목(Mesogastropoda), Ampulariidae과, Pomacea속에 속하는 Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck이다. 왕우렁이의 생리 생태적 특성조사 결과 왕우렁이 성체들이 국내에서 월동되고 있으나 왕우렁이 알로는 월동되지 못하고 있다. 수컷과 암컷의 비율은 1:1.99~2.33배로 암컷의 구성비가 높았다. 생장량은 1일에 87.7 mg이었으며, 껍질은 각고가 0.31 mm, 각경이 0.33 mm씩 자랐다. 왕우렁이의 생장은 먹이의 조건 등에 따라서 차이가 있을 수 있으며, 매우 빠른 생장량을 나타내었다. 한편, 건조에 대한 저항성은 매우 강하여 3개월까지 생존율이 약 80%에 달하였다. 왕우렁이 서식에 따른 수질에 미치는 영향을 평가한 결과 다량의 서식 밀도에서는 약간의 영향을 줄 수는 있겠으나, 잡초방제를 위하여 투입되는 밀도에서는 전혀 영향이 없었다. 논 잡초방제를 위하여 벼 이앙초기에 투입되는 왕우렁이가 2~3일 이내에 일시에 집단 패사되는 직접적인 원인은 미소생물인 패충류(참씨벌레)에 의하여 발생되지 않는 것으로 판명되었다. 다만 패충류 (참씨벌레)에 의하여 패사되는 비율은 밀도에 따라 2.86%와 5.71%로 매우 미미하였고, 통계적인 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 논 잡초방제를 위하여 투입된 왕우렁이들은 벼 이앙시기가 빨라지고, 일교차가 커지면서 추운 저온의 날씨로 인하여 논의 흙속으로 들어가서 죽거나 일부는 새의 먹이가 되어 사라지기 때문에 다량이 죽은 것으로 오해되었다.