• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.73.1-73.11
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• 2021

Background: Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common pathogen of felids, and FCV vaccination is regularly practiced. The genetic variability and antigenic diversity of FCV hinder the effective control and prevention of infection by vaccination. Improved knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics of FCV should assist in the development of more effective vaccines. Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of FCV in a population of cats with FCV-suspected clinical signs in Hangzhou and to demonstrate the antigenic and genetic relationships between vaccine status and representative isolated FCV strains. Methods: Cats (n = 516) from Hangzhou were investigated between 2018 and 2020. The association between risk factors and FCV infection was assessed. Phylogenetic analyses based on a capsid coding sequence were performed to identify the genetic relationships between strains. In vitro virus neutralization tests were used to assess antibody levels against isolated FCV strains in client-owned cats. Results: The FCV-positive rate of the examined cats was 43.0%. Risk factors significantly associated with FCV infection were vaccination status and oral symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a radial phylogeny with no evidence of temporal or countrywide clusters. There was a significant difference in the distribution of serum antibody titers between vaccinated and unvaccinated cats. Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence and genetic diversity of FCV in Hangzhou. The results indicate that the efficacy of FCV vaccination is unsatisfactory. More comprehensive and refined vaccination protocols are an urgent and unmet need.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-43
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• 1996

아프리카산 2신종, Lotobia nigeriana와 L. southafricana를 그림과 함께 기재한다. 이 두 종은 형태적으로 상당히 유사하나 색깔과 웅성생식기의 구조에 입각, 구분이 가능하다. 이로서 Lotobia속은 전세계적으로 24종이 기록되며 이들의 종간 유연관계를 분지계통학적으 로 분석하였다. Lotobia속의 synapomorphy들을 다시 제시하였고 근연속들의 계통분류학적 인 현황도 아울러 언급하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2002

To evaluate the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of the phytoplasmas associated with water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica DC) disease in Korea and Japan, their 16S rDNA was analyzed. DNAs extracted from water dropworts collected in Korea (Kyongnam province) and Japan (Chiba prefecture) affected by witches' broom and yellows were subjected to PCR using phytoplasma-specific primers, which amplified a 1.4-kbp fragment that included the 16S rDNA. Phytoplasmas were characterized by RFLP analysis using AluI, HaeIII, HhaI, KpnI, MseI, and RsaI restriction enzymes and by sequence analysis of the PCR products. The mater dropwort witches'broom (WDWB) and water dropwort yellows (WDY) 16S rDNA sequences were identical and closely related to onion yellows (OY, 99.9% identity), which belong to the aster yellows (AY) 16S-subgroup. However, the KpnI RFLP analyses clearly distinguished the WDY and WDWB phytoplasmas from the OY phytoplasma. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA showed that WDWE and WDY phytoplasmas are members of a relatively homogeneous group that evolved from a common ancestor.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.335-339
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• 2002

Partial sequences of 16S rRNA gene of five chroococcalian blue-green algal strains, Aphanothece nidulans KCTC AG10041, Aphanothece naegelii KCTC AG10042, Microcystis aeruginosa KCTC AG10159, Microcystis ichthyoblabe KCTC AG10160, and Microcystis viridis KCTC AG10198, which were isolated from water from the Geumgang River, were determined and were inferred their phylogenetic and taxonomic positions among taxa of order Chroococcales. Most taxa of Chroococcales whose partial 16S rRNA gene sequences were aligned in this study, are clustered with other related taxa. Aphanothece nidulans KCTC AG10041 and Aphanothece naegelii KCTC AG10042 made a cluster with other European species of these genera, which supported 100% of the bootstrap trees with a very high sequence similarity (97.4-99.4%) in this study. Three strains, Microcystis aeruginosa KCTC AG10159, M. ichthyoblabe KCTC AG10160, and M. viridis KCTC AG10198, formed a cluster with other Microcystis spp. supported 100 % of the bootstrap trees with a similarity of 97.0-99.9% except for two strains. However, this phylogentic tree made no resolution among the species of Microcystis spp. The topology of the tree reconfirmed the taxonomic status of three species of Microcystis, identified in this study based on the morphology, as three colonial types of Microcystis aeruginosa com. nov. Otsuka et al. (1999c). The genera of chroococcalian cyanophytes are heterogeneously clustered in these sequence analyses. We suggest that more molecular studies on the genera of Chroococcales with reference strains, widely collected from restricted geographic or environmental ranges, get accurate taxonomic or phylogenetic determinations.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2020

The genus Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Basidiomycota) is often associated with fungus-feeding termites (Macrotermitinae) due to their strong symbiotic relationships. The genus is widely found exclusively in certain regions of Africa and Asia. They are recognized as edible mushroom within Southeast Asia as well. But it is often misidentified based on morphology by the local communities especially in Malaysia for Chlorophyllum molybdites which is a highly poisonous mushroom. Thus, it is necessary to study the genus for Malaysia with the synergy of using both morphological and molecular identification. In this study, we aim to describe another new species as an addition to the genus Termitomyces found within Sabah, Malaysia. We generated two new sequences (nrLSU and mtSSU) for the new species and a total of 28 nrLSU and mtSSU sequences were retrieved from GenBank for the phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferences. We identified that the new collection from Sabah province is a new species and named as Termitomyces gilvus based on the termites found in the mound. A phylogeny tree made from the concatenated genes of LSU and mtSSU suggests that T. gilvus is closely related to T. bulborhizus from China. According to our results, the combination of molecular and morphology proved to be a robust approach to re-evaluate the taxonomic status of Termitomyces species in Malaysia. Additional surveys are needed to verify the species diversity and clarify their geographic distribution.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2021

Auricularia (Auriculariaceae, Basidiomycota) is well-known jelly fungi, and most species are cultivated or utilized medicinally around the world. A total of 127 Auricularia specimens were collected during Korean mushroom forays by the Korea National Arboretum from 2008 to 2020. In this investigation, fungal barcode analysis and morphological examinations of 33 specimens were conducted and five Korean Auricularia species were identified. Of the species identified, A. americana, A. heimuer, and A. villosula were new to Korea, while A. auricula-judae which was previously identified in Korea, was not found. Herein, we discuss the Korean Auricularia species and provide a taxonomic key for their morphological identification.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2022

The genus Gueldenstaedtia Fisch. is small genus of Fabaceae that includes four species worldwide. Among these, G. monophylla Fisch and G. verna (Georgi) Boriss. are currently recognized as occurring in Mongolia. Here, we present our findings on G. verna from our recent field surveys in eastern Mongolia in 2020. Gueldenstaedtia monophylla is mostly distributed in the western region, whereas G. verna occurs in eastern Mongolia. The regional conservation status of both species was assessed as near threatened based on criterion B in the country. We provided descriptions, grid distribution maps, taxonomic notes and photographic illustrations of the two species based on our newly collected samples.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2013

The collared scops owl that occurs in Korea is a protected species but its exact specific status has been questioned. To resolve the species status, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted using two fragments of mitochondrial DNA, cytochrome b (cyt b, 891 bp) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2, 627 bp) genes. Phylogenetic trees of cyt b revealed that all Korean specimens formed a monophyletic group with Japanese scops owl Otus semitorques with very low sequence divergence (d=0.008). We obtained a similar ND2 tree as well (d=0.003); however, the genetic distance between Korean individuals and O. lempiji from GenBank (AJ004026-7, EU348987, and EU601036) was very high and sufficient enough to separate them as species (cyt b, d=0.118; ND2, d=0.113). We also found that Korean species showed high differentiation from O. bakkamoena (AJ004018-20 and EU601034; cyt b, d=0.106; ND2, d=0.113) and O. lettia (EU601109 and EU601033, cyt b, d=0.110; ND2, d=0.117) as well. Therefore, we suggest that the Korean collared scops owl should be designated as Otus semitorques.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1240-1244
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• 2006

The complete coding region sequence of the SRY gene in Chinese swamp buffalo was determined by PCR product sequencing. Comparison of swamp and river buffalo SRY gene sequences revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, C/G) at the 202 bp site of the coding region. Further, a total of 124 male domestic buffaloes were genotyped at this SNP site using the PCR-SSCP method, and it was found that all Chinese indigenous swamp buffaloes had a guanine (G) at this site, while introduced river buffaloes and crossbred buffaloes showed a cytosine (C). Our findings suggested that this Y-linked SNP displayed type-specific alleles differentiating swamp and river buffaloes, and could be used as an effective marker to detect crossbreeding of swamp buffaloes with introduced river buffaloes in native buffalo populations, and thereby assess genetic diversity status and make proper conservation decisions for indigenous swamp buffaloes. In addition, this SNP can be potentially applied in the study of Asian water buffalo phylogeny from a male perspective.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2014

We investigated the molecular phylogeny and genetic differences among local populations of Korean Hemiculter fishes based on their mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. Our results indicated that Hemiculter leucisculus populations in China were clearly divided into two groups. The first group (Group 1) included the populations of the Yangtze River and its surrounding areas (including the Qiantangjiang, Lingjiang, Jiulongjiang, and Minjiang rivers); the second group (Group 2) contained local populations from southern China (including the Nanliujiang, Zhujiang, Wanquanhe, Qianjiang, and Nandujiang rivers). The Korean Hemiculter eigenmanni differed in its cytochrome b gene sequence by 0.6-1.0% from the Chinese H. leucisculus (Group 1), which inhabited the Yangtze River and its surrounding areas, suggesting they were phylogenetically close and likely to be the same species. The Korean H. leucisculus differed from the Chinese H. leucisculus (both Groups 1 and 2) by 8.1-9.5%, indicating a very distant phylogenetic relationship; however, the Korean H. leucisculus differed from Hemiculter bleekeri by only 0.5-0.7%, showing intraspecific nucleotide differences. We conclude that the taxonomic relationship between the Korean H. leucisculus and H. bleekeri requires further investigation using type specimens.