• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2011

Osteocalcin (OC), a marker of bone turnover, displays patterns in relation to physiological and genetic factors. Here, we present an association study in a population of Chinese Holstein cattle (n = 24) with OC serum concentration as a phenotypic trait. We hypothesised that OC status is associated with phylogeny, vitamin D serum level and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was used as an unlinked marker to examine phylogeny and linkage to measured phenotypic traits of vitamin D and OC status. Following an association study with OC serum variability as the trait, genotyping of SNPs (n = 27) in OC-related genes was performed. Candidate SNPs were chosen in genes with an emphasis on the vitamin D and vitamin K pathways. Multivariant factor analysis revealed a correlation between vitamin D serum concentration and a SNP in the gene GC (rs43338565), which encodes a vitamin D-binding protein, as well as between a SNP in NFATc1 (rs42038422) and OC concentration. However, univariate analysis revealed that population structure, vitamin D serum levels and SNPs were not significant determinants of OC status in the studied group.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.118-121
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• 2015

The water deer, Hydropotes inermis (Cervidae), is native to China and Korea and has two subspecies of the Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis inermis) and Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus). To date, only the Korean water deer has been reported in South Korea. In this study, however, an intraspecific phylogeny and haplotype analysis based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I indicated that both Korean and Chinese water deer are found in South Korea. The populations of the two Korean genetic lineages did not show distinct geographic distributions. Further morphological studies on the Korean water deer will be required to confirm its taxonomic status.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.45-45
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• 2014

Individualities of precious health mushroom called Zhenghonggu@ from respective protections scattered among all main mountains of Fujian China were collected and recognized locally, then compared with Russula griseocarnosa. Their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S rDNA) of the nuclear rDNA were amplified, AMOVA analyzed, nested clade analyzed and then compared with the ITS sequences of relative Russula species from other regions of China to confirm the taxonomic status of Zhenghonggu$^@$ and its population structure. Total 23 haplotypes from different protections of Fujian can be clustered into three clades similar to the three lineages of Dahongjun$^@$ from southeastern China reported by Li et al. The geographic distribution characteristic of these three phylogeny clades may be closely coupled with the vegetation regionalization and/or the differences of coenosium construction of Fagaceae that is the host of Russula griseocarnosa. The correlation of taxonomy, phylogeny and geographical distribution of Russula are discussed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.743-747
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• 2003

Applying simple random sampling in typical colony methods in the central area of habitat, 14 structural loci and 31 alleles in blood enzyme and other protein variations of Hu sheep population are examined. After collecting the same data of 11 loci about the 22 sheep colonies in China and other countries, it clusters the 23 sheep populations by fuzzy cluster analysis. The study proves that the phylogenetic relationship between Hu sheep population and Mongolia populations is relatively closed. This result obtained is shown to conform to the historical data.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.385-394
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• 2020

To elucidate the molecular phylogeny of Neottia japonica, which is a terrestrial orchid distributed in East Asia, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear DNA and the matK of chloroplast DNA were used. A total 22 species of 69 accessions for ITS and 21 species of 114 accessions for matK phylogeny were analyzed with the maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods. In addition, we sought to establish a correlation between the distribution, morphology of the auricles and genetic association of N. japonica with phylogenetic data. The phylogenetic results suggest that N. japonica is monophyletic and a sister to N. suzukii in terms of the ITS phylogeny, while it is paraphyletic with N. suzukii in terms of the matK phylogeny. N. japonica and N. suzukii show similar morphologies of the lip and column, they both flower in April, and they are both distributed sympatrically in Taiwan. Therefore, it appears to be clear that N. japonica and N. suzukii are close taxa within Neottia, although there is incongruence between the nrDNA and cpDNA phylogenies of N. japonica. The incongruence between the two datasets may have various causes, meaning that further studies are needed to confirm the evolutionary process of N. japonica. The phylogenetic status of N. kiusiana, which was not included in previous studies, was as a sister to N. nidus-avis. Meanwhile, the ITS and matK phylogenies are unsuitable for identifying genetic associations with the characteristic of auricles. The phylogenetic topologies of Korean, Taiwanese and mainland Chinese individuals suggest that the populations of N. japonica in Korea originated from China's mainland and island areas. The characterization of regional gene differences could provide useful preliminary data for future studies.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2014

The Apiaceae genus Daucus consists of approximately 25 species (including carrots) which are characterized by the presence of bracts in pedunculate umbels, dorsally compressed mericarps, hairs on primary ridges, and uniseriately arranged spines on the secondary ridges of the fruit. Taxonomically, Daucus has been considered to be one of the most problematic genera in the Apiaceae due to the highly variable fruit morphology. Despite taxonomic controversy and economic importance of the genus, no rigorously constructed estimate of phylogenetic relationships exists. To examine generic limit and relationships among species of Daucus and its putatively related taxa, phylogenetic analyses of characters derived from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences were conducted. Two major clades emerged within Daucus, but neither of them have been previously recognized using morphological characters. The phylogeny also provides taxonomic status of recently reported new species of Daucus, D. arcanus and D. conchitae.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.147-149
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• 2024

We report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of endangered yellow-throated marten, Martes flavigula. The complete mitochondrial genome of M. flavigula is 16,555 bp in length. We identified 13 protein coding genes, 22 transfer RNA, two ribosomal RNA, and one control region. The mitogenome is A+T rich, with a composition of 31.3% A, 28.7% C, 13.0% G, and 27.0% T. According to phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial complete genomes, Martes flavigula in the subgenus Charronia was clearly distinct from the subgenus Martes. This phylogeny of the genus Martes supports the conventional systematic treatment. The genetic and taxonomic analysis in this study provides necessary information for the future studies of yellow-throated marten and the Mustelidae family.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.121-136
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• 1996

In order to understand affinities and phylogeny of three families of the Superfamily Entomobryoidea allozyme analysis was performed with three species presumably representing each family, in addition to four species belonging to the neighboring Superfamily Poduroidea together. Electrophoresis for this purpose produced data for calculating allele frequency and enabled to obtain genetic distance and to depict dendrograms as well. The species of Isotomidae, Entomobryidae and Tomoceridae were clustered together whereas those of Hypogastruridae, Onychiuridae and Neanuridae were grouped as monophylies, respectively. Even though Tomoceridae and Entomobryidae were brought together they are considered complete families by showing high genetic distance value between them, thus supporting the hypothesis on their affinity among others. Gulgastrura reticulosa has been revealed to be separated from Hypogastruridae by being clustered rather with Onychiuridae. However, its high genetic distance value suggests the status as an independent family. The present result agreed with the phylogeny of Suborder Arthropleona divided into two Superfamilies mentioned above as in conventional systematics and also when compared with analysis of data of their morphological characters as well as 18S rDNA performed and published elsewhere by the present writers.

• ALGAE
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

The genus Erythroglossum is characterized by Phycodrys-type apical organization, Polyneura-type procarp, and the presence of a midrib. We collected an unidentified Delesseriaceaen species from deep water off the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula. This alga resembles Polyneura japonica in terms of having broadly flattened thalli with a cylindrical stipe, the presence of a midrib and alternative lateral veins. To confirm the taxonomic status of this entity, we compared the morphological features and rbcL sequences among other species of Erythroglossum and P. japonica. As a result, we assigned the new species, Erythroglossum hyacinthinum, to the genus Erythroglossum because of the presence of a midrib. This species is characterized by an elliptical to obovate blade with a short cylindrical stipe, a conspicuous midrib and alternate veins, margins with numerous microscopic dentations, di-trichotomously branching, and bulish-violet iridescence. The phylogeny of rbcL sequences indicates that E. hyacinthinum is definitely a separate entity, but the genera in the tribe Phycodryeae have inconsistent phylogenetic relationships. This is the first study comparing the molecular phylogeny within the genus Erythroglossum.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.789-793
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• 2008

The gayal (Bos frontalis) in China is a very rare semi-wild and semi-domestic bovine species. There still exist remarkable divergences on the gayal's origin and taxonomic status. In the present study, the cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene entire sequences (1,140 bp) of 11 gayals in Yunnan China were analyzed. Combined with other bovine Cyt b sequences cited in GenBank, the phylogenetic trees of genus Bos were reconstructed by neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods with Bubalus bubalis as outgroup. Sequence analysis showed that, among 1,140 sites compared for 11 gayals, 95 variable sites (8.33% of all sites) and 6 different haplotypes were observed, showing abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity in gayals. Both NJ and MP trees demonstrated that gayals in this study were markedly divided into three embranchments: one embranchment clustering with Bos gaurus, another clustering with Bos taurus, and the third clustering with Bos indicus. The result of phylogenetic analysis suggested that the gayal might be the domesticated form of the gaur, and a great proportion of the gayal bloodline in China was invaded by other bovine species.