• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1413-1420
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• 2018

4차 산업혁명의 핵심 기술 분야의 가상현실(Virtual Reality)과 증강현실(Augmented Reality)의 발달로 인해 VR/AR시장이 크게 성장하였다. VR은 기본적으로 공간과 시간에 초점을 맞추고 있고, 인간의 두뇌는 시간적 사건에 매우 민감하기 때문에 두뇌의 인지능력에 영향을 주지 않기 위해선 가상현실 기술 중 하나인 입출력 인터페이스 기술을 정확하게 만드는 것이 중요하다. VR은 디스플레이와 생체신호인식을 위한 센서 등 하드웨어의 기술의존도가 상당하다. 본 논문에서는 VR의 하드웨어 의존도를 고려해 센서 디바이스를 이용하여 민감한 두뇌에 영향을 끼치지 않기 위해 사용자 움직임이 디스플레이 화면에 완전히 반영되는 시간 MTP(Motion to Photon)을 20m/s 이하로 낮추기 위한 여러 가지 보정방법과 필터링에 대한 실험을 진행하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권12호
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• pp.2153-2158
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• 2016

Multimedia such as image, audio, and video is easy to create and distribute with the advance of IT. Since novice uses them for illegal purposes, multimedia forensics are required to protect contents and block illegal usage. This paper presents a multimedia forensic algorithm for video to identify the device used for acquiring unknown video files. First, the way to calculate a sensor pattern noise using Wiener filter (W-SPN) is presented, which comes from the imperfection of photon detectors against light. Then, the way to identify the device is explained after estimating W-SPNs from the reference device and the unknown video. For the experiment, 30 devices including DSLR, compact camera, smartphone, and camcorder are tested and analyzed quantitatively. Based on the results, the presented algorithm can achieve the 96.0% identification accuracy.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2019

Motion tracking and localization devices are an important building block of motion tracking systems in a virtual reality (VR) environment. This study is about improving the accuracy of motion and location for enhancing user immersion in experience type VR environment to position tracking technique. In this study, we propose and test a design of such a device. The module data test of the attitude and heading reference system shows that the implementation with the MPU-9250 sensor is successful and adequate to be used with short operation time. We consider various sensor hardware dependencies of VR, and compare various correction methods and filtering methods to lower the motion to photon (MTP) time that user movement is fully reflected on the display using sensor devices. The Kalman filter is used to combine the accelerometer with the gyroscope in the sensing unit.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2006년도 제33회 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.102-102
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• 2006

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.563-564
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• 2006

A single photon counting type image sensor which is applicable for medical diagnosis with digitally obtained image and industrial purpose has been designed using $0.25{\mu}m$triple well CMOS process.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

샥-하트만(Shack-Hartmann) 파면 측정 센서는 여러 분야에서 다양하게 사용되고 있다. 특히 적응광학은 주요 응용분야 중 하나이다. 적응광학 시스템은 실시간으로 빠르게 동작되어야 하므로 고속 파면 측정이 필수적이다. 고속 파면 측정에서는 카메라의 노출시간이 매우 작기 때문에 파면 측정시에 광자 잡음(photon noise)와 판독 잡음(readout noise)등의 잡음의 영향을 크게 받는다. 따라서 잡음에 둔감한 고속 중심점 탐색 알고리즘이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 잡음에 둔감한 고속 중심점 탐색 알고리즘으로 다중 해상도 상관관계법이 제안되었다. 이 방법은 고속 푸리에 변환(fast Fourier transform)을 이용한 상관관계법과 비교하여 다중 해상도 이미지를 이용함으로써 계산시간을 향상시켰다. 본 논문에서는 무게중심법(center of mass method)과 상관관계법(correlation method)과 다중해상도 상관관계법(multi-resolution correlation method)의 계산시간과 측정 정확도를 비교하기 위해 전산모사 방법이 사용되었다. 제안된 방법의 정확도는 기존의 상관관계법과 유사한 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2013

식물공장을 위한 회전형 조명 시스템은 기존의 식물공장 조명시스템에 무수히 많이 설치되는 LED를 대신하여 비교적 적은 양의 LED가 설치된 조명장치를 회전시켜 작물들에게 필요한 광을 공급하는 시스템이며, 기존 식물공장 조명시스템에서 발생되는 고가의 초기 설치비용을 해결하기 위한 시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 식물이 생장하는데 필요한 광합성유효광양자속(PPF)에 대하여 조사하고, 회전형 조명시스템 시제품과 광양자센서를 이용하여 조명시스템의 LED출력과 회전속도 변화에 따른 PPF의 차이를 비교, 분석하였다. 블레이드의 회전속도가 20rpm이고 LED의 출력이 IN 73%, CENTER 37%, OUT 50%일 때 모든 영역에서 $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{^-2}{\cdot}s^{^-1}$의 일정한 PPF값이 공급된다는 결과를 확인하였으며, 기존의 식물공장의 조명 시스템에 비해 적은양의 LED를 회전시킴으로써 식물의 성장에 필요한 광을 제공하는데 어려움이 없다는 결과를 확인하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.314-318
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a measurement system for determining photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) distribution and illumination efficiency of LED lamps. Methods: The system was composed of a linear moving sensor part (LMSP), a rotating part to turn the LMSP, a body assembly to support the rotating part, and a motor controller. The average PPF of the LED lamp with natural cooling and water cooling was evaluated using the measurement system. Results: The PPF of LED lamp with water cooling was 3.1-31.7% greater than that with natural cooling. Based on the measured value, PPF on the horizontal surface was predicted. Illumination efficiency of the LED lamp was slightly increased with water cooling by 3.4%, compared with natural cooling. A simulation program using MATLAB was developed to analyze the effects of the vertical distance from lighting sources to growing bed, lamp spacing, and number of LED lamps, on the PPF distribution on the horizontal surface. The uniformity of the PPF distribution of the LED lamps was fairly improved with 15 cm spacing, as compared to the 5 cm spacing. By simulation, PPF of $217.0{\pm}27.9{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ was obtained at the vertical distance of 40 cm from six LED lamps with 12 cm spacing. This simulated PPF was compared to the measured one of $225.9{\pm}25.6{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. After continuous lighting of 346 days, the relative PPF of LED lamps with water cooling and natural cooling was decreased by 6.6% and 22.8%, respectively. Conclusions: From these results, it was concluded that the measurement system developed in this study was useful for determining PPF and illumination efficiency of artificial lighting sources including LED lamp.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.75.2-76
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• 2021

MESSIER is a science satellite project to observe the Low Surface Brightness (LSB) sky at UV and optical wavelengths. The wide-field, optical system of MESSIER is optimized minimizing optical aberrations through the use of a Linear Astigmatism Free - Three Mirror System (LAF-TMS) combined with freeform mirrors. One of the key factors in observations of the LSB is the shape and spatial variability of the Point Spread Function (PSF) produced by scatterings and diffraction effects within the optical system and beyond (baffle). To assess the various factors affecting the PSF in this design, we use PhoSim, the Photon simulator, which is a fast photon Monte Carlo code designed to include all these effects, and also atmospheric effects (for ground-based telescopes) and phenomena occurring inside of the sensor. PhoSim provides very realistic simulations results and is suitable for simulations of very weak signals. Before the application to the MESSIER optics system, PhoSim had not been validated for confocal off-axis reflective optics (LAF-TMS). As a verification study for the LAF-TMS design, we apply Phosim sequentially. First, we use a single parabolic mirror system and compare the PSF results of the central field with the results from Zemax, CODE V, and the theoretical Airy pattern. We then test a confocal off-axis Cassegrain system and check PhoSim through cross-validation with CODE V. At the same time, we describe the shapes of the freeform mirrors with XY and Zernike polynomials. Finally, we will analyze the LAF-TMS design for the MESSIER optical system.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2019

Confirming the direct link between neural circuit activity and animal behavior has been a principal aim of neuroscience. The genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI), which binds to calcium ions and emits fluorescence visualizing intracellular calcium concentration, enables detection of in vivo neuronal firing activity. Various GECIs have been developed and can be chosen for diverse purposes. These GECI-based signals can be acquired by several tools including two-photon microscopy and microendoscopy for precise or wide imaging at cellular to synaptic levels. In addition, the images from GECI signals can be analyzed with open source codes including constrained non-negative matrix factorization for endoscopy data (CNMF_E) and miniscope 1-photon-based calcium imaging signal extraction pipeline (MIN1PIPE), and considering parameters of the imaged brain regions (e.g., diameter or shape of soma or the resolution of recorded images), the real-time activity of each cell can be acquired and linked with animal behaviors. As a result, GECI signal analysis can be a powerful tool for revealing the functions of neuronal circuits related to specific behaviors.