• 제목/요약/키워드: Phosphorus acid

검색결과 590건 처리시간 0.028초

시금치에서 분이한 엽록체의 인산대사에 관한 연구 (A Study on Phosphate Metabolism of Chloroplast Isolated from Spinach)

  • 이종삼
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.71-84
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    • 1976
  • In order to observe the phosphate metabolism in chloroplast, the contents of inorganic phosphate and various compounds in chloroplast from spinach leaf tissues were investigated during the reaction in the light and dark in the reaction mixture and the turnover of phosphate in chloroplast was compared with that of whole cell system: 1. The phosphorus of DNA in chloroplast appears to be transferred from inorganic phosphate, while in whole cell system from phosphate pool. 2. $^{32}P-phosphate$ content of acid soluble fraction in chloroplast as well as in whole cell system was more increased in the light than dark during the reaction. It was noted to be caused by the stimulation of sugar phosphate synthesis in the light. 3. It was confirmed that polyphosphate exists in chloroplast as well as whole cell. Acid insoluble polyphosphate content in whole cell system was significantly decreased during the reaction and the similar tendency was also observed in chloroplst. It is, therefore, considered that acid insoluble polyphosphate also play an most important role as a phosphate pool respectively in chloroplast and in cytoplasm. 4. Protein and lipid phosphorus in chloroplast as well as whole cell system were transferred from acid insoluble polyphosphate.

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Hydroxyapatite, 법랑질 및 상아질과 Polyacrylic acid와의 반응에 관한 연구 (REACTIONS OF POLYACRYLIC ACID WITH HYDROXYAPATITE, ENAMEL AND DENTIN)

  • 김정태
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.33-43
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    • 1990
  • Reactions of polyacrylic acid with hydroxyapatite, enamel and dentin were examined using infrared spectroscopy for the detection of $COO^-$ ions bonded to substrates. And also atomic aboscorption spectrophotometry and visible spectrophotometry were used to analyze the concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in the filtered solutions. The results were as follows. 1. Chemical adhesion of poly acrylic acid to hydroxyapatite, enamel and dentin was observed by infrared spectroscopy. 2. More calcium and phosphorus were detected in the filtered solutions of sodium polyacrylate-reacted specimens than in the filtered solutions of deionized Water-reacted specimens. 3. Mechanism of adhesion of polyacrylate to substrates is postulated that the bond is ionic in nature by displacement of $Ca^{2-}$ and ${PO_4}^3$ ions from the surface of substrates.

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인산결핍배지에 있어서의 Chlorella 세포내의 인산화합물의 전환 (Turnover of Phosphate Compounds in Chlorella cells in a P-free medium)

  • 이영녹
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • 제9권1_2호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1966
  • Using the Chlorella cells which had been uniformly labeled with $^{32}P$, the distribution of phosphorus in various fractions of cell material was investigated. Uniformly $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells were further grown in a P-free medium, and some protions of the cells were taken out at intervals during the culture, and subjected to analyze the contents of $^{32}P$ in various fractins of the cell constituents. 2. Analysis of the $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells showed that the highest in P-content was the fraction of RNA followed by those of lipid, RNA-polyphosphate complex, acid-insoluble polyphosphate, acid-soluble polyphosphate, DNA and protein. 3. During the culture of $^{32}P$-labeled Chlorella cells in a P-free medium, amounts of phosphate in DNA, protein and lipid fractions increased, while the P-contents in the fraction of RNA-polyphosphate complex decreased as well as those of acid-insoluble polyphosphate and acid-soluble polyphosphate fractions. 4. It was inferred that phosphorus used in the syntheses of DNA and protein was taken from polyphosphates of the cells, and RNA-polyphosphate complex would play an important role as a phosphate pool.

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잉여슬러지의 오존분해에 따른 VFA의 생성 및 인 방출을 위한 탄소원으로의 재이용 가능성에 관한 연구 (The Study on Ozone Treatment of Wasting Activated Sludge for VFA Production and Reuse as Carbon Source for Phosphorus Release)

  • 고은택;조진우;박은영;안규홍
    • 대한환경공학회지
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    • 제27권10호
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    • pp.1052-1057
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구에서는 오존분해 된 슬러지를 인 방출을 위한 외부 탄소원으로 사용하기 적절한지 평가하기 위하여 오존 주입량 변화에 따라 오존분해된 슬러지의 성상변화와 함께 인 방출 실험 및 VFA(Volatile Fatty Acid) 생성량을 살펴보았다. 슬러지를 오존 주입량 0.5 g $O_3/g$ SS로 분해했을 경우 TCOD(Total Chemical Oxygen Demand)와 TSS(Total Suspended Solid)는 오존분해 전 7050, 4900 mg/L에서 5850, 2867 mg/L로 각각 17, 41% 감소하였다. 또한, pH는 6.6에서 3.8로 감소하였고, SCOD(Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand)는 38.7 mg/L에서 2760 mg/L로 약 70배 증가함을 보였다. 오존 분해에 의해 acetic acid와 같은 VFA도 새로이 생성됨을 확인하였다. Acetic acid의 경우 0.05 g $O_3/g$ SS로 분해된 슬러지에서 50.24 mg/L가 생성되었으며, 0.5 g $O_3/g$ SS로 분해된 슬러지의 경우는 123.56 mg/L로 증가되었다. 그러나 혐기성 소화에 의한 VFA의 증가량은 0.05 g $O_3/g$ SS로 분해된 슬러지에서 Acetic acid가 50.24 mg/L에서 219.28 mg/L로 가장 많이 증가되었다. 또한 낮은 오존 주입량(0.05, 01 g $O_3/g$ SS)으로 분해된 슬러지에서 관찰되지 않았던 Propionic acid는 46 mg/L가 새로이 증가하였다. 그 외 혐기성 소화로 인해 n-Butyric Acid, Propionic Acid, n-Butyric Acid, Isovaleric Acid, Valleric Acid의 농도도 증가하였다. 오존 주입량에 따라 SCOD, VFA의 농도는 증가하지만 인 방출 속도 및 경제성을 고려하여 적정 오존 주입 농도는 0.05-0.1 g $O_3/g$ SS로 조사되었다.

High-Performance Soft Carbons Prepared by Treatment with Various Phosphorus Acids

  • Jeong, Seong Hun;Koh, Jeong Yoon;Kim, Tae Jeong;Jung, Yongju
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제35권8호
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    • pp.2357-2360
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    • 2014
  • Phosphorus-doped soft carbons were successfully prepared by carbonizing petroleum cokes treated with phosphorus acids, such as $H_3PO_2$, $H_3PO_3$, and $H_3PO_4$. The effect of the type of phosphorus acids used on the composition, structure, and electrochemical performance of the soft carbons was extensively investigated. The soft carbons modified with $H_3PO_3$ and $H_3PO_4$ exhibited dramatically improved reversible capacities and outstanding rate capabilities.

DL-1-Aminoethylphosphonic acid의 생물학적(生物學的) 기능연구(機能硏究) (A Study of Synthesis and Biological Function on DL-1-Aminoethylphosphonic Acid)

  • 김숙희;조정남;김용준
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.173-181
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    • 1969
  • 생후 $40{\pm}5$ 일된 젖떨어진 Albino Rat female male 각각 30마리를 크게 Alanine(AL)과 Aminoethylphosphonic acid(AEP) group으로 나누고 각 group을 다시 각각 2 group으로 나누어 female male Alanine 0.1%, female male Alanine 0.2%와 female male AEP 0.1%, female male AEP 0.2% 합(合) 8 group으로 나누어 14 주동안 실험한 결과의 요약은 다음과 같다. 단백질 효율과 뇨중 질소배설량에 어떤 유의적인 차이가 없음으로 AEP도 다른 일반적인 Amino acid와 같은 정도로 체내에서 이용됨을 알 수 있다. AEP의 첨가로 인한 p의 이용율의 변화 유무를 판정하기 위하여 뇨중 p의 함량을 측정한 결과 모든 group사이에 유의성이 없었음으로 alanine 첨가 group에서나 AEP 첨가 group에서나 같은 정도로 체내에서 이용됨을 알 수있으나 AEP의 첨가로 인한 Dietary Phosphorus함량이 높음으로 인하여 체내 보유량이 많다는 것을 알 수 있으며 이는 blood phosphorus 함량측정을 해본 결과와 일치함을 알 수 있다. 간질소 함량을 측정하여 본 결과 AEP 첨가가 간질소 함량을 높일 수 있으며 0.2%쪽이 더 많은 양을 간에 보유할 수 있다는 것을 알았다. 간지방 함량도 간질소 함량과 같은 방향으로 나타났으며 조직 검사로 fat lumps를 발견할 수 없었으므로 AEP 첨가가 fatty liver의 요인이 될 수 없다는 것을 알 수 있다. Amino acid의 생물학적 가치와 Amino acid의 조성사이에는 현저한 관계가 있어 양적으로 충분한 단백질을 섭취한다 하더라도 섭취한 단백질이 함유하고 있는 Amino acid의 종류 및 각종 Amino acid의 비율에 따라서 소화에 현저한 차이가 있어 생물학적 기능이 다르다는 것이 Oser와 그외 여러 학자들에 의하여 보고되었다. 이 보고에 비추어 보아 0.2% diet에서 Amino acid의 장내 흡수시 imbalanced condition을 초래 한 것으로 본다.

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난연도료용 인과 브롬 함유 변성폴리에스터의 합성 및 분석 (Synthesis and Analysis of Modified Polyesters Containing Phosphorus and Bromine for Flame-Retardant Coatings)

  • 박홍수;유규열;김지현;양인모;김승진;김영근;정충호
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.319-331
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    • 2007
  • The aim of this study is to enhance the flame retardancy by the synergism effect of phosphorus and bromine groups. The flame-retardant polyurethane coatings containing phosphorus and bromine compounds were synthesized. After synthesizing the intermediate products of tetramethylene bis(orthophosphate) (TBOP) and trimethylolpropane/2,3-dibromopropionic acid (2,3-DBP) [2,3-DBP-adduct], the condensation polymerization was performed with four different monomers of two intermediate products, 1,4-butanediol, and adipic acid to obtain four-components copolymer. In the condensation polymerization, the content of phosphorus was fixed to be 2wt%, and the content of 2,3-DBP that provides bromine component was varied to be 10, 20, and 30wt%, and we designated the prepared modified polyesters containing phosphorus and bromine as DTBA-10C, -20C, -30C. Average molecular weight and polydispersity index of the preparation of DTBAs were decreased with increasing 2,3-DBP content because of increase of hydroxyl group that retards reaction. We found that the thermal stability of the prepared DTBAs increased with bromine content at high temperature.

Biochemical and Molecular Analysis of OsPAP1: A Phosphate Starvation Induced Purple Acid Phosphatase Gene from Rice

  • Hur, Yeon Jae;Yi, Young Byung;Kim, Tae Ho;Kim, Doh Hoon
    • 한국육종학회지
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    • 제42권5호
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    • pp.455-462
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    • 2010
  • Purple acid phosphatase is important for phosphorus remobilization in plants, but its role in plant adaptation to low phosphorus availability is not known. The cDNA encoding O. sativa purple acid phosphatase (OsPAP1) has 1008 bp with an open reading frame of 335 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of OsPAP1 cDNA shows of 50-51% identity with other plant purple acid phosphatases. OsPAP1 was expressed in rice plants and in cell cultures in the absence of phosphate ($P_i$). The expression was organ-specific with the strongest expression in $P_i$-deprived roots. Functional expression of the OsPAP1 gene in the transgenic Arabidopsis line was confirmed by northern and western blot analysis. OsPAP1 overexpression lines had higher phosphatase activity than wild-type. Overexpression of OsPAP1 in Arabidopsis plants resulted in increased Pi accumulation under Pi sufficient condition. These results show that the OsPAP1 gene represents more efficient $P_i$ uptake and can be used to develop new transgenic dicotyledonous plants.

산성광산배수 (AMD) 처리 부산물 ochre의 특성과 활용 (Characteristics of By-product Ochre from Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) Treatment and Its Potential Use)

  • 정중환;김호진;김영남;남광수;김계훈
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.304-314
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구는 산성광산배수 (AMD)의 처리 과정에서 생성되는 부산물 ochre의 이화학성, 광물학적 특성 및 환경 분야 활용 가능성을 확인하기 위해 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 적극적 처리법인 물리 화학적 정화 처리시설에서 생성된 ochre-H와 수동적 처리법인 자연 정화 처리시설에서 생성된 ochre-D, ochre-S의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. Ochre-H는 광물 내 침철석 (goethite) 함량 및 철 성분 함량이 다른 시료에 비해 상대적으로 낮게 나타났지만, 소석회 내 칼슘 이온의 인 흡착 능력과 상대적으로 높은 흡착 표면적 등이 장점으로 작용할 수 있다. 또한 환경 생태계의 중금속 오염 가능성이 희박하고 물리 화학적 정화 처리시설에서 균일한 특성의 ochre를 대량 생산할 수 있으므로 실용적이며, 경제성이 높을 것으로 판단된다. Ochre-H의 인 흡착 특성은 Freundlich 흡착등온식모델에 적합하였다. 또한 ochre의 흡착 특성이 단분자층 흡착이 아닌 여러 분자층으로 흡착되어 매우 높은 흡착량을 가지기 때문에 인 출현곡선 (BTC)은 1이 아닌 0.3~0.4 상대농도 범위에서 평형에 도달하였다. 실제로 물 중 인 제거 능력을 평가한 실험에서 인 농도 외에 다른 오염원이 존재할 것으로 예상되는 수질 시료의 경우를 제외한 나머지 시료에서는 수질 및 수생태계 생활환경기준상의 인 농도 I 등급 기준치 이하로 검출되어 정화능력이 우수함을 확인하였다. 또한 정화 처리 과정 중 ochre내의 철 성분이 수질 내로 용출되는 양은 많지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 실험을 통하여 확인한 ochre의 높은 인 제거능력을 이용하여 부영양화 현상에 대한 정화제로 환경 분야에 적용하기 위해서는 오염원이 유입되는 하천 등의 위치를 정확히 파악한 후, 현장에 필터 형태의 pilot을 제작하여 설치하는 것이 중요하며, 또한 슬러지의 일종인 ochre 내 철 등으로 인한 수질오염의 발생 여부를 확인하여 유해하지 않음이 검증되어야 한다.

Effect of Supplementing Sheep with Sunflower Acid Oil or its Calcium Soap on Nutrient Utilization

  • Alexander, G.;Rao, Z. Prabhakara;Prasad, J. Rama
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권9호
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    • pp.1288-1293
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    • 2002
  • Four adult rams ($22.25{\pm}0.90kg$) were used in a $4{\times}4$ latin square design to evaluate the rations without ($T_1$) or with supplementation of sunflower acid oil at 5 ($T_2$), 10 ($T_3$) or calcium soap at 10% of dietary DM ($T_4$) on nutrient digestibility and balances of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. The basal ration contained 60 parts Brazilian napier grass hay and 40 parts concentrate mixture. The DM, CF, NDF and ADF digestibilities and nitrogen retention (g/d) decreased (p<0.01) by inclusion of sunflower acid oil at 5% of dietary DM. In addition, depression (p<0.01) in digestibilities of CP, nitrogen free extract (NFE), cellulose, hemicellulose, retention of calcium and phosphorus (g/d) were also observed with increasing the level of sunflower acid oil to 10% of dietary DM. The EE digestibility, total digestible nutrients (TDN) content and calcium retention (g/d) were significantly higher (p<0.01) for ration supplemented with calcium soap. It is concluded that sunflower acid oil supplementation in free form as low as 5% of dietary DM is deleterious to fibre digestion in sheep while as calcium soap, it can be fed up to 10% of dietary DM as an energy source without any adverse effect.