• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.621-627
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• 2016

In this study, we present a model that can be used to calculate the phonon-surface scattering rate directly from the experimental data on phonon mean free path (MFP) spectra of nanostructures. Using this model and the recently reported length-dependent thermal conductivity measurements on $Si_{0.9}Ge_{0.1}$ nanowires (NWs), we investigate the spectral reduced MFP distribution and the spectral phonon-surface scattering rate in the $Si_{0.9}Ge_{0.1}$ NWs. From the results, it is found that the phonon transport properties with the material and the phonon frequency dependency of the spectral phonon-surface scattering rate per unit length of the NW. The model presented in this study can be used for developing heat transfer analysis models of nanomaterials, and for determining the optimum design for tailoring the heat transfer characteristics of nanomaterials for future applications of phonon nanoengineering.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.1070-1078
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• 1998

A density of phonon is increased by application of electric field. At this time the phonon which has higher energy than around is called hot phonon is disappeared after 7 picosecond by scattering with electron and loss energy. Since the lifetime of phonon is very short, the effects of hot phonon can be neglected in the low speed semiconductor device, but it must be considered in high speed devices. DC and AC electric fields are applied to bulk GaAs, and the density of phonon is obtained and analyzed for its effects on electron velocity and electron distribution using Monte Carlo simulation method. Under high electric filed the density of hot phonon increased and energy of hot phonon is decreased by scattering with electron on the other hand the energy of electron is increased. Therefore electron move from central valley of conduntion band to satellite vallies and the valocity of electron decrease since the mass of electron in satellite vally is heavier than central vally. In millimeter wave frequencies, the effects of hot phonon increased at higher frequencies.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1165-1173
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• 2003

The effects of (1) phonon dispersion on thermal conductivity model and (2) differentiation of group velocity and phase velocity are examined for germanium. The results show drastic change of thermal conductivity regardless of the same relaxation time model. Also the contribution of transverse acoustic (TA) phonon and longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon on the thermal conductivity at high temperatures is reassessed by considering more rigorous dispersion model. Holland model, which is commonly used for modeling thermal conductivity, underestimates the scattering rate for TA phonon at high frequency. This leads the conclusion that TA is dominant heat transfer mode at high temperatures. But according to the rigorous consideration of phonon dispersion, the reduction of thermal conductivity is much larger than the estimation of Holland model, thus the TA at high frequency is expected to be no more dominant heat transfer mode. Another heat transfer mechanism may exist at high temperatures. Two possible explanations we the roles of (1) Umklapp scattering of LA phonon at high frequency and (2) optical phonon.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.1627-1632
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• 2003

The effect of (1) phonon dispersion in thermal conductivity model and (2) the differentiation of group velocity and phase velocity for Ge is examined. The results show drastic change of thermal conductivity regardless of using same relaxation time model. Also the contribution of transverse acoustic (TA) phonon and longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonon is changed by considering more rigorous dispersion model. Holland model underestimates the scattering rate for high frequency TA, so misleading conclusion, i.e. TA is dominant heat transfer mode at high temperature. But the actual reduction of thermal conductivity is much larger than the estimation by Holland model and high frequency TA is no more dominant heat transfer mode. Another heat transfer mechanism may exist for high temperature. Two possible explanations are (1) high frequency LA by Umklapp scattering and (2) optical phonon.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.162-167
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• 2006

The symmetry of the conduction-band minimum of $GaAs_{1-x}N_{x}$ is probed by performing resonant Raman scattering (RRS) on thin layers of $GaAs_{1-x}N_{x}(x{\leq}0.7)$ epitaxially grown on Ge substrates. Strong resonance enhancement of the LO(longitudinal optical)-phonon Raman intensity is observed with excitation energies near the $E_0$ as well as $E_+$ transitions, However, in contrast to the distinct LO-phonon line-width resonance enhancement and activation of various X and L zone-boundary phonons brought about slightly below and near the $E_+$ transition, respectively, we have not observed any resonant LO-phonon line-width broadening or activation of sharp zone-boundary phonons near the $E_0$ transition. The observed RRS results reveal that the conduction-band minimum of GaAsN predominantly consists of the delocalized GaAs bulk-like states of ${\Gamma}$ symmetry.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.611-617
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• 2001

The non-polar optical phonon scattering in the valence band depends on the masses, ratios, and types of mixtures of constituent atoms. Therefore, the random distribution of atoms in alloy semiconductors should be considered in the analysis of scattering mechanisms. For this purpose, the force equations of n atoms in a unit cell are expressed in a n x n matrix form to obtain the angular frequencies due to the acoustic and non-polar optical phonons. And, n is then assumed to be infinity. When this work is compared with other results published elsewhere, it is concluded that the independence of atomic displacement or amplitude of oscillation as ell as the infinite number of atoms in a unit cell must be taken into account for the random distribution of atoms in alloy semiconductors.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.9 s.339
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

To make high-performance, low-power transistors beyond the technology node of 60 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors(C-MOSFETs) possible, the effect of electron mobility of the thickness of strained Si grown on a relaxed SiGe/SiO2/Si was investigated from the viewpoint of mobility enhancement via two approaches. First the parameters for the inter-valley phonon scattering model were optimized. Second, theoretical calculation of the electronic states of the two-fold and four-fold valleys in the strained Si inversion layer were performed, including such characteristics as the energy band diagrams, electron populations, electron concentrations, phonon scattering rate, and phonon-limited electron mobility. The electron mobility in an silicon germanium on insulator(SGOI) n-MOSFET was observed to be about 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than that of a conventional silicon on insulator(SOI) n-MOSFET over the whole range of Si thickness in the SOI structure. This trend was good consistent with our experimental results. In Particular, it was observed that when the strained Si thickness was decreased below 10 nm, the phonon-limited electron mobility in an SGOI n-MOSFT with a Si channel thickness of less than 6 nm differed significantly from that of the conventional SOI n-MOSFET. It can be attributed this difference that some electrons in the strained SGOI n-MOSFET inversion layer tunnelled into the SiGe layer, whereas carrier confinement occurred in the conventional SOI n-MOSFET. In addition, we confirmed that in the Si thickness range of from 10 nm to 3 nm the Phonon-limited electron mobility in an SGOI n-MOSFET was governed by the inter-valley Phonon scattering rate. This result indicates that a fully depleted C-MOSFET with a channel length of less than 15 m should be fabricated on an strained Si SGOI structure in order to obtain a higher drain current.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 1996

We present a new physically based analytical equation for electron effective mobility in MOS inversion layers. The new semi-empirical model is accounting expicitly for surface roughness scattering and screened Coulomb scattering in addition to phonon scattering. This model shows excellent agreement with experimentally measured effective mobility data from three different published sources for a wide range of effective transverse field, channel doping and temperature. By accounting for screened Coulomb scattering due to doping impurities in the channel, our model describes very well the roll-off of effective mobility in the low field (threshold) region for a wide range of channel doping level (Na=3.0*10$^{14}$ - 2.8*10$^{18}$ cm$^{-3}$ ).

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.118-118
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• 2000

We investigate Frohlich-like electron--optical-phonon interactionsin uniaxial crytals based on the macroscopic dielectric continuum model. In general, the optical-phonon branches support mixed longitudinal and transverse modes due to the anisotropy. For heterostructures with double interfaces and superlattices, it is known that confined, interface, and half-space optical phonon modes exist in zincblende cystals. In uniaxial structures, additional propagating modes may exist in wurtzite heterosystems due to anisotropic phonon dispersion. This is especially the case when the dielectric properties of the adjacent heterostructure materials do not differ substantially. The dispersion relations and the interaction Hamiltonians for each of these modes are derived.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.784-789
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• 2011

A linear spring model, where the interactions among atoms are assumed to be isotropic and elastic, is employed for the study of non-polar optical phonon scattering in the valence band of alloy semiconductors. The force equations of n atoms are used in the spring model for the consideration of the random distribution of constituent atoms in an alloy semiconductor. When the number of atoms in a unit cell is assumed to be two based on the experimental result, the optical deformation potent is valid for compound semiconductors as well as alloy semiconductors.