• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.3
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• pp.25-37
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• 1995

The phenomenological loss equivalence method incorporated into the wideband lossy transmission line model is applied to the characterization of high desity digital transmission lines. The pulse propagation characteristics are analyzed using the calculated frequency characteristics and the discrete Fourier transformation. This approach has been verified by comparing the calculated frequency characteristics with the FEM and the esperimental results. This method is very suitable for computer-aided analysis of high density/high speed interconnection circuits because of the simple calculation as well as the calculation accuracy. We have found that pulse ftransmission speed and dispersion of hgih density digital transmission lines can be optimized by managing the conductor and dielectric losses in addition to the impedance matching.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.438-448
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• 2002

Purpose: This study is aimed to search the lived experiences of the participants and to analyze the contents so that we can be assured about what the elderly wish and find the appropriate nursing intervention for them in real life. Method: This is based on a phenomenological approach. Participants of this study consist of people older than 65 years old. Data was collected from May to August in 2001. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews and observations. The time used in each interview was from 50 minutes to 2 hours. Each participant was interviewed three to five times. Giorgi's phenomenological analysis was used in data analysis. Result: The elder's wishes are 1) a respected life, 2) a happy life, 3) a peaceful life, 4) a independent life, 5) a financially independent life, 6) a satisfactory life, 7) a mind to depend on someone, 8) a serving life, 9) a historic family, 10) a happy-ending life. Conclusion: The study will contribute for the nursing intervention to enhance the quality of life and successful aging of the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.857-872
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• 2010

Recently, interest in fair tourism and demand for this service has been steadily increasing. This study examined the tourists' perceptions of their fair tourism experiences. Phenomenological method was adopted as a qualitative research approach. Participants were nine adults who were interviewed in depth on their experiences of fair tourism. Data analysis led to the emergence of seven categories (sharing and volunteerism, environment and animal protection, tourism created together, communication and relationship, from consumption to experience, ethicality and fairness, contemplating life) and 21 subcategories. This research was a significant step in providing options to explore the improvement of ethical-tourism and may have implications for the future development of tourism. This study also has various implications for tour operators, consumers, and government. In future all stakeholders should make efforts to establish the tour culture which encourages consumers to consider the ethicality and fairness of their choices as tourists.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.510-520
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was to identify nursing interventive strategies centering around the meaning structure of elderly women self-esteem. Method: This study is based on a phenomenological approach. The participants were 6 women over the age of 65 selected in Mullae Senior Club or Yeongdeungpo Senior Welfare Center. The data was collected by in-depth and open- ended interviews from May to September, 2001. The analysis of the data was used the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Giorgi(1970). Result: Two essential themes in the selfesteem of relationships the elderly women emerged: (1) Self-identification through human relations: (2) The ability for self-control. Conclusion: There is a variety of programs and social meetings to confirm self and support systems, whether on the governmental level or the personal level, to help the ability for self-control should be expected to live a more qualitative life and successful aging for elderly women. In addition, this study will offer a better understanding of elderly women within the social and cultural context of South Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.215-225
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the meaning of life experience following suicide attempt among middle-aged men. Methods: A qualitative research design was adopted using van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The participants were six middle-aged men who had attempted suicide at least one time. Data were collected in 2013 through in-depth interviews. Individual interviews were recorded; and literary, art works and phenomenological literature were searched to identify the meaning of the experience. Results: The five essential themes of the life experience of middle-aged men who attempted suicide were 'Bitter reality confronted again', 'Anger buried deep inside', 'Broken family, inescapable fetters', 'Blocked relationships, closed world' and 'A step towards a new life'. Conclusion: The meaning of lived experience found in this study provides deep insight into the experience following suicide attempt in middle-aged men and crucial information to give directions to appropriate support and nursing interventions.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.320-326
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• 1996

Based upon experimental observations the authors have shown in the previous studies that the orientations of orthotropy axes of anisotropic sheet metals are subjected to change during tensile loading at angles to the rolling direction. To predict the rotations of orthotropy axes under general plane stress conditions, a simple phenomenological model is proposed which accounts for the effect of work hardening. Predictions from the model are compared against the experiments for 0%, 3%, and 6% of 1st tensile prestrains in the rolling direction and 2nd tensile prestrains at 30$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$ and 60$^{\circ}$ to the 1st prestrains axis. The model showed good agreements with the experimental observations. A new interpretation of the experimental data is suggested regarding the rotations of orthotropy axes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.3 s.205
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• pp.45-57
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• 2005

The purposes of this phenomenological study were to investigate the sexual experiences of juvenile delinquents, and to understand how ecological systems affected their sexual activities. The participants were 13 adolescents on probation and 12 adolescents from juvenile correctional facilities or prisons. They explained their meanings of sex, their sexual behaviors, and their coping strategies for sexual problems. Participants conceptualized sex as physical intercourse, while excluding the emotional aspects of sex. They accepted adults' sexist attitudes toward male and female sexual behaviors, and followed adults' commercialization of sex. In contrast to their routinizing sexual behaviors, they had neither enough knowledge of sex nor effective strategies to solve sexual problems. The sexual activities of juvenile delinquents were influenced by their peer groups and sexual messages from media and internet, rather than by their tamely and school. The holistic view of the study highlights the importance of interactions between individuals and the ecological systems when interpreting the sexual experiences of juvenile delinquents.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.189-209
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• 2004

Several extensions to the Thelandersson phenomenological model for concrete under transient high temperatures are explored. These include novel expressions for the temperature degradation of the elastic modulus and the temperature dependency of the coefficient of the free thermal strain. Furthermore, a coefficient of thermo mechanical strain is proposed as a bi-linear function of temperature. Good qualitative agreement with various test results taken from the literature is demonstrated. Further extensions include the effects of plastic straining and temperature dependent Poisson's ratio. The models performance is illustrated on several simple benchmark problems under uniaxial and biaxial stress states.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.167-178
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to look into the meaning of kindergarten experiences of first graders with the use of phenomenological research. The participants of this study were 10 elementary school students. Through eleven interviews per person and journal writings, the voice of participants was condensed into three categories : (1) Kindergarten life was new and delightful; (2) they were limited in assertion of their rights; and (3) they experienced separation and longing. We should understand children's experience by their explanations and give consideration to children not as objects but as subjects. By doing so, we can provide more meaningful experiences to children in kindergarten.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.63-75
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• 2012

Purpose : This study was attempted to explore the paramedic student's experience on simulation education. Methods : Data were collected through in-depth interviews from 15 paramedic students. The study was analyzed by phenomenological method, specifically Colaizzi's method. From the protocol, significant statements were organized into formulated meanings. Results : The formulated meanings were identified 35 themes, 12 theme clusters, and 6 categories. The 6 categories include burden of demonstration, role experience as a paramedic, confidence in field treatment, sense of disjunction caused by difference from real situation, realization and learning by oneself, and sense of stability from hypothetical situation. Conclusion : This study suggested that, even though some negative perceptions were observed, simulation education will fit as a replacement for the field practice of paramedic's students given that more field-like practice environment and repetitive simulation education are present.