• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.275-281
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• 2020

We studied the dyeability and functionality of silks dyed singly with Caesalpinia sappan, Dactylopius coccus, combination-dyed with Caesalpinia sappan and Phellodendron Amurense Rupr., and with Dactylopius coccus and Phellodendron Amurense Rupr.. The color of silk dyed singly with Caesalpinia sappan was Red with Hue of 2.2 R, the color of silk dyed singly with Dactylopius coccus was Reddish Purple with Hue of 3.0 RP, The color of silk combination-dyed with Caesalpinia sappan and Phellodendron Amurense Rupr. was 2.7YR being in the Orange family, and the color of silk combination-dyed with Dactylopius coccus and Phellodendron Amurense Rupr. was Red with Hue of 4.3R. In the case of antimicrobial activity, except for silk dyed only with Dactylopius coccus, the other three types of dyed silk showed excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus achieving higher than 91.1% of bacteria reduction rate. Against Klebsiella pneumoniae, silk combination-dyed with Dactylopius coccus and Phellodendron Amurense Rupr., and with Caesalpinia sappan and Phellodendron Amurense Rupr. presented very excellent antimicrobial property achieving bacteria reduction rate of 99.9%.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.99-102
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• 2009

'Whang Baig(黃柏)' is one of the crude drugs used mainly as a removing dampness, purging fire, detoxicating, and cleaning away heat of deficiency type. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically in Korea. To clarify the botanical origin of Whang Baig, the anatomical characteristics of Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Phellodendron insulare Nakai and Phellodendron molle Nakai were studied. As a result, it was clarified that Whang Baig from Korea was the bark of Phellodendron amurense and Phellodendron molle.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2004

Scutellaria baicalensis and Phellodendron amurense, which have been used traditionally in treatment of many kinds of illness including infectious diseases, were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and water, respectively and serially. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were examined by disk diffusion method. Methanol extract from Scutellaria baicalensis revealed high antimicrobial activities against MRSA, Gm-bacteria and Candida albicans, dichloromethnane extract from Phellodendron amurense showed lower activity than the extract of Scutellaria baicalensis. Results suggest that methanol extract from Scutellaria baicalensis could be one of the candidates for new antimicrobial agent against the antibiotic-resistant microorganisms by further steps for the purification, determination of structure and synthesis.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2011

n-Butanol extracts from Phellodendron amurense have about 50% inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase. The anti-inflammatory compound was isolated from P. amurense by Sephadex LH-20 and MCI-gel CHP-20 column chromatography with gradient elution. As a the result, its structure was identified as Jatrorrhizine by the interpretation of spectroscopic analyses including $^1H$- and $^{13}C$-NMR. In anti-inflammatory activity, the expression of nitric oxide (NO) was inhibited as above 60% at 100 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration of extracts and then purified Jatrorrhizine from P. amurense. The inhibitory activities against the expression of inducible NO syntase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were 45% and 29%. It seems that the extracts and purified Jatrorrhizine from P. amurense were expected anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw264.7 cells.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2011

The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of extracts from Phellodendron amurense was examined. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 60% ethanol extracts was determined as 25% and the inhibitory activity of 60% ethanol extracts against melanin biosynthesis in melanoma cell (B16F10) was 31.2%. The purified inhibitory compounds against tyrosinase by Sephadex LH-20, MCI-gel CHP-20 column chromatography from P. amurense was confirmed as obacunone by $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and Fast atom bombardment (FAB)-Mass spectrum. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of purified obacunone was respectively as 35.1%. The safety of essence with tyrosinase inhibitory compounds from P. amurense was also assayed by various safety profiles. First, pH and viscosity change of essence for 60 days were not detected. The essence also showed the stability against temperature and light for 60 days. All these findings suggest that extracts from P. amurense has a great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient, which has a potent whitening effect.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.189-195
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• 2023

In this study, as one of the eco-friendly dyeing methods, indigo, Phellodendron amurense and Caeasapinia sappan were complexed dyed on cotton fabric. For complexed dyeing, the cotton that was pre-dyed 5 times with indigo was dyed 1 ~ 2 times repeatedly with Phellodendron amurense and Caeasapinia sappan. Then the color, tensile strength, density, and color fastness of complexed dyed sample were analyzed and the following analysis results could be obtained. As a result of color difference measurement, the L* value was 22.7 in the sample in which the cotton was dyed 5 times and then the Phellodendron amurense was dyed 1 time, and the K/S value was 15 or higher in all samples. As a result of measuring the strength, cotton fabrics tended to have a slight decrease in tensile strength when complexed dyeing. As a result of measuring the density, the density decreased by 15 ~ 20% in all samples at the warp and increased by 20 ~ 30% in the weft due to the complexed dyeing of cotton fabric. Moreover, the fastness to washing and drycleaning showed good results of 2 ~ 3 or higher, and the light fastness was 4 or higher.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.54-61
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• 2010

Antifungal and antioxidative activities of Phellodendron amurense extracts were investigated for use as a natural preservative. After separation of P. amurense into phloem, xylem, leaf and fruit each part was subjected to methanol extraction. Each MeOH extract was further fractionated with several solvents(n-hexane, methylene chloride and ethylacetate). Among the methanol extracts, extracts of phloem and leaf inhibited effectively the growth of mold fungi and rot fungi, respectively. Especially, ethylacetate fraction from phloem showed the highest growth inhibitory effects against fungi tested, such as P. citreonigrum H3, P. toxicarium H4, P. corylophilu H5, A. clavatus, P. osteatus, S. commune, and G. lucidum. The fractions of fruit, which had lower antifungal activities mostly than those of phloem, strongly inhibited rot fungi such as G. lucidum, T. versicolor, and T. palustris. Compared to ferulic acid which is well known antioxidant, ethylacetate fraction of fruit showed high antioxidative activities on concentration of 1 to $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ in DPPH radical scavenging activity. As a result, antifungal and antioxidative activities of P. amurense suggest that its extract and fraction have a possibility as conservative of cultural heritage because it might get conservation effects against deteriorating microorganisms of cultural heritage.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.825-833
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• 2013

In this study, the dyeing properties of Phellodendron amurense on cotton and silk fabrics were evaluated to establish a scientific database of dyeing methods using natural dyes with the ultimate aim of facilitating the practical use of these dyes. The optimal thickener and dyeing concentrations depending on the thickener type were identified when dyeing with P. amurense, and the fabric color, color fastness, and antibiosis were examined for various thickeners, fabrics, and mordants. The results were as follows.: The optimal concentrations of thickeners when dyeing on cotton and silk fabrics were CMC 3% (w/w), Mayprogum 7% (w/w), and Indalka 9% (w/w). The optimal concentration of P. amurense was 25% (w/w), irrespective of the type of thickener. To maintain the hue unique to P. amurense, thickening with Mayprogum or Indalka and mordanting with Al was effective for cotton, while thickening with Mayprogum or Indalka and mordanting with Al or thickening with CMC and mordanting with gallnut was effective for silk. The dry-cleaning fastness and abrasion resistance of cotton fabrics dyed with P. amurense were excellent at the 4-5 level. Gallnut was effective for washing fastness and perspiration fastness against color degradation, and FFC was effective for light fastness. The washing fastness, dry-cleaning fastness, abrasion resistance, and perspiration fastness of silk fabrics dyed with P. amurense were excellent at level 4, except for washing and perspiration fastness, and FFC was effective for the improvement of light fastness. Dyeing cotton and silk fabrics with P. amurense thus yielded antibiosis and excellent washing fastness.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1994

This experiment was carrie out to investigate the amount of essential of leaves and fruits of Magnolia sieboldii, Magnolia hypoleuca, Evodia danillii male and female, Phellodendron amurense male and female and Zanthoxylum schinifolium male and emale by Karlsrube set on August, August, September and October in 1994. Essential oil yield was highest in the fruits of Zanthoxylum schinifollium leaves on Augus the amount of essential oil of Magnolia sieboldii and Magnolia hypoleuca leaves was more than the one of Evodia danillii, Phellodendron amurense and Zanthoxylum schnifolium leaves. The amount of essential oil were not diferent between male and female leaves.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.669-676
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• 2020

The purpose of this research was to revive the bathochromic effects of wool fabrics by using natural dyestuffs with minimum heavy metallic mordants. The natural dyestuffs used in this research were the indigo plant, Phellodendron amurense, and Caesalpinia sappan. Sample no. 1 was pre-dyed five times with indigo. Sample no. 2 was pre-dyed five times with indigo and then once dyed with Phellodendron amurense. Following the same method as sample no. 2 with an additional Phellodendron, Sample no. 3 consisted of a pre-dye five times with indigo and twice with Phellodendron amurense. Sample no. 4 was pre-dyed six times with indigo and then once dyed with Caesalpinia sappan. Sample no. 5 followed the same method as no. 4 with an additional dye of Caesalpinia sappan. Sample no. 6 was pre-dyed five times with indigo and then once dyed with Phellodendron amurense and once dyed with Caesalpinia sappan. The results were as follows: first, all samples showed deeper colors. Second, according to the results of the surface K/S measurement, the surface K/S of wool fabrics was >20. Third, the results of lightfastness measurement showed superiority over grade 4 in samples no. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6. However, sample no. 4 was grade 3. In the colorfastness to washing measurement, sample no. 2 showed greater superiority than grade 3-4, while samples no. 1 and 3 were grade 3. In addition, the colorfastness to dry cleaning for all samples was satisfactory or excellent by more than grade 3.