• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.27 no.2 s.89
• /
• pp.124-131
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to identify the phylogenetic relationship among Phellinus species by comparing the DNA sequences of the 5.8S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the internal transcribed spacers (ITSs), ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Two primers from the 3' end of 18S rDNA and the 5' end of 28S rDNA sequences were chosen to amplify the specific ITS regions of Phellinus spp. Phellinus strains used in the study were divided into four clusters by the phylogenetic tree based on the amplified regions of ITS and 5.8S rDNA sequences. The first cluster consist of Phellinus hartigii IMSNU 32041 and Phellinus robustus IMSNU 32068, and the second cluster consists of Phellinus linteus strains and Phellinus weirianus IMSNU 32021. Phellinus laevigatus KCTC 6229, KCTC 6230 and Phellinus igniarius KCTC 6227, KCTC 6228 belong to the third cluster. Finally, Phellinus chrysoloma KCTC 6225 and Phellinus chrysoloma KCTC 6226 are the fourth cluster. In the second cluster the differentiation between Phellinus linteus strains and Phellinus weirianus species were not possible by the comparison of the ITS sequences. These results revealed that Phellinus linteus and Phellinus weirianus cannot be established the concept of species level only by the ITS sequences. Therefore, both physiological and molecular biological methods as well as the sequences of type strains are necessary to classify the strains of these two species accurately. The comparison of the ITS sequences of four Phellinus species indicated that the sequences of the ITS1 generally are more divergent than those of the ITS2. Although the ITS sequences are varied in some species, the conserved regions in both ITS1 and ITS2 are useful tool to differentiate the species. Phellinus linteus and related species have their specific sequences in the ITS1 compared to the other species.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 2004

This study was undertaken to investigate comparative anti-tumor activity of water extracts of Phellinus gilvus (PGE), Phellinus linteus (PLE), and Phellinus baumii (PBE) in vitro. The anti-tumor activity in the present study was evaluated by sulforhodamine B (SRB) and microtetrazolium (MTT) assay in terms of cell survival level. The tumor cells (sarcoma 180 and P388) were treated with PGE, PLE, and PBE (7.5, 15, and 30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and Doxorubicin (DOX) (0.001~10 $\mu\textrm{M}$). The results showed that DOX, PGE, and PLE inhibited proliferation showing a dose-dependent manner against both tumor cells. However, PBE was inhibited by the only 30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in both cells proliferation. In conclusion, all of PGE, PLE, and PBE used in this study have shown anti-tumor activity against both sarcoma 180 and P388. Among them, PLE was the most effective in anti-tumor activity against sarcoma 180 (p<0.05) and PGE was against P388 in SRB assay. PLE, however, was against P388 (p<0.05) in MTT assay.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.27 no.5 s.92
• /
• pp.337-340
• /
• 1999

The context and upper surface of Phellinus basidiocarp become blackened, rimose and woody. The basidiocarp is sessile, dimidiate and elongate. The basidiospores are pigmented and ovoid to globose. Hymenial setae are $17{\sim}35{\times}6{\sim}8{\mu}m$. Nineteen isolates of Phellinus species, including Phellinus linteus, were used for sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rDNA. Based on these sequence data, specific primers were designed for identification of Phellinus linteus isolates in Korea. The specific primers were within the ITS1 and ITS2 regions and were nested within the universal primers flanking the spacer regions. A total of four primers (the universal primers ITS-1F and ITS-4, and the specific primers PL-F and PL-R) were used for detection of Phellinus linteus collected in Korea. The length of the four amplification products of Phellinus linteus DNA were 800 bp (ITS-1F/ITS-4), two bands of about 720 bp (ITS-1F/PL-R and PL-F/ITS-4), and 610 bp (PL-F/PL-R). Among 23 isolates of Phellinus species collected in Korea, Thirteen isolates were identified as Phellinus linteus based on the presence of the four bands. The other species produced only the single ITS-1F/ITS-4 product.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2016

Alcoholism is a significant health problem in the world. The liver is the first and primary target organ for alcohol metabolism. Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase play important roles in the metabolism of alcohol and aldehyde. In this study, I aimed to investigate the eliminatory effects of a Phellinus spp. extract on alcohol metabolism in drunken Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Male SD rats were given Phellinus spp. extract at 30 min after 40% (5 g/kg) alcohol ingestion. To assay the effect of Phellinus spp. extract on blood alcohol concentration, blood samples were taken from the tail vein at 1, 3 and 5 h after alcohol ingestion. The concentrations of alcohol, alcohol dehydrogenase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase in Phellinus spp. extract treated rat were significantly lower than that of the control with a time-dependent manner. In addition, the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities of Phellinus spp. extract-treated groups were altered compared to those of the control group. These results suggest that Phellinus spp. extract intake can have a positive effect on the reduction of alcohol, alcohol dehydrogenase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase concentrations in the blood and may alleviate acute alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity by altering alcohol metabolic enzyme activities. Phellinus spp. extract is thus a good nutraceutical candidate.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2003

Background : This study was to investigate existing studies on the mushroom Phellinus linteus for possible applications in treating hard to cure diseases and uses in herbal acupuncture as the above is known to have an anti-cancer effects and stimulating the immune system. Results : Based on the literary consideration, the following results were obtained : 1. Proteins and polysaccharides of the Class Basidiomycetes activate the host immune system for anti-cancer action without known side effects, thus it can be given for the prevention and treatment of cancer as a supplement. Phellinus linteus mushroom showed the most significant effects. 2. The Phellinus linteus mushroom is a fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae and Phellinus, under the class Basidiomycetes. Phellinus linteus can be often found on the trunk of mulberry trees and other latifoliate trees. 3. The characteristics of Phellinus linteus are sweet, neutral in temperature, non-toxic, dissipate the stagnated blood, stop bleeding, invigorate the blood circulation and remove stasis, and nourish qi. It has been used for treating continuous menstrual discharge among the female patients and removing masses in the abdomen to name a few. 4. Phellinus linteus contains agaric acid, fatty acid, C23 and other numerous enzymes. 5. Phellinus linteus is known to have anti-cancer and anti-oxidant effects, stimulation of the immune system, as well as anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of angiogenesis, and analgesic actions.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 2003

We investigated antitumor activities of the ethanol extract from mushroom Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii on mulberry, oak and elm. in vitro test, the ethanol extract of mushroom cultivated on oak of Phellinus linteus showed highest activities about SK-OV-3, HCT15, XF498, SK-MEL-2 and A549. SK-OV-3 cell line showed 100% cytotoxicity in 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml and HCT15 (98.39%), XF498 (89.62%), SK-MEL-2 (84.07%) and A549 (79.92%) cytotoxicity respectively. Also $IC_{50}$ showed 3.99 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml to SK-OV-3 cell line and HCT15 (4.37 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), A549 (5.48 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), SK-MEL-2 (6.72 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), XF 498 (6.88 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). As those results, cultivated oak of Phellinus linteus showed a very low $IC_{50}$ value against SK-OV-3, HCT15, XF498, SK-MEL-2 and A549 cancer cell lines.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.423-428
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to compare the morphology, general composition, elemental composition and mineral contents of Phellinus linteus, Phellinus baumii and Phellinus gilvus. In the scanning electron microscopy, P. gilvus and P. linteus had a similar shape. In the elemental composition, all of the three Phellinus spp. showed similar percent for the analyzed components. In the general composition, the water content of P. linteus. P. baumii and P. gilvus were 13%, 15% and 10%, respectively. The dietary fiber of three Phellius spp. showed more than 30%. The range of vitamin C and protein content was 1.5-2.1 g% and 3.63-3.73 g%. respectively. In mineral analysis, P. baumii of the three Phellinus spp. has the highest calcium concentration (1,135 ppm). From the above results, P. linteus. P. baumii and P. gilvus did not show any differences in the general composition and elemental composition.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.167-173
• /
• 1999

A new synthetic medium was developed for the submerged mycelial cultures of Phellinus linteus. The medium for maximum mycelial growth of Phellinus linteus (3 days incubation, 28$^{\circ}C$, pH 5) consisted of (per 1 L): glucose, 90 g peptone, 10 g soluble starch, 10 g yeast extract, 3 g KH2PO4, 1 g MgSO4.7H2O, 1 g and CaCl2, 0.1 g. The concentrations of glucose, peptone, yeast extract, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O, and CaCl2 were examined in the ranges of 10~90 g/L, 0~10 g/L, 0~15 g/L, 0~2 g/L, 0~1 g/L, and 0~0.5 g/L, respectively. The dry weight of mycelium in 3 days increased to 16.79 mg/mL using the new synthetic medium. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of Phellinus linteus was 28$^{\circ}C$. The concentrations of KH2OP4, CaCl2, and yeast extract, which gave the maximum mycelial growth of Phellinus linteus, existed in the concentration ranges examined in this study. But, in the cases of other compositions (MgSO4.7H2O, peptone, and glucose), the mycelial growth of Phellinus linteus increased with the concentration in the ranges.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.202-207
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to develop specific primers for PCR detection of Phellinus linteus. Diverse genomes of 15 Phellinus spp. including five Phellinus linteus isolates were fingerprinted by Primer Universal rice primer(URP)1F. The URP-PCR pattern differentiated P. linteus isolates from other phellinus spp. A polymorphic band(2.8 kb), which is unique for P. linteus isolates, was isolated and sequenced. Twenty four-oligonucleotide primer pairs were designed based on information of DNA sequence. The primer set(PLSPF2/PLSPR1) amplified single band(2.2 kb) of expected size with genomic DNA from seven Phellinus linteus, but not with that of other Phellinus species tested. The primers could be used identically in both DNA samples from mycelium and fruit bodies. This specific primers could offer a useful tool for detecting and identifying P. linteus rapidly.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2017

Objective : Phellinus spp. mushroom is an object of interest because it has excellent anticancer effect. Owing to the similalarities in the morphology, Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii are often used as same Sang Hwang Mushroom in the Korean market.. The quality control for mushrooms is needed because there are many differences in the efficacy according to cultivation method and cultivation area. Therefore, a reliable authentication method of these herbal medicine is necessary to compare and measure the amount of beta-glucan which is known to have a hypoglycemic effect, from the mushrooms collected in various regions Methods : 7 samples of medicinal mushrooms supplying phellinus spp. were collected in Korea, China and Cambodia. We investigated the hardness, colors, extract ratio, ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) expressions of water extracts from Phellinus spp and also MTT assay were examined for cell toxicity. Results : The results revealed that Phellinus spp.water Ext.inhibited ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activity. glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4), the key insulin signaling pathway transcription factor, was remarkably increased by the Phellinus baumii water extract Conclusions : These results suggest that The more yellowish the mushroom is, the lower the hardness, the more the content of ${\beta}-glucan$ is proportional. Because the more ${\beta}-glucan$, the greater the effect of hypoglycemia. compared to the hypoglycemic effect, Phellinus Baumii grown at hanging on selves for 7 month in the green house is the best.