• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.174-182
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• 2022

In chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), constituent tissues such as muscles are sensitive to pain and psychological stress, which negatively affect the quality of life. In addition, since chronic TMDs is often accompanied by diseases such as psychological disorders and other chronic pain disorders, the diagnosis of those diseases and patient referrals are mandatory. The management of chronic pain in TMDs requires a multidisciplinary and holistic approach. Pharmacological therapy using cyclobenzaprine, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, progressive relaxation, and psychological approaches using cognitive behavioral therapy such as shifting negative thoughts about pain are all valid treatment options.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2023

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic idiopathic orofacial pain. BMS is currently classified as a neuropathic pain condition, but it is difficult to pinpoint the precise neuropathic mechanisms involved in each patient. It is challenging to complete the cure for BMS. Clinicians should treat BMS patients based on evidence. There is pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy in the treatment modalities of BMS. The provision of objective information and reassurance as part of cognitive behavioral therapy is critical in the treatment of BMS. This paper will review the evidence-based treatment of BMS and discuss what we need to do.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.6-14
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• 2023

Fabry disease (FD), a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by mutations in the α-galactosidase A gene gene encoding α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A). The functional deficiency of α-Gal A results in progressive accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids, causing multi-organ damages including cardiac, renal, cerebrovascular systems. The current treatment is comprised of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), oral pharmacological chaperone therapy and adjunctive supportive therapy. ERT has been introduced 20 years ago, changing the outcome of FD patients with proven effectiveness. However, FD patients have many unmet needs. ERT needs a life-long intravenous therapy, inefficient bio-distribution, and generation of anti-drug antibodies. Migalastat, a pharmacological chaperone, augmenting α-Gal A enzyme activity only in patients with mutations amenable to the therapy, is now available for clinical practice. Furthermore, these therapies should be initiated before the organ damage becomes irreversible. Development of novel drugs aim at improving the clinical effectiveness and convenience of therapy. Clinical trial of next generation ERT is underway. Polyethylene glycolylated enzyme has a longer half-life and potentially reduced antigenicity, compared with standard preparations with longer dosing interval. Moss-derived enzyme has a higher affinity for mannose receptors, and seems to have more efficient access to podocytes of kidney which is relatively resistant to reach by conventional ERT. Substrate reduction therapy is currently under clinical trial. Gene therapy has now been started in several clinical trials using in vivo and ex vivo technologies. Early results are emerging. Other strategic approaches at preclinical research level are stem cell-based therapy with genome editing and systemic mRNA therapy.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.471-482
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• 2021

We aimed to provide evidences for developing non-pharmacological intervention in older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI) by integrated literature review. The final 16 papers were selected as a result of an integrated literature analysis. All of them are focused on strengthening cognitive activities, while Korean studies have often merged emotional activities such as music therapy and laughter therapy rather than physical activities such as exercise therapy, international studies have combined physical activities rather than emotional activities. The effects of non-pharmacological intervention differed according to the outcome variables. The primary variables were cognitive function and depression, and secondary variables were found to have effects on physical function, activities of daily living (ADL), and self-efficacy. This study contributes to a multidisciplinary approach that can be applied in the clinical field through the development of various non-pharmaceutical intervention for the prevention of dementia in the older adults with MCI.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.417-427
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of balance taping therapy on neck pain in high school students. Methods: The study employed a randomized control group pretest-posttest design with four-time repeated measures. Data were collected from 62 high school students with neck pain. The experimental group (n=31) took balance taping therapy for six days with appropriate position and stretching education while the control group (n=31) applied patches including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) for six days with appropriate position and stretching education. Neck pain, cervical range of motion (CROM) and neck disability were measured at pretest, day one, day three and day six which was the posttest day. Results: For the experimental group, the neck pain was significantly improved on all three days (F=16.82, p<.001), and extension and right lateral flexion of the CROMs were significantly improved over time compared to the control group (F=3.85, p =.011; F=2.71, p=.047, respectively). Neck disability was also improved in the experimental group compared to the control group (F=8.64, p<.001). Conclusion: The balance taping therapy was an efficient intervention for high school students with neck pain. Nurses could apply non-pharmacological interventions such as balance taping therapy without pharmacological side effects.

• The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.231-234
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• 2018

Peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) is the most common cause of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and its frequency has been declining over the past decades. However, mortality from PUB persists, and it is still a serious challenge in clinical practice. Although endoscopic intervention is the basic treatment modality for PUB, pharmacological therapy is an important adjunct. The emergence of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) enables maintenance of intragastric pH >6, which greatly helps in the treatment of PUB. Continuous intravenous infusion of high-dose PPI reduces the re-bleeding rate, thereby helping avoid additional surgery in patients with high-risk stigmata. Moreover, administration of PPIs prior to endoscopy may reduce the need for additional endoscopic intervention. Recently introduced gastric acid suppressants, such as potassium-competitive acid blockers, have shown promising results in further treatment of PUB.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Objectives: Despite the importance of Non-pharmacological interventions for Eating Disorders, no meta-analysis providing definite conclusions in this field has been reported. The purpose of the this study was to conduct meta-analysis of Non-pharmacological interventions for the improvement of eating disorders. Methods: We searched the Koreamed, KISTI, KMBASE, RISS and KISS and so on up to October 2017 using search terms such as ((Eating disorders OR anorexia OR binge) AND (Mediation OR program OR treatment OR therapy OR technique)) in Korean. Results: Initial searches yielded 602 citations. Of these results, seven met selection criteria. Interventions reduced the risk of binge eating disorder (standardised mean difference [SMD] -2.133, 95% CI -3.107~-1.159). Interventions reduced drive for leanness (-1.857, -3.143~-0.571), body dissatisfaction (-1.357, -2.238~-0.477), depression (-0.745, -1.298~-0.192), but not physical function (0.191, -0.089~0.471). Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that Non-pharmacological Interventions may help Eating disorders' binge eating, drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, depression. However, larger-scale studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2007

This practice parameter for non-pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) review the domestic and international literature on the psychosocial treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. This parameter include the parental training & education, cognitive behavior therapy(group or individual), social skill training, family therapy, play therapy (individual psychotherapy) and non-traditional therapy (art therapy, herbal therapy et al). Among them, there is some proven evidence only in parental training & education and cognitive behavior therapy. So, this parameter describes some details only in the field of parental training & education and cognitive behavior therapy. The efficacy or effectiveness, especially, cost-effectiveness of specific psychosocial treatment method for ADHD cannot be fairly assessed due to the scarcity of controlled clinical data. Based on the clinical expert consensus and limited evidence, we cautiously suggest the practice recommendations about the non-pharmacological psychosocial treatment fur children and adolescents with ADHD.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-29
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep disturbance amongst adults aged 55 and above. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL and several Korean databases were searched. The main search strategy combined terms including non-pharmacological interventions and presence of insomnia. Non-pharmacological interventions included cognitive behavioral therapy, auricular acupuncture, aromatherapy, and emotional freedom techniques. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. Data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.3 program of Cochrane Library. Results: Sixteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 962 participants. Non-pharmacological interventions was conducted for a mean of 5.5 weeks, 7.7 sessions, and an average of 70 minutes per session. The effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep quality (ES=-1.18), sleep efficiency (ES=-1.14), sleep onset latency (ES=-0.88), awakening time after sleep onset (ES=-0.87), and sleep belief (ES=-0.71) were significant, and their effect sizes were ranged from moderate to large. However, the effects on total sleep time and insomnia severity were not significant. Conclusion: The findings of the current study suggest that non-pharmacological interventions have a positive impact on attitudes and beliefs about sleep, sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency. Therefore, the findings of the study provide an evidence to incorporate various non-pharmacological interventions into nursing practice to improve both sleep quality and quantity in patients with insomnia.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic disease that has no definitive cure. In this review study, the main sources of Persian Medicine (PM) such as the Canon of Medicine (by Avicenna) and Al-Havi (by Rhazes) were assessed to identify non-pharmacological treatments for psoriasis. Several treatments that are recommended for this disease include nutritional advice, lifestyle modifications, and manipulation therapy such as wet cupping (Hijamah), leech therapy, and phlebotomy (Fasd). These recommendations may help to prevent recurrence and be useful in improving psoriasis. The efficacy of PM recommendations to improve psoriasis should be evaluated in future studies.