• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.302-310
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• 2002

Demand for organic analysis increase as industries are growing and many products are spreaded in the daily life. One of many products is oil spill dispersant. It was used for oil accident in the ocean. When oil spill dispersant spread at the ocean, the petroleum in the ocean is dispersed. The oil spill dispersant is made of non ionic surfactant and petroleum oil. The non ionic surfactant disperse petroleum from oil accident. The other part is petroleum oil which has aromatic hydrocarbon. Because the aromatic hydrocarbon is cancerogenic material, it directly injure animals in the ocean. This cause the second pollution in the human body. Many oil accidents still are controlled by oil spill dispersant. Therefore quality control of the oil spill dispersant become important and this also demand for the exact quantitative analysis of aromatic hydrocarbon. Hereupon the first we develop separate petroleum oil from surfactant. The second standardize analytical method of aromatic hydrocarbon in the separated petroleum oil.

• 공업화학
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.546-550
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• 2016

국내 토양오염의 60~70% 이상이 석유제품에 의한 오염이며, 석유제품에 의해 토양오염이 발생될 경우, 토양환경보전법 상 B T E X와 total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH)를 분석하도록 명시하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 유통 중인 석유제품에 대한 구간별 TPH 패턴을 분석하였다. 또한 $C_8{\sim}C_{40}$ 구간만을 분석하는 현행 토양오염공정시험기준의 문제점을 보완하여 석유제품 내 TPH를 정량분석 하였다. 분석결과, 토양오염공정시험기준 분석조건으로 분석한 결과값과 보완된 분석방법을 이용했을 시, 휘발유와 용제 1호 같은 저비점 유류의 경우, 최대 85%의 차이가 발생하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2005

In order to conduct research on oil originated in Mongolia for further application of petroleum not only as fuel but also as raw material for organic synthesis, we need to study the physical, chemical characteristics and individual, group hydrocarbon's compositions of main petroleum fractions. A number of studies and surveys on the physical and chemical characteristics, group hydrocarbon's composition of petroleum deposits in Zuun-Bayan, Sukhaibulag, Tsagaan Elst, Tamsagbulag have been carried out earlier through n-g-M, aniline point and dispersimetric methods successfully. Yet a detailed chromatographical and NMR spectroscopic study for the individual hydrocarbon's composition of Tamsagbulag oil main fractions has not been conducted. In the present study the results of GC analyses of gasoline fractions of wells 19-3, 19-13 and 19-10, Tamsagbulag (Eastern Mongolia) were presence. The gasoline fractions of given wells were characterized by the high concentration of paraffins and presence of trace amount of olefins. There were identified 69 paraffins, 45 naphthenes, 41 aromatics and 3 olefins in total 158 individual hydrocarbons from each samples of gasoline fraction. The first attempts to classify Tamsagbulag oil under the individual hydrocarbon's composition data were successfully conducted and the supposition of a genetic classification of given oil as "sapropelic" type was made.

• 공업화학
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.618-623
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• 2012

석유의 누출로 인해 토양과 지하수 오염이 점차 증가되면서, 토양환경에 대한 중요성이 점차 늘고 있다. 토양오염은 다른 환경오염에 비해 정화비용이 비싸며, 긴 정화기간이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 토양오염을 발생시킬 수 있는 대표적 석유제품에 대한 물성분석과 함께 토양에 누유시킨 뒤, 석유계 총탄화수소화합물의 스펙트럼 패턴을 분석함으로써 유종들의 특성을 분석하였다. 이는 추후 석유에 의한 토양오염 발생 시, 어떤 석유제품에 의한 오염인지 쉽게 판단이 가능할 것이다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2001년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.120-123
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• 2001

To evaluate the biodegradability of contaminants in an aquifer, computer modeling with RT3D model (Clement, 1997) was used. The RT3D model simulates the biodegradation of organic contaminants using a number of aerobic and anaerobic electron acceptors. The RT3D model was applied to a well-studied petroleum hydrocarbon plume in a shallow unconfined aquifer in Uiwang, Korea. The results of this study demonstrate tile importance of biodegradation processes in the monitored natural attenuation and in reducing contaminant concentrations in a shallow aquifer. The modeling results tell that the amount of electron acceptors is the key factor affecting biodegradation of TEX, the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminant in shallow groundwater

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.354-359
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• 2006

This study examined the capacity of immobilized bacteria to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. A mixture of hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial strains was immobilized in alginate and incubated in crude oil-contaminated artificial seawater (ASW). Analysis of hydrocarbon residues following a 30-day incubation period demonstrated that the biodegradation capacity of the microorganisms was not compromised by the immobilization. Removal of n-alkanes was similar in immobilized cells and control cells. To test reusability, the immobilized bacteria were incubated for sequential increments of 30 days. No decline in biodegradation capacity of the immobilized consortium of bacterial cells was noted over its repeated use. We conclude that immobilized hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria represent a promising application in the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated areas.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.362-367
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• 2014

This study was performed to test the applicability of the ozone/hydroxy radical reaction system, which applied advanced oxidation processes, to remove total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) from the fine soil in washing water of the soil washing process. Removal efficiency was tested on 40 L of washing water in a pilot reaction tank. Fine soil contaminated with $800mg\;kg^{-1}$ TPH was prepared at 5% and 10% suspended solids. Testing conditions included ozone/hydroxy radical flow rates of 40, 80, and $120L\;min^{-1}$, and processing time of 2 to 12 hours. The removal efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon from water waster by ozone/hydroxy radical was increased with higher flow rates and lower percentages of suspended solids. Optimal efficiency was achieved at $80L\;min^{-1}$ flow rate for 4 hours for the 5% suspended solids, and $120L\;min^{-1}$ for 6 hours for the 10% suspended solids. These results verified the efficiency of hydroxy radical in removing TPH and the applicability of the ozone/hydroxy radical reaction system in the field.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.606-614
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• 1998

In this study, biodegradation rate of Arabian light crude oil by mixed cultures of selected petroleum-degraders was determined. Their modes of hydrocarbon uptake were then observed to determine whether there are differences in biodegradation rate by the mixed cultures. By the mixed cultures of petroleum-degraders having same modes of hydrocarbon uptake, such as strain US1 and K1 (using pseudo-solubilized hydrocarbons by a biosurfactants), K2-2 and P1(using hydrocarbons by direct contact), CL 180 and IC-10 (mixed type of uptake modes), the biodegradation rates of aliphatics in the crude oil were increased more than those by their pure cultures, about 40%, 25% and 20%, respectively. Biodegradation rate of strain KH3-2 (using only water- dissolved hydrocarbons) was increased by mixed cultures with strain K1, CL180 or IC-10 possessing high emulsifying activity. However, the biodegradation rate of the crude oil was decreased about 20%-40% by the mixed cultures of petroleum-degraders having different mode of hydrocarbon uptake, such as addition of strain US1 or K1 in the cultures of K2-2 or P1. Biosurfactants produced by US1 or K1 seems to enhance the emulsification of crude oil in aqueous phase but inhibit the attachment of K2-2 or P1 to crude oil. As same phenomena, the addition to Triton X-100 into the culture of strain US1, K1, CL180, IC-10 or KH3-2 increased the biodegradation rate, but the addition in the culture of strain K2-2 or P1 decreased the biodegradation rate. The mixed culture made of CL180, IC-10 and KH3-2 degraded 61.5% of aliphatics and 69% of aromatics in 3% (v/v) of Arabian light crude oil added.

• 한국석유지질학회지
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• 제6권1_2
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• pp.37-43
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• 1998

포항 지역의 지하수에 녹아있는 수용성 탄화수소 가스의 지화학적 특성을 파악하기 위해서 지하수를 채취하여 지하수의 성분, 추출된 가스의 함량, 탄화수소 가스의 성분 및 탄소 동위원소 분석을 실시하였다. 지하수들로부터 추출된 총 가스의 함량은 최소 27.0 ml/l, 최대 50.1 ml/l이다. 추출된 가스 중 탄화수소 성분은 메탄 $(CH_4)$이 27 ppm에서 376,420 ppm까지 나타났고 에탄 $(C_2H_6)$ 성분도 일부 시료에서 19 ppm에서 127 ppm까지 검출되었다. 지하수로부터 추출된 총 가스의 함량은 대수층 및 주변 지질에 따른 변화는 없었던 반면, 총 탄화수소의 함량은 대수층 및 주변 지질과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 대수층이 제3기층이거나 제3기 퇴적층의 두께가 두꺼운 곳에서 시추된 공의 지하수에서 탄화 수소 가스의 함량이 높은 경향을 보인다 지하수에 녹아있는 탄화수소의 함량과 지하수의 총 고형물 (T-solids)성분이 비례하는 것으로 보아 탄화수소 성분은 제3기층의 지층수에 녹아있었던 것으로 생각한다. 지하수에서 추출된 총 탄화수소 가스 중 메탄 성분은 $99.9\%$ 이상을 차지하고, 메탄 가스의 탄소 동위원소 비 $({\delta}C^{13})$는 $-73.1\%_{\circ}$에서 $-43.22\%_{\circ}$ 까지의 범위를 나타내는 것으로 보아 포항 지역 수용성 가스는 저온, 무산소 환경에서 메탄 생성 박테리아의 작용에 의해서 생성된 생물기원 가스로 해석된다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2001년도 Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Meeting of Yellow Sea Environment
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• pp.42-48
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• 2001

A kinetic model was presented to estimate the uptake/release rate constants and thereafter, bioconcentration factor, $k_1$, $k_2$ and BCF (bioconcentration factor), for the uptake of PH by plankton were obtained. Implies that PH(petroleum hydrocarbon) caused no significant influence on the uptake of $N-NO_3$, but significant influence on that of $P-PO_4$. In addition, the application of kinetic model for the bioconcentration of volatile organic toxic compound by organism suggests that the uptake of PH by plankton was an important process for the environmental capacity of PH.