• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2021

To investigate the current pest management status in Korea, a survey was conducted from 151 students and graduates in the Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries (KNCAF) by on-line. The questionnaire consists of two divisions, basic questions and pest control questions. The basic questions were including the respondent's age, academic status, cultivating crops and cultivating area. The pest control questions were including pest control methods, pesticide selection rationale, and pest forecasting methods. As a summary of basic questions, the respondents in their 20s accounted for 91.2%. Moreover, 34.5% of the respondents had over 3 hectares of cultivating area. The cultivating methods were differed by cultivating crops. As a summary of pest control questions, major control methods were using the conventional chemicals (>66%). To understand the pesticide selection rationale, farmers/respondents made their own decisions based on existing control techniques (30%) or depended on the decisions of pesticide vendors (29%). As for the pest forecasting method, it was mainly conducted by the Rural Development Administration affiliated organization (29%) and the National Crop Pest Management System (27%). Regarding the reliability of the pest diagnosis and pesticide prescription of pesticide vendors, 97% of the respondents marked above average. However, there was no choice on strong reliability. Interestingly, 79% of the respondents agreed to train experts for pest diagnosis and pesticide prescription with high necessity and, in particular, 47% of respondents were very strongly supported. These results suggest that the farmers might be need more qualified experts in pest diagnosis and pesticide prescriptions. Taken together, these survey results would provide important information to understand the current status of pest management by farmers' point of view and useful to set the direction of pest control.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.60-73
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• 2024

Background: The available information on terrestrial pest gastropods and their impact on the environment worldwide is scarce and outdated. The present study aimed to address this gap by conducting the first comprehensive survey of pest gastropods in the Nuwara Eliya District, an important vegetable growing area in the highlands of Sri Lanka. Eighty agricultural lands were surveyed over two years by establishing ten 1 m2 sampling plots per crop type in each agricultural land. Geo-coordinates, air temperature, elevation, relative humidity, daily rainfall, soil pH, species richness and abundance were recorded for rainy and non-rainy periods. The relationship between species composition and environmental variables was analyzed using multi-regression models and distribution maps. Results: Out of the 14 species recorded in agricultural lands, nine were identified as exotic pest species. Species abundance (t = 4.69, p < 0.05) and diversity was higher in the rainy period and the dominant species during this period were Bradybaena similaris (t = 2.69, p < 0.05) and Deroceras reticulatum (t = 2. 46, p < 0.05). Eggs and estivating adults were found in soil and under decaying organic matter during the non-rainy period. The exotic species showed broader preferences for the measured environmental factors and showed a wider range in distribution compared to the native species. Variation in pest gastropod composition was significantly accounted for by elevation, relative humidity, soil pH and daily rainfall. Additionally, the species richness and abundance varied across locations due to the combined effects of elevation, crop type and stage, and field type. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the biology and ecology of gastropod pests to develop effective management strategies. By considering the influence of environmental factors and implementing appropriate soil management techniques, such as targeting specific habitats and crop stages, it is possible to mitigate pest populations and minimize their impact on agricultural lands. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the dynamics and interactions of terrestrial gastropods in agricultural ecosystems, supporting sustainable pest management practices.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.245-255
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• 1997

The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the degree of rice farmers' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM), (2) to determine the related variables for decisions on pest control, and (3) to indicate desirable direction for IPM farmers' field training. The study was carried out through a questionnaire method and sane interviewing survey of 300 rice farmers by the IPM trainers who participated in IPM training in 1994 or 1995. The data were collected from 268 respondents to the questionnaire consisted of KAP and related variables. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. The KAP score of the farmers concerning IPM were 71 for knowledge, 76.2 for attitude and 74 for practice on average. 2. The KAP score was higher for farmers cultivating larger land size and for those with more participation in IPM training. Also the KAP was higher for the members of the Rural Leaders Association and Future Farmers Association than any other groups. 3. The IPM farmers had strong positive attitudes towards the resistant rice varieties. However, the practical pest control rate of the IPM farmers was low for conservation of natural enemies, timely control following occurrence and plant compensation what few pest were presence in the paddy field. 4. The KAP Score on the economic threshold level and safe pesticide use was relatively low for elder farmers and for those with lower educational background. Most farmers preferred calendar spraying methods for preventive pest control to any other method of pest control. Knowledge was relatively low on pesticide and environmental contamination. 5. Decision making on pest control depends on the extension officer and rural leader's opinion. The survey method for pest occurrence by directly counting pest in the field was only 22.9% among the farmers of this study. 6. Most farmers used pesticide for preventive pest occurrence even when pest didn't occur in their field. The average number of pesticide applications per cropping season in rice field was 3.7 times, and the number of mixed pesticides per application was 4.3 kinds of pesticides. Also 6 recommendations were made in this study for improvement of IPM farmer's training.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.45-49
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• 2001

As a series of studies to develop pest management system for sweet persimmon production matched with the quarantine criterion of sweet persimmon-imported county, a survey was conducted by questionnaire on pest management practice and scheme of increasing income in sweet persimmon farms in Korea. Above 80% of sweet persimmon farmers was over fifties in age. The greatest limiting factor for sweet persimmon production was thought to be disease by the farmers. Percentage of farmers who answered that the most important pest is anthracnose cause by Gloeosporium kaki, and stink bugs was 64.6% and 73.5%, respectively. In particular, the farmers did not consider Dichocrocis punctiferalis, a main targer insect for quarantine in USA, as serious problem. Obtaining information on pest management practice or decision-making on both selection of pesticide and time of pesticide application depended highly on their own experience with the highest proportion. Eight to nine times of pesticide applications a year was highest among farms with 56.6%. More than 80% of farmers recorded the diary of pesticide application. farmers considered increasing cost for pest management as the greatest problem with 35.4% in proportion, and 34.5% of farmers pointed out that increase in export is essential for increasing farm income with highest proportion.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.159-170
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to understand the current status of education and programs and to identify the items that urban residents need most for garden management. First of all, there were 45 sites (40.5%) with gardens operated by city and county local governments nationwide, and 41(91.1%) of them had dedicated staff (1.8 persons on average). The average area of gardens was 18,623 m², garden area per person was 20.27m², the average number of participants was 683, and the average period of use was 8.69 months. In addition to gardening activities, 14 (31.1%) out of 45 sites were operating small group meetings, with an average of 2.29 meetings and 67 participants. In the satisfaction survey after gardening activities, 88.9% of 18 sites were satisfied. According to the questionnaire about education and programs related to garden users, an average of four sessions were conducted per education. In terms of education, the contents were in the following order: basic education on garden cultivation (33.9%) > prior education on garden operation (28.9%) > pest control (14.0%) > eco-friendly management (11.6%) > pesticides and Positive List System (9.9%) > others (1.7%). Over 95% of the respondents were generally satisfied. Regarding the perception survey on which items are needed to develop garden management guidelines, the most necessary items were in the order of crop management (38.7%) > public garden etiquettes among users (27.9%) > pest control (14.4%) > weed management (13.5%) > activities using harvest (5.4%). The contents that are to be included in the guidelines were in the order of garden planning and crop selection (17.2%) > cultivation techniques and schedule (16.5%) > pest and soil management (15.7%) > introduction of garden crops and gardening models (12.7%) > garden etiquettes (10.7%). In establishing urban garden management plans by region, the results will have high utility value as the basic data for continuous garden operation by setting a direction that meets the regional characteristics as well as the needs of urban residents.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.414-420
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• 2008

To investigate the actual condition of orchard and pest management of persimmon orchards, a questionnaire was ask to the farmers in major cultivated areas of persimmon and dried persimmon, Sangju, Gyeongbuk in 2007 and 2008. 91.1% of persimmon farmers was over fifties in age and 94.7% of persimmon farmers was cultivated 'Sangjudungshi'. The greatest limiting factor for persimmon production was thought to be disease by the 58.4% of persimmon farmers and the most serious disease was anthracnose by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. 60.2% of them was answered that the most serious insect pest was scale insects. Obtaining of knowledge or information on pest management depended own experience (37.2%) and 48.7% of answered farmers was decision-marking of pesticides depending on agrochemical market. 54% of persimmon farmers was applied pesticides $3{\sim}5$ times per year. Just 17.7% of them recorded the diary of pesticide application. The greatest problem for management of pest in persimmon orchard was lack of knowledge of pest (60.2%) and farmers considered increasing cost for pest management as the greatest problem with 52.2% in proportion. 66.4% of farmers was mixed cultivation with soybean (37.7%) and hot pepper (26.1%) in persimmon orchard. 44.2% among answered farmers mixed cultivation of persimmon with production of dried persimmon and 54.5% of farmers considered lack of labor as the greatest problem in production of dried persimmon.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.440-450
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• 2021

Temperature and humidity data collection using real-time sensors and data loggers was conducted for integrated pest management in the collection storage and exhibition space of the Jeongnimsaji Museum, Buyeo. The real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system collected measurement data every 30 minutes and enabled real-time confirmation of the data through a linked application. If the temperature and humidity data measured in the real-time temperature and humidity monitoring system exceeds the set range, a push notification was sent to the mobile phone of the person in charge to provide status information to establish a continuous management system. Through this, it was possible to immediately recognize and take action when the temperature range exceeded the recommended relic temperature in August. We performed data visualization on the concentration of airborne fungus in the storage area and the inflow path and density of insects. Based on the recommended criteria presented by the National Institute of Cultural Heritage, The data on the spatial and temporal concentration of airborne fungus inside the collection storage were found to be maintained at a value below the standard recommended by the National Institute of Cultural Heritage (80 CFU/m³). Also, as a result of the insect inflow survey, no insects were captured inside the storage area, and in the case of the exhibition space, insects such as Scutigera coleoptrata, Loxoblemmus arietulus, Diestrammena asynamora, Koreoniscus racovitzai were captured. Based on this, as a result of visualization according to the individual density of captured insects by area, it was confirmed that the main inflow paths of insects were the external entrance and the toilet area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.440-446
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• 2019

Pine wilt disease occurred for the first time in Busan in 1988 and the damage has since been increasing. In 2005, a special law was enacted for pine wilt disease by Korea Forest Service. Incidences relating to the forest pest had been frequent and chemical control as well as physical control techniques had been applied to control it. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the damage caused by the pine wilt disease through intensive management such as continuous monitoring, control, and monitoring based on active control as well as management measures. In this study, the UAV-based monitoring method was proposed as an economical way of monitoring the forest pest. The efficiency of the existing method and UAV method had been analyzed, and as a result the study suggested that UAV can be used for forest pest monitoring and indeed improve efficiency. The UAV-based forest pest monitoring method has a cost reduction of about 50% compared with the conventional method and will also help to reduce the area where the survey was omitted.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.121-135
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• 1994

The Purpose of this study was to obtain data about management of the landscape plants and facility in APT. complex. Because of be completed 2 years ago, landscape plants ware damaged by transplantation and lost the nature tree shape. As well, the management conditions of plants and facility were wholly bad. In details, tree-species consisted of 52 species arbors and 35 species shrubs in APT. complex. The high rank 5 species were planted as main plants. The rates were 45.6-62.8% in arbors and 81.8-97.0% in shrubs. In the degree of tree shape and damage by diseuse and pest, the bad level of 1-2points were ranked highly as 13.9% and 10.4%. In the degree of tree shape and damage by disease and pest, the bad level of 1-2points were showed as 5.1% and 4.7%. In the interview Survey, the main problems of management-maintenance were expressed deficiency of budget, specialist and concern of residents. In the future, methods for the intensive management of APT. complex; First, the management of landscape plants and facility should be attained by a expert and need to establishment of maintenance scheme thoroughly. Above all, for improvement of residential life, we should be lead to convert of a resident recognition in the management -maintenance of exterior space.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted as part of research to promote garden diversity and seek sustainable garden management plans, as well as to determine the trends in understanding and use of companion plants as an eco-friendly farming method and provide the results as the basic data for sustainable urban agriculture. Methods: To determine the trends in garden activities, eco-friendly pest control, and use of companion plants, a survey was conducted on 230 urban residents participating in the Urban Agriculture Expert course. 223 copies of the questionnaire were collected excluding missing values, and IBM SPSS statistics Ver. 25 Program was used for frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. Results: Most of the respondents were female (71.3%), homemakers (26.5%), were in their 50s (29.1%), and had 2 members in the family (27.8%). 164 respondents (73.5%) had experience in gardening, most of them once a week (31.7%) and for self-consumption (55.5%). Both men and women raised crops for safe food production (32.3%), and they most preferred the city garden type (39.9%). For the preparation of nourishment for eco-friendly garden management, most respondents (60.1%) purchased fertilizers from the market. For the reason why eco-friendly pest control is necessary, all respondents except 4 of them (98.2%) responded that it is necessary 'because it affects my health as I eat it (73.5%)', indicating that they still had a high level of interest in health. Only 43.9% of the respondents said that they had heard of companion plants, 89.2% responded that companion plants were effective in eco-friendly management, and 87.4% showed the will to participate in gardening using companion plants in the future. Finally, the regression analysis confirmed that the awareness of companion plants and satisfaction with gardening activities are key variables that increase the intention to participate in gardening activities in the future. Conclusion: Since plants require special care depending on the period and various diseases and insect pests occur, there must be continuous research on companion plants as an eco-friendly farming method. Moreover, by actively using companion plants in urban gardens with the utility value in not only eco-friendly pest control but also in helping plant growth, urban agriculture is expected to be continuously activated and promoted by increasing satisfaction in gardening activities with aesthetic landscaping and pest control.