• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.3858-3869
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a hash-chain based friendly force identification protocol for personal combatants equipped with a personal combat system in a tactical wireless network. It is imperative in military operations to effectively and quickly identify friendly forces. If the identification of friendly forces is not correct, this can cause friendly fire. In current ground operations, the identification of friendly forces by personal combatants is neither secure nor safe. To address this issue, the proposed protocol uses a hash-chain to determine if a detected person is friendly. Only friendly forces with the same materials that are assigned before they deploy can construct an initial hash-chain. Moreover, the hash-chain is changed at specific times. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated on the assumption that the secret key is leaked, which is the worst scenario in the security research field. We verify that the proposed protocol is secure for the various attack scenarios, such as message replay attack, fabrication attack, and Denial of Service attack.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.13-25
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• 2024

In the performance analysis of a weapon system, the combat effectiveness is difficult to go beyond the conceptual level in the early stages of development. This is especially true in the case of new concept of weapon system that has never existed before. In this study, with the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of small personal guided weapons, the design of the warhead and the detonation test were carried out and the results were analyzed. Afterwards, trajectory of fragments were calculated from the results, and it is applied to the anti-personnel effectiveness logic which is a part of combat simulation tool. At the same time, delivery accuracy logic was constructed from Monte-Carlo simulation with 6-DOF trajectory model. Subsequent simulated experiments were conducted with test scenarios to confirm the simulation logic reflecting the results of the warhead detonation tests for verifying the simulation approach of weapon systems, and it was confirmed that the simulation logic incorporating the results of the warhead detonation tests functioned properly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.609-617
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• 2016

In general, Personal Navigation Systems (PNSs) can be defined systems to acquire pedestrian positional information. GPS is an example of PNS. However, GPS can only be used where the GPS signal can be received. Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) can estimate the positional information of pedestrians using Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Therefore, PDR can be used for GPS-disabled areas. This paper proposes a PDR scheme considering various movement types over GPS-disabled areas as combat environments. We propose a movement distance estimation scheme and movement direction estimation scheme as pedestrian's various movement types such as walking, running and crawling using IMU. Also, we propose a fusion algorithm between GPS and PDR to mitigate the lack of accuracy of positional information at the entrance to the building. The proposed algorithm has been tested in a real test bed. In the experimental results, the proposed algorithms exhibited an average position error distance of 5.64m and position error rate in goal point of 3.41% as a pedestrian traveled 0.6km.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.5
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• pp.1-45
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• 2007

Reserved forces of ROKA are in charge of replacement of TOE in the wartime and mission of rear area operation. But there is institutional inertia in the law and organization oriented to fill human resources rather than take mission. We need to prepare for the investment and arrangement of reserved forces as military power that would be replaced standing forces. In this portion, to reinforce reserve forces elite, First, efficient mobilization regulations and systems are suggested. I covered a maintenance of relevant mobilization ordinances which need to legislated and approved by national assembly for wartime and development of mobilization system which might lose the appropriate time for mobilization due to complicated declaration procedures and measures to overcome the panic at the initial stage of the war and organization and employment of nationwide transportation system and mobilization center. To ensure efficient resource management and mobilization of reserve forces with a number of approximately 3 million, there's a necessity of organization for integration and conciliation. To make it real, I suggested establishing and employing the mobilization center, on first phase, employ the mobilization center focusing on homeland divisions, on second phase, it is advisable to convert to national level mobilization system and develop to central mobilization center focusing on national emergency planning committee. During peacetime, in conjunction with Mobilization Cell, mobilization center can conduct resource survey and integrate and manage mobilization resources and take charge of mobilization training of subordinate units, and during wartime, in conjunction with mobilization coordination team and Cell, can ensure the execution of mobilization. Second, Future oriented reserve forces management system such as service system of reserve forces and support system of homeland defense operations. Current service and trainings of reserve forces by the year have very low connection, as it is very complex to manage the resources and trainings, and service and training lack the equity, re-establishment of service system is required. Also in an aspect of CSS and cultivation support for reserve forces, as the scope and limitation of responsibility between the armed forces and autonomous organization is obscure, conditions to conduct actual-fighting exercises are limited. Concentrated budgetting is extremely difficult because reserve forces training fields are scattered nationwide, and facilities and equipments are rapidly getting older. To improve all these, I suggest the organization of homeland defense battalion with a unit of "City-Gun-District" and supporting the local reserve forces. Conduct unit replacement or personal replacement for those who have finished their 1 or 2 years and homeland defense operation duty for those with 3-5 years for consistency and simplification. Third, I suggest Future oriented Reserved Training(FRT) and Training Center oriented training management to establish a reliable reserve training. Reserves carry out expansion of unit, conventional combat mission, homeland defense and logistics support during wartime, and actual-fighting exercise, and disaster relief, peace keeping activities. Despite diverse activities and roles, their training condition still stays definitely poor. For these reasons, Modernization of weapons and facilities through gradual replacement and procurement is essential to enhance mobilization support system.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.889-898
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• 2021

Currently, due to the demographic cliff phenomenon in Republic of Korea, A serious defense vacuum could occur due to the lack of South Korean military's personal strength. As a result, The South Korean military has a possibility to implement the polices the prepare for military provocations and preemptive strikes by the North Korean military while resolving the South Korean defense vacuum caused by the shrinking population. It seems like that the only way for the South Korean military to solve the shortage of personal strength due to the population decline is to reduce the number of Mechanized Units(MU) other than, infantry and automate, and autonomous driving the weapons system of the Mechanized Units(MU). In this paper, we propose the use of the virtual autonomous driving of the self propelled artillery K-9's in self selection of the position and occupation of position and self positioning in the position. At the same time in this paper, the self propelled artillery K-9 model robot is used to simulate and the explain about the operation method, necessity and feasibility in the self propelled artillery K-9. In addition, this paper predicted the problems that would arise if the South Korean military deployed autonomous driving self propelled K-9, in real combat.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-8
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• 1981

This study concerns itself with the development of a new model of comprehensive health service for rural communities of Korea. The study was conceived to resolve the problems of both underservice in rural communities and underutilization of valuable health manpower, namely the nurses, the disenchanted elite health personnel in Korea. On review of the current situation, the greatest deficiencies in the Korean health care system were found in the availability of primary care at the peripheries of md communities, in the dissemination of knowledge of disease prevention and health care, and in the induction of and guidance for active participation by the clientele in health maintenance at the personal, family and community level Abundant untapped health resources were identified that could be brough to bear upon the national effort to extend health services to every member of the Korean Population. Therefore, it was Postulated that the problem of underservice in rural communities of Korea can be structurcturally resolved by the effective mobilization and organization of untapped health resources, and that. a primary care Nursing Service System offers the best possibility for fulfillment of rural health service goals within the current health man-power situation. In order to identify appropriate strategies to combat the present difficulties in Korean rural health services and to utilize nurses and other health personnel in community-centered health programs, a search was made for examples of innovative service models throughout the world. An extensive literature survey and field visits to project sites both in Korea and in the United States were made. Experts in the field of world health, health service, planners, administrators, and medical and nursing practitioners in Korea, in the United States as well as visitors from other Asian countries were widely consulted. On the basis of information and inputs from these experts a new rural health service model has been constructed within the conceptual framework of community development, especially of the innovation diffusion Model. It is considered especially important that citizens in each community develop capacities for self-care with assistance and supports from available health professionals and participate in health service-related decisions that affect their own well-being. The proposed model is based upon the regionalization of health care planning utilizing a comprehensive Nursing Service System at the immediate delivery level The model features: (1) a health administration unit at each administrative level; (2) mechanisms for community participation; (3) a continuous source of primary health care at the local community level; (4) relative centralization of specialty care and provision of tertiary or super-specialty care only at major national metropolitan centers; and (5) a system for patient referral to the appropriate level of care. This model has been built around professional nurses as the key community health workers because their training is particularly suited and because large numbers of well-trained nurses are currently available and being trained. The special element in this model is a professional nurse-guided, self-care facilitating primary care Community Nursing Service System. This is supported by a Nursing Extension Service as a new training and support structure. (See attached diagrams). A broad spectrum of programs was proposed for the Community Nursing Service System. These were designed to establish a balance of activities between the clinic-centered individual care component and the field activity-centered educational and supportive component of health care services. Examples of possible program alternatives and proposed guidelines for health care in specific situations were presented, as well as the roles and functions of the key health personnel within the Community Nursing Service System. This Rural Health Service Model was proposed as a real alternative to the maldistributed, inequitable, uncoordinated solo-practice, physician-centered fee-for-service health care available to Koreans today.