• 아동학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.115-132
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• 1998

The present study investigated the construction of the moral concepts of 3-, 4-, and 5- year old Korean children. Instruments were the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument by Schaefer for mother and feather nurturing attitudes, and the Domain Distinctiveness Model for children's moral judgments. Maternal and teacher attitudes were categorized by the affection-rejection factor consisting of affection-affection, affection-rejection, rejection-affection, and rejection-rejection dimensions, and by the permissive, -control factor consisting of permissive-permissive, permissive-control, control-permissive, and control-control dimension. Children's data were collected with an individualized interview in which children were asked to judge moral and social conventional transgression events. 30 children were assigned to each of the maternal/teacher attitude dimensions; thus, there were 120 children for each factor. Results showed that (1) the affection-affection cohort was must strongly related to moral rules using both the seriousness criterion and deserved punishment criterion, and (2) the permissive-permissive cohort was most strongly related to reasoning and action. However, this cohort did not break out of children's structural limitation (limited responses to the intangible).

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 1997

The purpose in this study was to review the travel characteristics of the left-turn signal system on the signalized intersections under the study in Pusan area, construct the appropriate transportation systems under the different left-turn signal system : Protected Left-Turn signal system, Permissive Left-Turn signal system, and Protected-Permissive Left-Turn signal system based upon the travel characteristics reviewed, and finally suggest the optimal left-turn signal system which could reduce traffic delay and fuel consumption. and also improve traffic safety on the signalized intersections based upon the optimal transportation system constructed. Based upon the results, it was concluded that the Protected-Permissive Left-Turn signal system would be better and safer than the Permissive Left-Turn signal system in the aspects which could reduce decrease delay and fuel consumption, and simultaneously increase traffic safety on the signalized intersections, even if the optimal Permissive Left Turn signal system was found to be the best left-turn signal system in the aspects of the Measures of Effectiveness(MOE) on the intersections under the study.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2015

PURPOSES : This study evaluated the feasibility of implementing protected-permissive left-turn (PPLT) signals at three-leg signalized intersections. METHODS: A three-leg signalized intersection with permissive left-turn was first selected. A VISSIM simulation model was constructed using data collected from the test site. The VISSIM network was calibrated by adjusting related parameter values in order to minimize the difference between the simulated and surveyed critical gap. The calibrated network was validated by the number of waiting left-turning vehicles per cycle. Finally, the mobility and safety measures were extracted from simulation runs in which permissive, protected left turns as well as PPLTs were realized based on diverse traffic volume scenarios. RESULTS : The mobility-related measures of effectiveness (MOEs) of the case with PPLT outperformed the other two left-turn treatment scenarios. In particular, the average waiting time per cycle for the left-turn vehicles in the case with PPLT was reduced by 30 s. The safety-related MOEs of the case with PPLT were somewhat higher than those in the case with protected left-turns and much higher than those in the case with permissive left-turns. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the mobility- and safety-related MOEs generated from the VISSIM simulation runs, the use of PPLT seems to be feasible at three-leg signalized intersections where the left-turn is permissive and a pedestrian signal exists at the conflicting approach. However, in order to use the PPLT in earnest, it is necessary to revise the road traffic act, traffic signs, and related manuals.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2011

경찰청에서는 교통운영체계 선진화 방안의 일환으로 "비보호 좌회전" 운영 확대를 추진하고 있으며, 현재 기존 연구자료 및 편람 상 비보호좌회전 허용준거로는 교통사고건수, 차로수, 보행자교통량, 시계확보, 비보호 좌회전 차로수, 교통량(비보호 좌회전 교통량 ${\times}$ 대향직진 교통량) 등 6가지 세부기준이 제시되어있다. 그러나 실무적인 입장에서 비보호 좌회전 차량의 안전하고 원활한 통행을 확보하기 위해 무엇보다 대향 직진 교통류의 차량 사이에 일정 수준 이상의 시간적 간격(Gap-time)이 확보되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 교통류간(차량간) 행태를 고려한 미시적 측면인 간격수락 개념이 준거기준으로 반영되어야 한다는 전제를 두고 비보호 좌회전으로 운영중인 서울시내 6개 교차로를 대상으로 현황조사 및 동영상 촬영을 통해 비보호 좌회전 차량군의 교차로 통과시간값(T1)과 대향직진 차량군 사이의 Gap-time값(T2)과의 관계를 조사 분석하여 두 값 사이의 관계를 통계적 과정을 통해 유추하였다. 또한 표본수 부족의 한계를 극복하기 위해 미시적 분석 프로그램인 Vissim 을 이용한 모형분석을 통해 두 값 사이의 관계를 추가 분석하였다. 이에 교통운영체계 선진화 연구보고서에서 제시한 준거(안)과 더불어 비보호 좌회전 운영을 위한 새로운 기준으로 T1 값에 따른 적정 T2값 모형제시(T1값 - T2값 Table)를 통해 효율적인 비보호 좌회전 운영 확대에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대해본다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2008

This study examined relationships between parenting attitudes and young children's injury risk behavior by age and gender. Subjects were 161 3- to 5-year old children and their parents. Instruments were the revised Parenting Attitudes Questionnaire (Reitman et al., 2002) and the Injury Behavior Checklist (Speltz et al., 1990). Data were analyzed by MANOV A. Results were that: 1) Fathers were more permissive to daughters; mothers were more permissive to younger children. 2) Older children had more injury risk behaviors than younger children; boys engaged in more injury risk behaviors than girls. 3) Fathers' authoritarian and mothers' permissive attitudes were positively related to children's injury risk behavior, respectively. Fathers' and mothers' authoritative attitudes were negatively related to children's injury risk behavior.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2014

Baculoviruses base vectors come to be regarded as methods for in vivo gene delivery and transient expression to the silkworm. In the case of silkworm, B. mori, two types of baculoviruses, AcNPV (Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus) and BmNPV (Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus), are potentially applicable as vectors. Recently, AcNPV showed promising results with some silkworm strains despite different host-specificities. We searched for a highly-permissive silkworm strain in the B. mori stocks of Kyungpook National University that could produce high levels of recombinant protein. Seventy strains were screened using the recombinant AcNPV/BmA3-Luc virus. Based on the measured luciferase activity, the strains could be divided into three groups, high-, middle-, and low-permissive strains, according to their relative recombinant protein expression levels. At 48 hours post-injection, the luciferase activity in the high-permissive strains was 500-fold greater than that of the low-permissive strains. At 72 hours post-injection, a significant elevation in luciferase activity was observed in the hemocytes of all strains. Then, based on the above results, the High Permissive Strain (HPS) S10 and the Low Permissive Strain (LPS) S39 were pick up and was carried out Dot blotting, RT-PCR and Real time PCR.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권5D호
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• pp.663-669
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 좌회전베이가 있는 신호교차로에서 비보호좌회전 신호체계운영에 따른 적정 좌회전 대기차로 길이를 산정하였다. 대기행렬이론을 이용한 시뮬레이션 분석을 통하여 좌회전 대기차로 길이를 산정하였다. 교통량은 교통안전시설실무편람의 비보호좌회전 시행기준에 준거하였으며, 각각의 좌회전 도착률, 서비스율, 좌회전 평균 대기시간, 녹색시간동안 평균대기차량대수, 적색시간동안 평균대기차량대수, 주기당 평균대기차량대수를 구하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 좌회전베이가 있는 신호교차로에서 비보호좌회전으로 운영될 경우 얼마나 충분한 좌회전 대기공간이 확보되어야 하는지 알아보고, 비보호좌회전 신호체계운영에 따른 좌회전 대기차로 길이 산정에 대한 방법론을 대기행렬이론을 이용하여 제시하고자 하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2014

Recombinant proteins can be generated quickly and easily in large amounts and at low-cost in silkworm larvae by using Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). We searched for high-permissive silkworm strains that have high production levels of heterologous proteins and are thus suitable for use as biofactories. In this study, we performed the analysis using a BmNPV vector expressing luciferase as a marker, and we confirmed protein expression by evaluating luciferase activity, determined by western blotting and luciferase ELISA, and confirmed transcription expression by semi- and quantitative real time PCR. For the selection of host silkworm strains, we first chose 52 domestic BmNPV sensitive strains and then identified 10 high-permissive and 5 low-permissive strains. In addition, to determine which hybrid of the high-permissive strains would show heterosis, nine strains derived through three-way crossing were tested for luciferase activity by western blotting, and luciferase ELISA. We found a correlation between luciferase activity and luciferase protein expression, but not transcription. There was no noticeable difference in protein expression levels between Jam313 as the high-permissive control strain and the three-way hybrid strains; however, the three-way cross strains showed lower luciferase activity compared with Jam313. In this study, luciferase protein production in the larvae of 52 domestic silkworm strains was elucidated using BmNPV.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2002

The objective of the study was to clarify the mechanism of persistent infection of marine birnavirus (MABV) in various nonpermissive cell lines. It was observed in CHSE-214, RTG-2 and RSBK-2 that the virus produced at high yield with typical cytopathic effect (CPE). On the contrary, the CPE was not produced in EPC, FHM and BF-2 cells. However amount of virus protein in both permissive and nonpermissive cell lines detected by ELISA was almost the same. Electron microscopy showed virions in permissive cells but not in nonpermissive cells. From the results, it is clear that virus protein and RNA were produced in nonpermissive cells as observed in permissive cells; however, assembly of the virus particles did not occur in nonpermissive cells.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2004

The subjects of this investigation were 393 fourth and fifth graders from two elementary schools in Seoul and parents of these children. The level of fathers' emotional separation from the family of origin was higher than that of mothers'. Mothers were more warm acceptant and rejective restrictive than fathers; fathers were more permissive neglectful than mothers. Both fathers and mothers were more rejective restrictive of girls than of boys. Mothers with high scores in emotional separation from family of origin were more warm acceptant to their children and less rejective restrictive than those with low scores. Fathers with high scores in emotional cut off from the family of origin were more permissive neglectful behavior of their children than fathers with low scores.