• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.491-504
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• 2000

This paper is a presentation of a physical model for the elastic-partly plastic behavior of rectangular hollow section pinned struts subjected to static cyclic axial loading and the evaluation of the compressive strength of retrofitted damaged struts. Retrofitting is achieved by welding stiffening plates along the webs of damaged struts. The shape of the elastic and permanent deformations of the strut axis satisfy the conditions at the ends and midspan. Continuous functions of the geometric variables of stress distributions in the yielded zone are evaluated by interpolation between three points along each partly plastic zone. Permanent deformations of the partly plastic region are computed and used to update the shape of the unloaded strut. The necessity of considering geometric nonlinearity is discussed. The sensitivity of the results to the location of interpolation points, the shape of the permanent deformation and material hysteretic properties is investigated.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 전편의 논문에서 제시한 힌지연결부를 갖는 쉘해석모델을 이용하여 변수연구를 수행하였다. 주요변수에는 중차량 통과에 의하여 발생한 원지반의 영구변형 폭, 되메움, 강재매트의 등가두께 및 강재매트의 이방성 특성이 고려되었다. 이러한 주요변수들이 롤타입강재매트의 수직처짐, 회전변위 및 모멘트와 응력에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 차륜하중에 의하여 발생한 동토의 영구소성변형으로 인하여 매우 큰 수직처짐과 허용휨인장강도를 초과하는 인장응력이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 문제는 되메움 또는 강재매트의 등가두께를 증가시킴으로서 쉽게 해결될 수 있다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2016

In the present study, bulk anisotropic nanocrystalline $SmCo_5$ magnets were prepared by hot deformation. The effect of deformation temperature on the texture and magnetic properties are presented, based on which the mechanism of plastic deformation and texture formation during the hot deformation process is discussed. Our analyses reveal that deformation temperature is one of the most important parameters that determine the texture of $SmCo_5$ grains. We suggest that diffusion creep plastic deformation occurs during hot deformation, which is very sensitive to the energy gain provided by an increase in temperature.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1422-1430
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• 1995

Al6061 alloy reinforced with 15 volume% of Saffil fibers was fabricated by squeeze infiltration method. Uniform distribution of reinforcements and good bondings between reinforcements and matrix alloy were found in the microstructure of composites. Comparing with A16061 matrix alloy, tensile strength and elastic modulus of $Al_{2}$O$_{3}$/Al composites were increased up to 26% and 31%, respectively. Cyclic deformation and fatigue behavior of $Al_{2}$O$_{3}$/Al metal matrix composites were studied. The specimens were cycled using tension-tension(R=0.1) loading and under load controlled fatigue test. Cyclic stress-displacement curve through fatigue test was obtained. Fatigue strength of $Al_{2}$O$_{3}$/Al composites was about 200 MPa, i.e.0.55 of applied stress level(q). During fatigue test, $Al_{2}$O$_{3}$/Al composites displayed cyclic hardening at all applied stress levels. The most of resultant displacement due to permanent plastic deformation occurred in less than the first 5% of fatigue life. Displacement-to-failure of the fatigue test was smaller than that of the tensile test because of accumulative damage by cumulative plastic deformation.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2000
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• pp.184-191
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• 2000

In this research, a numerical model is developed for analysis of buried pipelines considering longitudinal permanent ground deformation(PGD) due to liquefaction induced lateral spreading. Buried pipelines and surrounding soil are medeled as continuous pipelines using the beam elements and a series of elasto-plastic springs uniformly distributed along the pipelines, respectively. Idealized various PGD patte군 based on the observation of PGD are used as a loading configuration and the length of the lateral spread zone is considered as a loading parameter. Numerical results are verified with other research results and efficient applicability of developed procedure is shown. Analyses are performed by varying different parameters such as PGD pattern, pipe diameter and pipe thickness. Results show that response of buried pipelines are more affected by pipe thickness than pipe diameter. Finally, the critical length of the lateral spread zone and the critical magnitude of PGD which cause yielding, local buckling or tension failure are proposed for the steel pipe which are normally used in Korea.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권10호
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• pp.1752-1758
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• 2008

This paper deals with the reduction of friction torque in permanent magnet motors by using the heat treatment of stator core. The stator core is made of electrical steel sheared by the punching die. From the punching process, large mechanical stress acting on the edge of stator tooth induces significant plastic and elastic deformation and then cause the change of magnetization properties. Then, the mechanical and magnetic unbalance in the sheared region of stator tooth produced by material cutting has influence on the friction torque. This paper investigated the effect of the punching process on the magnetization process and the mechanical deformation, and then proposed the stress relief annealing method for the reduction of friction torque among one of motor characteristics.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2017

PURPOSES : The main distress of asphalt pavements in monsoon climate regions are caused by water damage and plastic deformation due to repeated rain season and increased heavy vehicle traffic volume. In this study, the mechanical properties of polymer-modified warm mix asphalt (PWMA) materials are evaluated to use in monsoon climate regions such as Indonesia. METHODS : Comprehensive laboratory tests are conducted to evaluate moisture resistance and permanent deformation resistance for three different asphalt mixtures such as the Indonesian conventional hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixture, the polymer-modified asphalt mixture, and the polymer-modified warm mix asphalt (PWMA) mixture. Dynamic immersion test and indirect tensile strength ratio test are performed to evaluate moisture resistance. The wheel tracking test is performed to evaluate rutting resistance. Additionally, the Hamburg wheel tracking test is performed to evaluate rutting and moisture resistances simultaneously. RESULTS :The dynamic immersion test results indicate that the PWMA mixture shows the highest resistance to moisture. The indirect tensile strength ratio test indicates that TSR values of PWMA mixture, Indonesian PMA mixture, and Indonesian HMA mixture show 87.2%, 84.1%, and 67.9%, respectively. The wheel tracking test results indicate that the PWMA mixture is found to be more resistant to plastic deformation than the Indonesian PMA. The dynamic stability values are 2,739 times/mm and 3,150 times/mm, respectively. Moreover, the Hamburg wheel tracking test results indicate that PWMA mixture is more resistant to plastic deformation than Indonesian PMA and HMA mixtures. CONCLUSIONS :Based on limited laboratory test results, it is concluded that rutting resistance and moisture susceptibility of the PWMA mixture is superior to Indonesian HMA and Indonesian PMA mixtures. It is postulated that PWMA mixture would be suitable for climate and traffic conditions in Indonesia.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.124-128
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• 2022

NdFeB magnets have been positioned as the core materials in advanced technologies such as MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), FA (factory automation system), robot, motors, and so on based on the highest magnetic properties. To effectively improve the refined microstructure, the plastic deformation has been known as the good alternatives by the recrystallization. However, it has been regarded as being impossible because of the few slip systems in the RE-Fe-B magnets at room temperature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of control of grain refinement and magnetic anisotropy of NdFeB alloy powder by the severe plastic deformation. The NdFeB magnet powder was fabricated by gas atomization process, and the powder was pre-compacted at high temperature. The pre-compacted billets were deformed by HPT (high pressure torsion), and then the deformed billets were observed microstructure and magnetic properties. After the HPT process at room temperature, the grain size decreased with increasing because of the melted Nd-rich phase, and the anisotropy of Nd₂Fe₁₄B phase was formed after the HPT process.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.64-75
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• 2017

철도궤도 상부 흙노반은 궤광으로부터 전달된 열차하중을 지지하고 분산하는 기능을 갖는다. 성토체의 일반적인 흙노반은 흙재료를 다짐하여 조성하며 차량 반복하중에 의해 공용중 잔류침하가 발생하는 데 일정부분 기여한다. 흙노반의 잔류침하는 회복불가능한 영구변형이어서 궤도틀림 등 궤도 안전성을 크게 저하시킨다. 그럼에도 불구하고 현재까지 흙노반재료에 대한 역학적 시험을 바탕으로 합리적인 잔류침하 관리기준이 제시된 바 없다. 반면에 흙노반의 현장관리 및 판정기준은 강성평가 또는 현장들밀도시험에 의해서만 이루어지고 있어 불합리하다. 본 연구에서는 흙노반이 경험하는 전단응력비(${\tau}/{\tau}_f$)와 구속압(${\sigma}_3$)을 수치해석을 통해 구하고 이를 반영한 실내 흙노반 영구변형시험방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 시험방법을 이용하여 대표적인 철도건설현장 흙노반 재료로 만든 다짐시편에 대하여 반복삼축시험을 실시하였으며 이로부터 향후 잔류침하의 추정에 활용할 수 있는 기본 영구변형예측모델 모델계수를 구속압 및 전단응력비 수준별로 제시할 수 있었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 국내에서 주로 발생하는 소성변형에 대한 아스팔트 혼합물의 성능개선을 위해 분말형 및 액상형 재료를 혼합한 복합 개질제를 이용하였다. 주요 구성 물질은 분말형인 규조토, 운모 및 카본블랙, 액상형 고형분 70% SBR(Styrene-Butanaiene Rubber) 라텍스 등을 이용하였다. 시험에 사용된 2종류의 표층용 혼합물에 대한 인장강도비는 국토교통부(2017) 아스팔트 혼합물 생산 및 시공지침 기준인 0.80 이상을 만족하였다. 복합개질제를 첨가한 경우 건조상태에서의 인장강도 증가효과가 약 14% 이상 나타났다. 휠트레킹 시험 하중에 의한 분당변형속도는 0.07-0.14 정도로 복합 개질제 사용 시 분당 변형속도가 개선되었고, 동적안정도의 경우 295에서 590으로 거의 100% 정도 향상되었다. 또한, 최종 침하량은 11.38mm에서 9.57mm로 저감되었다. 동삼축압축시험을 이용한 소성변형 시험결과, 2단계 구간이 끝나고 3단계 소성변형파괴구간에 진입하는 변형량의 크기는 평균 1.50mm에서 1.76mm,나타났다. 또한, 2단계 구간의 시간당 변형 기울기는 기존 아스팔트 혼합물은 0.007 mm/sec 이고, 복합 개질제를 혼합한 아스팔트 혼합물의 평균기울기는 0.005 mm/sec 정도로 도로포장체가 안정적인 공용성능을 발휘하는 구간에서 교통하중에 의한 소성변형 속도가 상대적으로 작음을 알 수 있다.