• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.450-456
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• 2004

Guillain-Barre syndrome, or acute inflammatory polyneuritis, is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks parts of the peripheral nervous system. The causes and mechanisms of this syndrome are unknown. Typically, Guillain-Barre syndrome can be diagnosed from the patient's symptoms and physical examination such as the rapid onset of weakness, paralysis and loss of reflexes. The analysis of CSF and electrical tests on nerve and muscle function can be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Most cases occur shortly after a viral infection. This is a clinical report about one patient suspected as having Guillain-Barre syndrome. The patient, a 62-year-old man had weakness in both legs after gastroduodenal disease. His weakness and general condition improved after Korean medical treatments, so this is reported as a potential treatment.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.509-519
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• 2013

Through the study on judgment of Body form and settle Energy flow(立形定氣) before diagnose the patients, the results are as follows. The observation of the body form is to determine prosperity and deficiency of each internal organ. It is necessary to distinguish Body form loss(形脫) and Body form fullness(形充). Fat man(肥人), Thin man(瘦人), Creamy man(膏人), Muscular man(肉人), Small Fat man(脂人) are discriminated by fat distribution, fat content, and muscle mass. The observation of the body form means the observation of structure disorder, color change, develop part at body, head and face. The observation of the body form that is to determine prosperity and deficiency of each internal organ is from the limited knowledge of the anatomy. The observation of face color is considered by blood perfusion, blood oxygenation and accumulation of carotinoid, bilirubin and change of melanin in the facial skin. The prosperity and the deficiency of energy flow is considered by symptom combined with growth (<40 years) and aging (>40 years). The prosperity of energy flow includes the anger, anxious emotion and the deficiency of energy flow includes the fear, depressive emotion. The breathing type is expiratory exhalation like asthma patients in the prosperity of energy flow. The deficiency of energy flow is weakness to overcome the disease. The prosperity and the deficiency of energy flow are considered by body metabolic ratios (Basal metabolic Rate: BMR, Resting metabolic rate: RMR, Physical activity ratios: PASs). Development of subcutaneous fat is good in the person of prosperous energy flow. The person of prosperous energy flow is hard to overcome to heat weather than cold weather. The person of deficiency of energy flow has tendencies of low blood pressure, insufficiency of blood flow in the peripheral and being shocked. The person of deficiency of energy flow has tendencies of chronic fatigue syndrome or automatic nerve disorder. If the patient who has deficiency of energy flow has severe weight loss should be checked for the presence of disease. The observation of small and large of bone is to check the development and disorder of bone growth and aging. The observation of thickness and weakness of muscle is to check the development of muscle, particularly biceps, gastrocnemius, and rectus abdominal muscle. The observation of thickness and weakness of skin is to check the ability of regulating body temperature by sweating.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.225-229
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• 2009

Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a disorder that is characterized by asthma, hypereosinophilia and systemic vasculitis affecting a number of organs. The manifestations of acute cholecystitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage are rarely reported in CSS. A 22-year-old woman with bronchial asthma visited our hospital complaining of right upper quadrant pain with a sudden onset. The abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed gall bladder edema consistent with acute cholecystitis. On the initial evaluation, marked hypereosinophilia was observed in the peripheral blood smear. The nerve conduction velocity measurements and a skin biopsy performed to confirm the organ involvement of disease indicated typical mononeuritis multiplex and necrotizing vasculitis, respectively, which was complicated with CSS. On the 12th hospital day, ground glass opacity and consolidations were newly developed on both lung fields. The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid showed increasing bloody return in sequential aliquots that were characteristic of a diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. We report a case of CSS with acute cholecystitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.199-211
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• 2003

Objective : This is clinical report about the Wei syndrome(?證)-patient diagnosed as Guillian-Barre syndrome. Guillain-Barre syndrome(GBS), what is called acute inflammatory polyneuritis, is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks parts of peripheral nervous system. GBS is subclassified into acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy(AIDP), acute motor or motor-sensory axonal neuropathy(AMAN, AMSAN), and the other variants. The cause and mechanism of this syndrome are unknown yet. The typical Guillain-Barre syndrome could be diagnosed by the patient's syndroms and physical exams as the rapid onset of weakness, paralysis and loss of reflexes. The analysis of CSF and electrical test of nerve and muscle function can be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Most of the cases usually occur shortly after a viral infection. Method & Result : This is the clinical report about the one patient daignosed as Guillain-Barre syndrome. The patient, 9-year-old girl had the hemiparesis after upper respiratory infection. We characterized her as Wei syndrom(?證). The patient was treated by acupunture, indirect moxibustion, herb medication(通竅湯 加味方, 四物湯合檳蘇散 加味方) and had significant improvement in the Wei syndrome(?證). Conclusion : We report that we had good effects of oriental medical treatment on Guillain-Barre syndrome.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.410-415
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• 2014

Purpose: Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by an NF1 gene mutation. NF1 is also a multisystem disorder that primarily affects the skin and nervous system. The goal of this study was to delineate the phenotypic characterization and assess the NF1 mutational spectrum in patients with NF1. Methods: A total of 42 patients, 14 females and 28 males, were enrolled in this study. Clinical manifestations and results of the genetic study were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Age of the patients at the time of NF1 diagnosis was $15.8{\pm}14.6$ years (range, 1-62 years). Twelve patients (28.6%) had a family history of NF1. Among the 42 patients, $Caf\acute{e}$-au-lait spots were shown in 42 (100%), neurofibroma in 31 (73.8%), freckling in 22 (52.4%), and Lisch nodules in seven (16.7%). The most common abnormal finding in the brain was hamartoma (20%). Mental retardation was observed in five patients (11.9%), seizures in one patient (2.4%), and plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) in four patients (9.5%). One patient with PNFs died due to a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the chest cavity. Genetic analysis of seven patients identified six single base substitutions (three missense and three nonsense) and one small deletion. Among these mutations, five (71.4%) were novel (two missense mutations: p.Leu1773Pro, p.His1170Leu; two nonsense mutations: $p.Arg2517^*$, $p.Cys2371^*$; one small deletion: $p.Leu1944Phefs^*6$). Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of 42 Korean patients with NF1 were extremely variable and the mutations of the NF1 gene were genetically heterogeneous with a high mutation-detection rate.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 2002

Churg-Strauss syndrome(CSS) is a systemic vascular disorder that has an unknown cause with multiorgan involvement and diverse presentations. The three main histologically distinct phases were necrotizing vasculitis, tissue eosinophilia and extravascular granulomas. A diagnosis of CSS can be made on four or more of the following six criteria : 1) asthma, 2) peripheral eosinophilia >10% on the differential leukocyte count, 3) mononeuropathy (including multiple) or polyneuropathy, 4) paranasal sinus abnormalities, 5) nonfixed pulmonary infiltrates and 6) biopsy evidence of extravascular eosinophils in the skin, the nerves, or the lungs. CSS has a good prognosis with systemic steroid therapy. The 5 year survival is approximately 70%. We experienced a 66-year-old man who presented with cough, sputum, edema and numbness in both legs. He presented with all of the 6 CSS criteria. A nerve and muscle biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Here, we report this case with a review of the relevant literatures.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.102-107
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• 2005

Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. It is disorder in which the body's immune system, attacks parts of the peripheral nervous system. It is characterized by the rapid onset of weakness, paralysis of the legs, arms, breathing muscles and face. But the analysis of CSF and electrical tests on nerve and muscle function can be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Most cases occur shortly after a viral infection. This is a clinical ease report on Cuillain-Barre Syndrome with diplopia. The patient, a 52-year-old man had a weakness in both legs and diplopia. His weakness and diplopia improved after oriental medical treatment, so this is reported as a potential treatment. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects on oriental medicine therapy on Guillain-Barre Syndrome with diplopia. Methods & Result: The Clinical data was analyzed on a patient with Cuillain-Barre Syndrome whose main symptoms were diplopia. The patient was treated by acupuncture and oriental medicine. As a result, symptoms was improved remarkably. Conclusion: The patient showed weakness and diplopia. After acupuncture and oriental medicine treatment, weakness and diplopia was improved in 4weeks after visit to clinic. The study suggests that oriental medicine treatment is effective on Cuillain-Barre Syndrome.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.1 s.37
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• pp.26-33
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• 1992

The carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndromes. The typical symptoms are pain, numbness and paresthesia in the median nerve territory of the hand. Recently, it is widely recognized that occupational factor is regarded as the important cause of the carpal tunnel syndrome. Clinical study is performed in the 42 female workers who is repetitively working at packing department in a rayon manufacturing factory from November 1991 till March 1992. The study included a questionnaire, physical examinations, and the neurophysiological test. The summary of the results obtained was as follows : 1. Among 42 packing workers, 9 workers(21.4%) were diagnosed as carpal tunnel syndrome by electromyography. The affected side was bilateral in 4 workers(9.5%), right in 4 workers(9.5%), and left in one worker(2.4%). 2. Among 42 subjects, 28 workers(66.7%) complained the clinical symptoms related to carpal tunnel syndrome, 11 workers(26.2%) showed positive Phalen sign, and 7 workers(16.7%) showed positive Tinel sign. 3. Researchers regard electromyographic finding as the gold standard for diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. The sensitivity and specificity of the clinical symptoms to diagnose the carpal tunnel syndrome were 0.89, 0.39 respectively. If the carpal tunnel syndrome is diagnosed by the combination of the positive findings of the symptoms and the physical examinations, either Tinel or Phalen sign, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.67 and 0.76 respectively. Considering above results, though this small number of workers is not adequate for epidemiologic conclusions, carpal tunnel syndrome seems to be an important occupational disorder among packing workers in a rayon manufacturing factory.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.194-198
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• 2015

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a chronically progressive or relapsing symmetric sensorimotor disorder presumed to occur because of immunologic antibody-mediated reactions. To understand the clinical courses of CIDP, we report variable CIDP courses in children with respect to initial presentation, responsiveness to medical treatment, and recurrence interval. Four patients who were diagnosed with acute-onset and relapsing CIDP courses at Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea, were enrolled in this retrospective study. We diagnosed each patient on the basis of the CIDP diagnostic criteria developed in 2010 by the European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society Guidelines. We present the cases of four pediatric patients diagnosed with CIDP to understand the variable clinical course of the disease in children. Our four patients were all between 8 and 12 years of age. Patients 1 and 2 were diagnosed with acute cerebellar ataxia or Guillain-$Barr{\acute{e}}$ syndrome as initial symptoms. While patients 1 and 4 were given only intravenous dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg/day) for 5 days at the first episode, Patients 2 and 3 were given a combination of intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg) and dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg/day). All patients were maintained with oral prednisolone at 30 mg/day, but their clinical courses were variable in both relapse intervals and severity. We experienced variable clinical courses of CIDP in children with respect to initial presentation, responsiveness to medical treatment, and recurrence interval.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

Background and Objectives : Dysarthria refers to speech disorder that causes difficulties in speech communication due to paralysis, muscle weakening, and incoordination of speech muscle mechanism caused by damaged central or peripheral nerve system. Pitch, strength and speed are influenced by dysarthria during detonation due to difficulties in muscle control. As evaluation items, alternate motion rate and diadochokinesis have been commonly used, and articulation is also an important evaluation items. The purpose of this study is to find acoustic characteristics on sound production of dysarthria patients. Materials and Methods : Research subjects have been selected as 20 dysarthria patients and 20 subjects for control group, and voice sample was composed of bilabial, alveolar sound, and velar sound in diadochokinetic rate, while consonant articulation test was composed of bilabial plosive, alveolar plosive, velar plosive. Analysis items were composed of 1) speaking rate, energy, articulation time of diadochokinesis, 2) voice onset time (VOT), total duration (TD), vowel duration (VD), hold of plosives. Results and Conclusions : The number of diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria was smaller than control group. Both control group and dysarthria group was highly presented in the order of /t/>/p/>/k/. Minimum energy range per cycle during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was smaller than control group, and presented statistical significance in /p/, /k/, /ptk/. Maximum energy range was larger than control group, and presented statistical significance in /t/, /ptk/. Articulation time, gap, total articulation time during diadochokinetic rate of dysarthria group was longer than control group and presented statistical significance. The articulation time was presented in both control group and dysarthria group in the order of /k/>/t/>/p/, while Gap was presented in the order of /p/>/t/>/k/ for control group and /p/>/k/>/t/ for dysarthria group. VOT, TD, VD regarding plosives of dysarthria group were longer than control group. Hold showed large deviation compared to control group that had appeared due to declined larynx and articulation organ motility.