• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.221-227
• /
• 1990

The aqueous extract of fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) contains a macromolecular fraction that showed mitogenic and co-mitogenic activities in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Purification of the crude extract by size (ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-200) and charge (DEAE-cellulose, DEAE-Sepharose) yielded a semi.purified fraction (DS-3). This fraction contains at least three subgroups of anionic macromolecules with apparent molecular weight greater than 600 kilodaltons. It is a glycoprotein with a large amount of glucuronic acid. It acts as a mitogen in both T and B cells of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. It could also potentiate the mitogenic action of Concanavalin A in lymphocyte T cells. Such potentiation is not due to increased binding of Concanavalin A to the cell surface. Its mitogenic and co-mitogenic effects do depend on the presence of extracellular Ca2+.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 1979

This study was attempted to investigate the pharmacological action, especially depressor action of Phellodendri cortex and to elucidate the mechanism of its action, making use of Phellodendri cortex methanol extract (PCME) because its hypotensive action is not clear. Influence of PCME on the blood pressure of the rabbits and cats were observed in this study. PCME, when given intravenously in the rabbits and cats, elicited the hypotensive action, but intraventricular PCME in the rabbits did not show depressor action. Accumulation and tachyphylaxis by PCME administered into the ear-vein of the rabbits were not shown. Depressor effect of PCME in the rabbits was attenuated significantly by pretreatment with phentolamine, guanethidine, chorisondamine and atropine, but not by propranolol, diphenhydramine, cyproheptadine and vagotomization. The pressor activity of angiotensin was unimpaired after injection of maximal hypotensive doses (100mg/kg) of PCME, but the pressor activity of norepinephrine and carotid occlusion was abolished markedly. In addition, PCME given into jugular vein of the cats weakened norepinephrine pressor responses and caused the reversal of epinephrine pressor responses. These results suggest that the hypotensive action of PCME may be due to dual mechanisms by interference with peripheral sympathetic function, alpha adrenoceptor blocking action, and peripheral parasympathomimetics action, muscarinic action.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this study is to detect certain change in peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in women with premature ovarian failure. The B cells, T cells and subsets were counted in 21 women with premature ovarian failure and 30 age-matched normal control women. The B cells were measured by identifying lymphocyte with surface membrane immunoglobulin and T cells and subsets by indirect immunofluorescence technique with the monoclonal antibodies OK T3, OK T4, and OK T8. The results were as follows. 1. No significant difference in the absolute number of B cells, T cells and subsets between women with premature ovarian failure and normal control women was observed. 2. The percentage of B cells, T cells and OK T8(+) cells in women with premature ovarian failure was not significantly different from that in normal control subjects respectively. 3. The percentage of OK T4(+) cells and OK T4/0K T8(+) ratio was significantly higher in women with premature ovarian failure than in control subjects.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.239-246
• /
• 1988

Pure red cell aplasia is uncommon disorder characterized by finding of anemia, absence of nucleated red blood cell in the marrow, absence of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood and normal peripheral platelet and leukocytes counts. We experienced one case of pure red cell aplasia associated with hemolytic anemia characterized by hemoglobinuria, reticulocytopenia, and erythroid hypoplasia of the bone marrow. The cause of the illness was not definitely identified, but we concluded that this patient had simultaneous occurence of PRCA and hemolytic anemia following administration of diphenylhydan. toin after craniotomy rather than virus or bacteria induced. The simultaneous occurance of PRCA and hemolytic anemia is uncommon and the mechanism for diphenylhydantoin induced PRCA and hemolytic anemia is unclear.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.7645-7649
• /
• 2013

Background: Immune functions and their relation to prognosis in breast cancer patients have become areas of great interest in recent years. Correlations between survival outcomes and peripheral blood flow cytometry parameters are therefore of interest. Here we focused on patients with non-metastatic breast cancer (BC). Materials and Methods: A total of 29 patients with pathological confirmed breast carcinoma and flow cytometry data were assessed for overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Results: The median age of the patients was 54 years (range, 29-83). Multivariate analysis revealed that OS was significantly associated with absolute cytotoxic T cell count (95%CI, coef 2.26, p=0.035), tumor size (95%CI, coef -14.5, p 0.004), chemotherapy (95%CI, coef 12.9, p 0.0001), MFI of CD4 (95%CI, coef -5.1, P 0.04), MFI of HLA DR (95%CI, coef -5.9, p 0.008) and tumor grade (95%CI, coef -13, P 0.049) with R-Sq(adj)=67%. Similar findings were obtained for PFS. Conclusions: OS and PFS were significantly associated with tumor grade, tumor size, chemotherapy, MFI of CD4, HLA DR and absolute cytotoxic T cell count. The study revealed that MFI of basic CD markers and absolute cytotoxic T cell number may be a prognostic factors in women with non-metastatic BC.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 1991

The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) has been established recently as a sympathoexcitatory area. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the somatosympathetic pressor and/or depressor responses are mediated through RVLM in cats anesthetized with ${\alpha}-chloralose$. An occipital craniectomy was performed and ventrolateral medulla were stimulated either electrically or chemically to evoke changes in arterial blood pressure. And then the effect of lesions in the ventrolateral medulla on the changes in blood pressure elicited by the peripheral nerve stimulation was observed. Followings are the results obtained: 1) Pressor areas were found in the ventrolateral medulla, lateral reticular nucleus and rostral dorsal area. 2) Depressor areas were found mainly in the ventrolateral medulla rostral to the pressor areas. 3) Some areas showed biphasic responses: a depressor response to lower frequency and a pressor response to higher frequency stimulation. 4) After electrical lesion in pressor area in RVLM, the somatosympathetic pressor response was abolished or depressed markedly. The somatosympathetic depressor response, however, remained after the lesion. 5) Electrical lesion in the depressor area abolished somatosympathetic depressor response. From the above results it is concluded that somatosympathetic pressor response is mediated through RVLM, while somatosympathetic depressor response is not mediated through RVLM.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.365-376
• /
• 2006

To identify immune response of leukocytes in peripheral blood of cattle vaccinated with an attenuated live Akabane virus vaccine, leukocytes were reacted with monoclonal antibodies which are specific to bovine lymphocyte surface antigens and assayed by the flow cytometry. Serum neutralizing (SN) test was used to measure antibody titers after vaccination, SN antibody was appeared to 7 days post-vaccination (PV) and 2-8 antibody titers were observed in 14 days PV. Proportion of $CD8^-$ MHC $class II^+$ expressing cells were rapidly increased at 3 days PV. $CD8^+$ MHC $class II^-$ cells were increased at 7 days PV. $CD4^+CD8^-,\;WC^+CD4^-,\;CD4^+CD8^+,\;WC1^-CD4^+, \;WC1^-CD8^+$, and $CD4^-CD8^+$ cells were highly increased at 3, 3, 7, 7, 14, 14 days PV, respectively.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2002

Falun Gong (FG) is an advanced system of cultivation and practice, which is beneficial for both mind and body. In this study we investigated the effects of FG on the production of cytokines in FG practitioner (FGP). To study whether plasma cytokines levels were affected by FG, their levels were analyzed. The amount of $interferon-{\gamma}$ $(IFN-{\gamma})$, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and IL-6 (2.5-fold for $IFN-{\gamma}$, 1.2-fold for IL-2, 2.1-fold for IL-4 and 2.5-fold for IL-6, respectively) were significantly higher in the FGP group than normal group (P<0.05). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from normal healthy control and FGP were cultured for 24 h in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide. The amount of $IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 in culture supernatant was quantified. However, there were no significant differences in the level of the same cytokines between the normal and FGP group. These data suggest that FG cultivation may contribute to immune-enhancement in vivo.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 2004

The effect of immune activation by Echinacea purpurea was investigated by measuring total immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM. and the radioprotective effect of immune activation by Echinacea purpurea was investigated by measuring T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of mice following whole body irradiation. Echinacea purpurea activated macrophages to stimulate $IFN-{\gamma}$ production in association with the secondary activation of T lymphocytes, resulting in a decrease in IgG and IgM production. Cytokines released from macrophages in mouse peripheral blood after Echinacea purpurea administration activated helper T cells to proliferate. In addition, activated macrophages in association with the secondary T lymphocyte activation increased $IFN-{\gamma}$ production and stimulated proliferation of cytotoxic T cells and suppressor T cells, indicating the activation of cell-mediated immune responses.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.21-37
• /
• 2002

Effect of Sunbangpaedoktang, which has been used for atopic dermatitis(AD), on the cytokine secretory function of monocyte, which was isolated and cultured from peripheral blood of AD patients, were evaluated. The results were as follows: 1. In AD patients, Sunbangpaedoktang exhibits statistically significant inhibitory effect on IL-4. 2. In AD patients, Sunbangpaedoktang exhibits statistically significant inhibitory effect on IL-5(p<0.05). 3. In AD patients, Sunbangpaedoktang exhibits statistically significant inhibitory effect on $IFN-{\gamma}$(p<0.01). 4. In sample group, comparing the cytokine concentration change rate of AD patients with that of NAD patients IL-4 AD patients exhibits statistically significant decrease(p<0.05).