• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.79-87
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to assess the vascular changes after thermophysical therapies using ice pack and ultrasound, investgate the mechanism of peripheral vasodilation by sympathetic nerve, and to observe the effects of the ergotamine to the thermophysical therapy. The author had used 16 healthy rabbits which were divided into 2 groups : with and without administration of ergotamine. Experimental animals were sacrificed 5, 10, 20 minutes after experiment, and were examined with gross and stereoscope of resin casting blood vessel models. The results were as follows : 1. Vasodilation was not remarkably found in the group with administration of egrotamine after thermophysical therapy. 2. Vasodilation was remarkably found in the group without administration of ergotamine after thermophysical therapy. 3. Vasodilation was increased in the group without administration of ergotamine, but not remarkably found in the group with administration of ergotamine in lapse of time 4. Thermophysical therapy was most effective to arterioles. Our data suggest that the dilation of peripheral blood vessels from thermophysical therapy was controlled by sympathetic nerve, because the blood vessels did not changed after administration of ergotamines which was a sympathetic nerve blocker.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1989

Experiments were performed on mice to investigate the influences of doxycycine and ethanol on the immune responses. Doxycycline was injected intraperitoneally and ethanol was administered in the drinking water. Mice were sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells. Immune responses were evaluated by humoral immunity, cellular immunity, peripheral circulating white blood cell and phagocyte activity. Pathotoxicological influences were measured by serum protein and albumin. The weight of spleen, thymus and liver were measured. Doxycline and ethanol combined administration decreased the weight of thymus and spleen. Humoral and cellular immune response were reduced by doxycycline administration. Especially ethanol combined administration significantly reduced humoral and cellular immune response. Phagocyte activity was increased by ethanol combined administration and peripheral circulating white blood cell was significantly increased by ethanol adminstration. Ethanol combined administration decreased serum A/G ratio.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5257-5261
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• 2013

The micronucleus frequency (MNF) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is a biomarker of chromosomal damage and genome instability in human populations.The relationship of micronucleus frequency with prognosis of patients with acute leukemia is not clear. We therefore investigated MNF in mitogen-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with hematologic diseases and solid tumours. Patients included 50 with acute leukemia, 49 diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 54 with benign blood diseases, and 45 with solid tumours, examined with 50 healthy controls. The mean MNF was significantly higher in cases of hematologic diseases and solid tumor patients than in healthy controls (P<0.001). There was no evident difference between MNF in the acute leukemia ($7.15{\pm}2.18$) and solid tumor groups ($7.11{\pm}1.47$), but both were higher than in the MDS group ($5.12{\pm}1.29$) and benign blood diseases group ($3.08{\pm}1.08$). Taking 7.15‰, the average MNF of the acute leukemia group as standard, and dividing 50 cases of acute leukemia patients into high MNF group ($MNF{\geq}7.15$‰) and low MNF group (MNF<7.15‰). The overall response (complete remission + partial remission) rates of the low MNF group were significantly higher than in the high MNF group (P=0.001). The high MNF group further showed lower overall survival rates than the low MNF group. MNF expression and progression-free survival seemed to have a opposite relationship, with a correlation coefficient of -0.702. These data indicate that MNF in peripheral blood lymphocytes is important for evaluation of prognosis of acute leukemia patients, and it can reflect progression of disease to a certain degree.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.186-201
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• 2001

Purpose ; In order to study the effect of Houttuyniae herbal acupuncture on growth of melanoma B 16 and immunity in mice, the Control group with normal saline acupunchure after subcutaneous inoculation of B16BL6 cells, the Sample I with Houttuyniae herbal acupuncture manufactured by distilled water extraction method after subcutaneous inoculation of B16BL6 cells and the Sample II with Houttuyniae herbal acupuncture manufactured by alcohol extraction method after subcutaneous inoculation of B16BL6 cells were divided. Methods ; To evauluate the effect of Houttuynias herbal acupuncture on growth of melanoma B16 in mice, the weight of mouse melanoma, body weight, spleen index( $\sqrt(Weight of spleen/Body weight){\times}100$), lymphocytes numbers in mouse peripheral blood and spleen tissue, the percentage of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in mouse peripheral blood and spleen tissue are measured. Results ; In study of the weight of mouse melanoma, Houttuyniae herbal acupuncture groups(Sample I, Sample II) showed statistically significant inhibitory effect. And in study of effect of reduction of change in body weight of mouse, Sample I showed statistically significant inhibitory effect, too. In study of reduction of spleen index, lymphocytes numbers in mouse spleen tissue, and the percentage of CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells in mouse peripheral blood, Houttuyniae herbal acupuncture groups(Sample I, Sample II ) showed with statistically significant inhibitory effect. Also, Sample I showed inhibitory effect of reduction of the percentage of CD8+ T cells in mouse peripheral blood and spleen tissue and Sample II showed inhibitory effect of reduction of the percentage of CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells in mouse spleen tissue with statistical significance. Conclusions ; The inhibitory effect of reduction of lymphocytes numbers in mouse peripheral blood and IL-2 productivity, Houttuyniae herbal acupuncture groups(Sample I, Sample II) didn't show significant effect.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2005

Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy in women with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) and elevated pre-conceptional peripheral blood CD56+Natural Killer (NK) cell percentage. Study Design: Retrospective case control study. Materials and Methods: Thirty three women with RSA and elevated pre-conceptional peripheral blood CD56+NK cell percentage who had received low-dose IVIg therapy (400 mg/kg per day, every 4 week, until 20 gestational weeks) were included in this study. Controls were nine women with RSA and elevated pre-conceptional peripheral blood CD56+ Natural Killer (NK) cell percentage who had not received IVIg therapy were included in this study. Medical records of study and control groups were retrospectively analyzed and we compared the successful pregnancy outcomes between two groups. Successful pregnancy outcome was defined as pregnancy ongoing beyond 25 gestational weeks. Results: Age, number of previous abortions, pre-conceptional CD56+NK cell percentage and type of RSA were not statistically different between two groups. Otherwise, twenty-five women who received IVIg therapy (25/33, 75.8%) but, only three women who had not received (3/9, 33.3%) had a successful pregnancy outcome and the rate difference between two groups was statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on our study, low-dose IVIg therapy have a effective role in treatment of RSA patients with elevated pre-conceptional peripheral blood CD56+ Natural Killer (NK) cell percentage, but more larger scaled prospective study is needed for available of conclusive evidence.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2000

양식 농어에 있어서 연속 채혈 스트레스는 혈장내 glucose 농도의 뚜렷한 증가 및 말초 혈액내 식세포의 chemiluminescent 반응을 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 실험어는 연속적인 스트레스에 대해 축적적인 반응을 나타내었으며, 혈장내 glucose의 농도는 스트레스 부과 시간간격에 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 혈장내 glucose의 농도와 chemiluminescent 반응간에는 통계적으로 유의적인 (P<0.05) 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.148-151
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• 2019

The dose of CD34+ cells is known to influence the outcome of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) and/or T-cell-depleted transplantation. A previous study proposed that $2{\times}10^6\;CD34+\;cells/kg$ is the ideal minimum dose for allogeneic transplantation, although lower doses did not preclude successful therapy. In the case we present here, CD34+ cells were collected from a matched sibling donor on the day of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; however, the number of cells was not sufficient for transplantation. Consequently, PBSCs were collected three additional times and were infused along with cord blood cells from the donor that were cryopreserved at birth. The cumulative dose of total nuclear cells and CD34+ cells was $15.9{\times}10^8\;cells/kg$ and $0.95{\times}10^6\;cells/kg$, respectively. White blood cells from this patient were engrafted on day 12. In summary, we report successful engraftment after infusion of multiple low doses of CD34+ cells in a patient with severe aplastic anemia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.471-478
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• 2014

Investigating gene expression of immune cells of whole blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) under polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) stimulation is valuable for understanding the immune response of organism to RNA viruses. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a standard method for quantification of gene expression studies. However, the reliability of qRT-PCR data critically depends on proper selection of reference genes. In the study, using two different analysis programs, geNorm and NormFinder, we systematically evaluated the gene expression stability of six candidate reference genes (GAPDH, ACTB, B2M, RPL4, TBP, and PPIA) in samples of whole blood and PBMC with or without poly I:C stimulation. Generally, the six candidate genes performed a similar trend of expression stability in the samples of whole blood and PBMC, but more stably expressed in whole blood than in PBMC. geNorm ranked B2M and PPIA as the best combination for gene expression normalization, while according to NormFinder, TBP was ranked as the most stable reference gene, followed by B2M and PPIA. Comprehensively considering the results from the two programs, we recommended using the geometric mean of the three genes, TBP, PPIA and B2M, to normalize the gene expression of whole blood and PBMC with poly I:C stimulation. Our study is the first detailed survey of the gene expression stability in whole blood and PBMC with or without poly I:C stimulation and should be helpful for investigating the molecular mechanism involved in porcine whole blood and PBMC in response to poly I:C stimulation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.24-36
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effects of moxibustion on cerebral blood flow, peripheral blood flow and blood pressure. Methods : We designed a randomized, cross-over study that included 20 healthy, male volunteers who were randomly assigned to one of two groups (the moxibustion group or the control group). The initial trial was followed by a washout period of one week before the groups were switched and the trial repeated. The cerebral blood flow and peripheral blood flow of the volunteers in both groups were measured by mean velocity (Vm), peak systolic velocity (Vs), pulsatility index (PI), perfusion units (PU) and mean blood pressure (BP) before the intervention (baseline), 30 minutes after the intervention, and again 60 minutes after the intervention. Results : 1. The Vm increased significantly in the moxibustion group. The Vs also constantly increased in moxibustion group, but there was no significant difference. 2. The PI decreased significantly in the control group at 0-30 minutes and in the moxibustion group at 30-60 minutes. 3. The PU constantly decreased in moxibustion group. In control group, the PU decreased at 30 minutes and increased slightly at 60 minutes. 4. The mean blood pressure did not show any significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions : This study shows that moxibustion at CV12 increased the cerebral blood flow. Based on this result, we can suggest that moxibustion at CV12 might be helpful in improving the functional recovery of stroke patients. However, further research needs to be conducted on a larger numbers of subjects in order to confirm these effects.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-65
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• 1990

The purpose of the present study was to examine the hemodynamic responses, especially in arterial and skin blood flows, in conjunction with the changes of plasma catecholamine levels as an indirect marker of adrenergic tone during the early stage of head-down tilt (HDT), and to evaluate the early physiological regulatory mechanism in simulated weightlessness. Ten mongrel dogs, weighing8\;{\sim}\;14\;kg, were intravenously anesthetized with nembutal, and postural changes were performed by using the tilting table. The postural changes were performed in the following order: supine, prone, HDT $(-6^{\circ}C)$ and lastly recovery prone position. The duration of each position was 30 minutes. The measurements were made before, during and after each postural change. The arterial blood flow $({\.{Q}})$ at the left common carotid and right brachial arteries was measured by the electromagnetic flowmeter. Blood pressure (BP) was directly measured by pressure transducer in the left brachial artery. To evaluate the peripheral blood flow, skin blood flow $({\.{Q}})$ was calculated by the percent changes of photoelectric pulse amplitude on the forepaw, and skin temperature was recorded. The peripheral vascular resistance (PR) was calculated by dividing respective mean BP values by ${\.{Q}}$ of both sides of common carotid and brachial arteries. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f) and PH, $Po_{2},\;Pco_{2}$ and hematocrit of arterial and venous blood were also measured. The concentration of plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine was measured by radioenzymatic method. The results are summarized as follows: Tilting to head-down position from prone position, HR was initially increased (p<0.05) and BP was not significantly changed. While ${\.{Q}}$ of the common carotid artery was decreased (p<0.05) and PR through the head was increased, ${\.{Q}}$ of the brachial artery was increased (p<0.05) and PR through forelimbs was decreased. ${\.{Q}}$ of the forepaw was initially increased (p<0.05) and then slightly decreased, on the whole revealing an increasing trend. Plasma norepinephrine was slightly decreased and the epinephrine was slightly increased. f was increased and arterial pH was increased (p<0.05). In conclusion, the central blood pooling during HDT shows an increased HR via Bainbridge reflex and an increased ${\.{Q}}$ of the forepaw and brachial ${\.{Q}}$, due to decreased PR which may be originated from the depressor reflex of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. It is suggested that the blood flow to the brain was adequately regulated throughout HDT $(-6^{\circ}C)$ in spite of central blood pooling. And it is apparent that the changes of plasma norepinephrine level are inversely proportional to those of ${\.{Q}}$ of the forepaw, and the changes of epinephrine level are paralleled with those of the brachial ${\.{Q}}$.