• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.423-426
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• 2022

Reconstruction of the upper lateral lip subunit is challenging, and use of several classical local flaps have been previously reported. However, these methods have drawbacks such as visible scarring, anatomic distortion, and functional disability. To obtain satisfactory results, preservation of perioral function is important. We report a case of functional upper lip reconstruction after tumor resection using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with a reinnervated anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) without sacrificing the perioral structure. A 73-year-old man presented with basal cell carcinoma on the left upper lip which was widely excised, including the orbicularis oris muscle. The remaining 4 cm × 3.5 cm defect was reconstructed using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap with ipsilateral ABDM. The motor nerve of the ABDM was sutured with the stump of the buccal branch of the ipsilateral facial nerve. The postoperative course was uneventful, and good functional and esthetic recovery were observed at 12-month follow-up. This procedure may be an alternative option for reconstruction of lateral upper lip defects.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.24 no.1 s.44
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• pp.199-220
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• 1994

This study was conducted to determine the electromyographic features in the perioral muscles of class II division 1 malocclusion with incompetent lips, and to grope the correlation between its activities and craniofacial morphology. Tn this study, 14 subjects with class II division 1 malocclusion with incompetent lips(mean age of 20.5 years) and 20 subjects with normal occlusion(mean age of 23.9 years) were investigated. Electromyographic data were recorded from orbicularis oris, mentalis, buccinator and suprahyoid muscles durig rest lip posture, lip position at sealing, maximum sealing, maximal blowing, maximal biting, sipping milk, sipping and swallowing milk, chewing gum, masticating almond, swallowing almond and phonation utilizing the Medelec MS-25 electromyographic apparatus. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken with the mandible in intercuspal position on all subjects. All data were recorded statistically processed. The findings of this study can be summerized as follows : 1. In class II division 1 malocclusion with incompetent lips, the overall augmentations of perioral muscle activities during various functionel movements set for lip sealing were manifested and particular swelling in mentalis activity at rest was detected. 2. On the other hand remarkable diminution of upper lip acitivities at lip sealing movements was drawn. 3. In Class II division 1 malocclusion with incompetent lips, negative correlations existed between the diversity of upper lip activities and upper incisor position and overjet as well in contrast to positive correlations in the lower lip. 4. It was suggested that the abnormal function of lower lip and mentalis muscle contributed somewhat the revelation of the characteristics of Class II division 1 malocclusion.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1218-1224
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• 2004

Tardive Dyskinesia(TD) may be defined as a syndrome consisting of abnormal, stereotyped involuntary movements, which occurs relatively late in the course of drug treatment and in the etiology of which the drug treatment is a necessary factor like schizophrenia, The frequently involved parts of the body in the schizophrenic patients who have TD were tongue, upper extremity, lips and perioral area, jaws, lower extremity, muscle of facial expression, trunk respectively. The last few years have seen a number of well-conducted clinical, biochemical, neuropathological, and therapeutic studies in patients with TD, but there is no satisfactory treatment for the majority of patients with TD. I used herb medicines and some acupoints like GV20(百會), Extra-point(鎭靜), Extra-point(間谷), Liv20(行間), of the chennel of Gall bladder to treated 2 schizophrenic patients with TD from December 2003 to May 2004. The patients with TD were somewhat improved. Nonetheless for just 2 cases, I might thought that this acupuncture therapy could be helpful to treat schizophrenic patients with TD.However, further studies should be followed.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 2014

Cerebral Palsy is a genetic term referring to abnormalities of motor control caused by damage to a child's brain early in the course of development. Due to the impairment of balanced perioral muscle development, the prevalence of malocclusions in patients with cerebral palsy such as maxillary protrusion is high. But most clinicians may feel uncomfortable to treatment of these problems. Here a case report about mitigation of maxillary anterior teeth protruded in patient with cerebral palsy. 8y 4m old boy who have cerebral palsy visited our dental hospital. He showed severely protrusive maxillary anterior teeth with mouth breathing and could not close his mouth. He and his mother wanted to improve dental and facial esthetic problem. Specially designed or modified intraoral fixed appliance and rubber elastic chain was used in the therapy. Treatment carried out for 8 months and we could observe maxillary incisor angle was improved and mouth breathing habit was stopped. In conclusion, modified fixed appliance therapy for the patients with cerebral palsy might be useful. Continuous rehabilitation training of lips should be followed after treatment to correct imbalance of muscle tone.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.545-550
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• 2010

Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome (FSS, also known as "Whistling Face Syndrome") is a rare genetic condition which characteristically includes a small "whistling" mouth, a flat mask-like face, club feet, joint contractures usually involving the fingers and hands, and under-development of the cartilage of the nose. Intelligence is usually normal. Most of the features of this syndrome are due to muscle weakness. The patient, 11 years old boy was consulted from pediatrics to pediatric dentistry due to dental management. After clinical & radiographic examinations, severe multiple problems were found. Dental problems were microsomia(whistling mouth) & micrognathia, perioral muscle contracture, restricted mouth opening, poor oral hygiene & care, generalized dental caries, high palatal vault, severe malocclusion & crowding. And Orthopedic problems, ophthalmic & respiratory, anesthetic problems were found. Then He also had psychiatric problem, hospital(dental) phobia due to previous medical history(frequent hospitalization). And he had genital problem, cryptochidism, too. Due to these intricate problems, he suffered with feeding, swallowing difficulties and showed growth retardation. For enhancing patient's oral health, pediatric dentist, orthodontist, oral surgeon, pediatrician, psychiatrist, orthopedist, they all agree with early, cautious intervention and treatment. So, he has been treated by multidisciplinary care, now he is recovering general health maintenance.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.476-490
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• 1991

Although various technical details of the surgical procedures have been improved, Skeletal relapse is the most noteworthy complication of orthognathic surgery. It seems to be an imbalance of the perioral muscular groups resulting from changes in the cavitas oris propria after surgery. Among other factors, it is widely known with the changes of tongue posture, as indicated by the hyoid position. Ten patients that had undergone mandibular setbacks by way of Modified Obwegeser method were evaluated retrospectively. The serial cephalometric films were taken preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, after removal of IMF, and at a subsequent long-term follow-up period. The cephalometric evaluation of tongue posture were based on stable craniofacial landmarks. The relation between the 2-dimensional changes of tongue posture and hyoid position and the relapse of mandibular setback are discussed. Anatomic changes that were found to accompany such setback are as follows. 1.There are 2 cases of relapse in 10 patients at long-term follow-up(20%) 2.The tongue was moved posteriorly and its size was reduced anteriorly and posteriorly at immediate postoperative change and then the mandible shifted slightly toward the preoperative position, but the long was adapted to its new environment due to changing the position of its posterior part, and also the hyoid that moved posterioly and inferiorly was stabilized sightly posteriorly than its original position. 3.On the distance change of the suprahyoid muscle, the distance of P-H, ST-H was increased at immediate postoperative change(p<0.01) and decreased at IMF period(p<0.001), but the distance of H-Me, H-Ge was slightly decreased at IMF and long-term period(p<0.05). 4.On the width change of the pharyngeal air way, the width of the upper part of the pharyngeal space was lightly contracted at IMF and long-term period(p<0.05). 5.On the relation between mandibular setback and tongue posture and hyoid position, the significant correlation was found between the changes of some parts of mandibular setback and those of tongue posture, and not found those of hyoid position.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.236-243
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• 2005

Anterior openbite is defined as the lack of contacts between the functional occluding teeth on vertical line at centric occlusion and classified into functional and skeletal anterior openbite based on its causes and characteristics. In mixed dentition, habit control and the elimination of abnormal perioral muscle function and moving the vertical direction development to the sagittal direction of the mandible by the functional appliance is a goal of treatment. This study presents the effective interception of oral habit by the tongue crib and functional-fixed treatment and treatment response of openbite related to tongue thrust habit.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the values of tongue pressure (TP), lip closing pressure (LCP), right buccal pressure (RBP), and left buccal pressure (LBP) and check the intraoral muscle imbalance and observe the changed values according to the myofunctional therapy (MFT) period. The MFT with a prefabricated appliance was performed on patients with certain muscular dysfunctions due to oral habits. And the improvement of perioral muscles was evaluated using a balloon-based pressure measurement. The group consisted of 21 patients with oral habits such as chronic mouth breathing, finger sucking, lip sucking, tongue thrusting, and atypical swallowing habits. When comparing the two groups before treatment, there was a significant difference in TP and LCP values. The TP increased the most in the first month since the start of myofunctional therapy, and the LCP increased the most between 3 and 6 months after treatment began. The values of TP, LCP, RBP, and LBP in the control group measured before treatment were very similar to the results of the experimental group 6 months after the myofunctional therapy. When the MFT was steadily performed, it was possible to observe a noticeable increase in the tongue and lip closing pressure. At least 6 months of myofunctional therapy is recommended for patients with intraoral muscle imbalance due to oral habits.