• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.435-439
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• 2009

The peripheral ossifying fibroma(POF) is a relatively common, non-neoplastic gingival growth that is classified as a reactive hyperplastic inflammatory lesion. The clinical appearance of POF is generally a small, well-circumscribed, focal mass with a sessile or pedunculated base. The pathogenesis of this lesion is uncertain. POFs are believed to arise from cells of the periodontal ligament as hyperplastic growth of tissue that is unique to the gingival mucosa. Approximately 60% of POFs occur in the maxilla, and 55%-60% of all cases occur in the incisor-canine area. Most lesions are less than 2 cm in size. To our knowledge, huge POF of approximately 8 cm in size in the lower posterior edentulous ridge has not been previously described in the English literature. We report an unusually huge POF overlying the lower posterior edentulous ridge mucosa, along with long-term follow up result.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.622-622
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• 2003

Autotransplantation is a viable option for the treatment of a missing tooth or for replacement of avulsed and traumatized tooth when there is a donor tooth available. The maintenance of healthy periodontal ligament cells in the donor tooth is one of the most important factors for successful tooth transplantation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognosis and the cause of failure in 182 auto-transplanted teeth. A total of 182 cases which received the auto-transplantation in Department of Conservative dentistry, Yonsei Dental Hospital were included in this study.(omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Bone tissue engineering is one of the important therapeutic approaches to the regeneration of bones in the entire field of regeneration medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are actively discussed as material for bone tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate into autologous bone. MSCs are able to differentiate into different lineages: osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic. The tissue of origin for MSCs defines them as bone marrow-derived stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, and, among many others, dental stem cells. According to the tissue of origin, DSCs are further stratified into dental pulp stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, dental follicle precursor cells, and dental papilla cells. There are numerous in vitro/in vivo reports suggesting successful mineralization potential or osteo/odontogenic ability of MSCs. Still, there is further need for the optimization of MSCs-based tissue engineering methods, and the introduction of genes related to osteo/odontogenic differentiation into MSCs might aid in the process. In this review, articles that reported enhanced osteo/odontogenic differentiation with gene introduction into MSCs will be discussed to provide a background for successful bone tissue engineering using MSCs with artificially introduced genes.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.627-640
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• 1998

골 성장 및 개조에 관여하는 전신적 조절인자인 $1,25-(OH)_2D_3$와 국소적 조절인자인 $TGF-{\beta}$가 사람의 치주인대세포 기능에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 그 인자들을 단독 혹은 복합적으로 치주인대세포에 가하여 그 활성 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 10ng/m1 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 치주인대세포에 가한 후 배양 1, 2, 3일째의 활성은 대조군과 차이가 없었으나, 50ng/ml 농도로 가한 후 배양 3째일에는 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가하였으며, 100ng/m1 농도에서는 배양 1, 2, 3일째에 유의하게 증가하였다. 2. 0.1ng/ml 농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$를 치주인대세포에 가한 후 배양 1, 2, 3일째의 활성은 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 1ng/ml나 5ng/ml농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$를 가한 경우 배양 3일째에 유의하게 증가되었으며 10ng/ml농도의 경우에는 배양 2, 3일째에 유의하게 증가하였다. 3. 1ng/ml 농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$와 다양한 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 혼합투여한 경우, 100ng/m1 농도의 vitamin $D_3$로 배양 3일째에 유의한 활성 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 4. 5ng/ml 농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$와 다양한 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 혼합투여한 경우, 10, 50, 100ng/m1의 vitamin $D_3$에서 공히 배양 2일째부터 유의한 활성 증가를 보였으나 10ng/ml에서는 배양 3일째에 그 활성이 유지되지 못하였다. 5. 10ng/ml농도의 $TGF-{\beta}$와 다양한 농도의 vitamin $D_3$를 혼합투여한 경우, 50ng/ml의 vitamin $D_3$에서는 배양 2일째부터 100ng/m1의 vitamin $D_3$에서는 1일째부터 유의한 활성 증가를 보였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.89-112
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• 2002

The earliest reports of the use of electrical energy to directly stimulate bone healing seem to be in 1853 from England, the techniques involved the introduction of direct current into the non-united fracture site percutaneously via metallic needles, with subsequent healing of the defect. One endpoint of the periodontal therapy is to generate structure lost by periodontal diseases. Several procedural advances may support regeneration of attachment, however, regeneration of alveolar bone does not occur consistently. Therefore, factors which stimulate bone repair are areas for research in periodontal reconstructive therapy. Effects of cytokines or growth factors on bone repair are examples of such areas. Another one is electrical current which occurs in bone naturally, so that such bone may be particularly susceptible to electrical therapy. The purposes of this study were to observe the effects of electrical stimulation on the normal periodontium, to determine whether the electricity is the useful means for periodontal regeneration or not. Forty rats weighted about 100 gram were used and divided into 4 groups, the first group, there was no electrical stimulation with the connection of electrodes only. In the second group, there was stimulated by the 10 mA during 10 minutes per a day, in the third group was stimulated by the 25 mA , and the fourth by the 50 mA. At 3, 5, 10 and 15 days post-appliance , two rats in each group were serially sacrificed. and the maxillae and the mandible processed to paraffin, and the specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for the light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There was the distinct reversal line on the lingual alveolar crest, whereas a little changes in the labial alveolarcrest to the duration and amount of currents. 2. In 50 mA group, the cells were highly concentrated at the apex of anterior teeth, and was observed the necrotic tissue. In posterior root apex, the hypercementosis was appeared, and newly formed cementum layer has been increased continuously with the time. 3. The periodontal ligament fiber and Sharpey's fiber were arranged in order, and the bone trabeculae were increased as the experiment proceeded by, relatively the bone marrows were decreased. 4. In the pulp tissue, the blood vessels were increased with blood congestion in the experimetal specimens remarkably, and the dentinal tubules were obstructed . 5. The osteoblasts in alveolar bone proper had been showed highly activity, and also observed the formation of bone trabeculea. In the conclusion, it was suggested that the electrical stimulation has influence on the periodontium and the pulp tissue. However, there might be the injurious effects.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.437-446
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• 1999

Porphyromonas endodontalis(P. endodontalis) is one of the important causative bacteria of pulpal and periapical disease. P. endodontalis has lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and it plays a major role in stimulating the synthesis and release of cytokines from immune cells and prostaglandin $E_2$ from host cells. The purpose of this study is to prepare LPS from P. endodontalis and to evaluate the effect of LPS on membrane permeability of fibroblast. P. endodontalis ATCC 35406 was cultured in anaerobic condition, and LPS was extracted. LPS was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Human periodontal ligament cell, colon fibroblast(CCD-18Co, KCLB 21459) and skin fibroblast(Detroit 551, KCLB 10110) were perfused with 0.01% P. endodontalis LPS solution, high concentration of $K^+$ solution and $Ca^{2+}$-free solution, $Ca^{2+}$ concentration ratio was measured by microfluorometry. 1. Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration was not changed in human periodontal fibroblast and skin fibroblast(Detroit 551) stimulated by P. endodontalis LPS. 2. Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration was increased in colon fibroblast(CCD-18Co) stimulated by P. endodontalis LPS. 3. Colon fibroblast(CCD-18Co) has voltage dependent $Ca^{2+}$ channel activated by high concentration of $K^+$ solution. 4. P. endodontalis LPS has no effect on the increase of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration during perfusion of $Ca^{2+}$-free solution.

• 셀메드
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.13.1-13.8
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• 2018

In the field of osteoporosis, there has been growing interest in anabolic agents that enhance bone formation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of NNMBS 246 osteoblastic differentiation with associated signaling pathways. NNMBS 246 markedly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium nodule formation. Stimulation with NNMBS 246 not only increased the differentiation markers (ALP, OPN, OCN) level and transcription markers (RUNX2, Osterix) mRNA expression but also upregulated the ECM molecules and OPG mRNA expression. Treatments of NNMBS 246 downregulated MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9), but RANKL mRNA expression. Furthermore, NNMBS 246 activated osteoblastic differentiation markers and formed calcium nodules in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and cementoblast cells. NNMBS 246 induced phosphorylation of MAPKs, Akt, nuclear p65 and IkB-${\alpha}$. BMP-2/Smad and ${\beta}$-catenin signaling pathways were activated by NNMBS 246. Sirtinol (SIRT1 inhibitor) inhibited NNMBS 246-induced osteoblastic differentiation markers mRNA expression. These results suggested that NNMBS 246 has the potential to enhance osteoblastogenesis probably through the activation of BMP/Smad and ${\beta}$-catenin signal pathways, and SIRT1 plays as critical mediator in bone anabolic effect of NNMBS 246.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.501-521
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influences of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) on the healing of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone after replantation of tooth, and to examine the possibility of its clinical application. 45 Sprague Dawley rats weighted about 100 gram were divided into 3 experimental groups by different dose of BMP. All the upper right and left 1st molar were extracted after 5 days feeding of 0.4% ${\beta}$-aminopropionitrile, and right molar were used as experimental group and left molar were used as control group. The root surface of experimental molar were treated with 25,50 and l00ng/ml of human recombinant Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (rh-BMP-4) with micropipet, and 1M Sodium hypochloride were used on control root surface. All the experimental animals were sacrificed as 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 days after autoreplantation of upper 1st molar into their own position. The maxilla were disected included both side of 1st molar. The collected tissue were processed from demineralization to paraffin embeding as usual procedure, and the specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for the light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There was no significant differences between control and experimental site on 1 and 2 days after replantation of tooth. In the case of 4th days, the evidence of tissue regeneration were observed on experimental site to compare the controls. New osteoid were revealed on high concentration of BMP at 7 days after replantation, and it became more obvious at 14 days, 2. The effect of the rh-BMP-4 coated on root surface was revealed slight influences for the prolifertion of cells of periodontium and tissue regeneration as dose-dependent pattern. 3. Bony ankylosis was observed between alveolar bone and root surface due to the remarkable amount of osteoid formation on the 14 days after replantation of root. In the conclusion, it was suggested that topical application of the rhBMP-4 on the root surface has influence on the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The application method of BMP on the root should be designed with calculation of proper concentration.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.366-378
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• 1998

Thermocondensation root canal filling technique have been used to fill accessary canals or to obtain homogeneous root caral fillings. But these thermocondensation technique inevitably produce heat in the canal which can be transmitted through the dentin and cementum and consequently damage periodontal ligamental cells and osteoblasts. In this study, System $B^{TM}$(Analytic technology, WA.D.S.A.) was used to evaluate the reaction of periodontal ligament tissue to "Continous Wave condensation technique" introduced by Buchanan, and the transmitted root surface temperature was measured according to measured root thicknesses. 12 Mandibular incisors of two adult dogs were used for the experiment. 6 controls were filled by lateral condensation technique with sealer.3 specimens were apically filled by Continuous Wave technique at $200^{\circ}C$ for 5 seconds and remaining 3 specimens were additionally backfilled using System $B^{TM}$(Analytic technology, WA.D.S.A.) was used to evaluate the reaction of periodontal ligament tissue to "Continous Wave condensation technique" introduced by Buchanan, and the transmitted root surface temperature was measured according to measured root thicknesses. 12 Mandibular incisors of two adult dogs were used for the experiment. 6 controls were filled by lateral condensation technique with sealer.3 specimens were apically filled by Continuous Wave technique at $200^{\circ}C$ for 5 seconds and remaining 3 specimens were additionally backfilled using System $B^{TM}$ at $100^{\circ}C$ for 20 seconds. Six weeks later, the dogs were sacrificed and the teeth stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for histologic examination. 6 extracted human teeth were used to measure the transmitted temperature. After cutting off the crown, the canals were prepared and divided into 3 groups with root thickness of 1.5mm, 1.0mm, 0.5mm, 2 teeth in each group. Inside each root canal, System $B^{TM}$ was heated as with the temperature for the apically condensed and the back filled group, and the transmitted heat was measured on the external surface of the root. The temperature of System $B^{TM}$ heat spreader at $200^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$ was also measured at root temperature. It can be concluded as follows: 1. In the thin area (200-$250{\mu}m$) of the root, root resorption could be seen even with heating at $200^{\circ}C$ for 5 seconds. 2. When the spreader was heated at $200^{\circ}C$ for 5 seconds and additionally at $100^{\circ}C$ for 20 seconds for backfill, all teeth showed root resorption regardless of their root thickness. 3. The transmitted external root surface temperature was higher as the root thickness decreased and as the heating time increased. In the thermocompaction technique using System $B^{TM}$, the spreader should be heated for the minimal time and used only in the apical area. The heated spreader shouldn't inserted to the binding point of the canal and backfilling should be done with other means of minimally heated gutta percha technique.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2006

이 연구는 치낭과 그 주위 조직 세포에서 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3과 -9의 발현에 대한 인도메타신의 영향을 관찰하여 인도메타신이 치아의 맹출에 미치는 영향의 일단을 규명하기 위해 시행되었다. 생후 10-12주된 10마리의 개를 실험군 8마리와 대조군 2마리로 나누고 실험군은 인도메타신을 체중에 대하여 통상적 복용량인 인도메타신 2 mg/Kg/day을 7일간 및 14일간 투여한 군과 과량의 8 mg/Kg/day을 7일간 및 14일간 투여한 군으로 나누고 대조군은 빈 캅셀을 placebo로 투여한 후 희생하고 맹출 중인 영구치 치배를 적출하여 조직 처리하고 H-E 염색 및 MMP-3과 -9에 대한 면븐염색 시행 후 광학현미경으로 검경하였다. 관찰결과 대조군에서는 파골세포, 조골세포, 치주인대 세포, 법랑모세포 및 상아모세포에서 모두 MMP-3과 -9의 발현이 뚜렷하게 관찰되었다. 대조군에 비해 인도메타신 투여군에서 파골세포, 조골세포, 치주인대 세포는 MMP-3과 -9의 발현이 억제된 소견이 관찰되었으며 인도메타신의 투여기간이 길수록 투여량이 많을수록 더 뚜렷하게 관찰되었다. 법랑모세포와 상아모세포는 대조군과 실험군의 MMP-3과 -9의 발현의 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 prostaglandin (PG) 생합성 억제제인 인도메타신은 치낭의 파골세포, 조골세포 및 치주인대 세포에서 MhfP-3과 -9의 발현을 억제하였으며 이는 인도메타신 투여로 치아 맹출이 억제될 수 있음을 시사한다.