• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2001

경안명 괴사성 근막염은 높은 사망률을 가진 치명적인 질환이나 혈류가 풍부한 두경부에서는 거의 발생하지 않고 피부에 괴사를 보이지 않는 경우도 많아 두경부에 발생한 감염증의 진단시에 그 가능성을 고려하지 않는 오류를 범하기 쉽다. 따라서, 일단 발생한 경우 오진 또는 뒤늦은 진단으로 환자의 생명을 위협하게 될 수 있다. 이의 진단에는 임상적 검사상 촉진시 느껴지는 염발음이 가장 중요하고 이환 부위의 종창, 악취, 지저분하고 창백하며 붉은 빛을 띠는 피부 표면의 모습, 절개 시 회색빛의 구정물과 같은 삼출물 등이 참고자료가 될 수 있으며, 컴퓨터 단층사진의 촬영을 통해 피하조직의 공기 방울이나 공기 주머니를 확인하고 hemolytic Streptococci등의 균배양 결과를 종합적으로 판단함으로써 더욱 정확한 진단이 가능해지고, 치료방법으로는 빠르고 광범위한 외과적 처치와 대량의 항생제 투여가 가장 중요하고 고압산소요법 등 기타 보조적 처치법을 적절히 시행한다면 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.93-106
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to develop the pattern of bodysuit and to identify the wear fitness of it The methods of statistical analysis applied to the study were ANOVA and cluster analysis. The materials used in making bodysuit were Nylon/Polyurethane, lace, power net, binding tape, and hook eye. The try-on test was administered in two aspects ; (1) the comparison of anthropometric data before and after trying on the experimentally constructed bodysuit with those of marketing bodysuit, (2) the sensory evaluation to estimate the wear fitness in terms of appearance and motion function. The conclusions obtained are as follows ; 1. In the survey of wearing state, 52.2% of respondents had experience of wearing bodysuit. 60.6% of them responded to the item, “well-balanced body” in the question about the purpose of wearing it. 55.7% considered the item, “feel choky in the chest” as uncomfortable point in putting on bodysuit. 48.3% felt the portion of crotch drawn above in taking exercise or behaving routinely in everyday life. 2. As for the characteristics of the bodysuit design, the scooped neckline and horizontal outline without wire in lower bust was used, the adjust point being located right above the perineum point, and the length of bodysuit is as far as trochanteric point. 3. In comparing anthropometric data of the subjects, there was significant difference in the height of lower bust the distance around abdomen, and the length of bust point(right, left) between the experimentally constructed bodysuit and the marketing bodysuit. 4. Concerning the results of the try-on test in appearance, the estimates of expert panel, which were in agreement with those of subjects in mean value and composite reliability coefficient, showed that the pattern fitness of experimentally designed bodysuit was higher than that of marketing bodysuit. 5. To take try-on test in motion function, motion was classified the five steps. The results of the test showed that experimentally designed bodysuit was fitter in each steps of motion than marketing bodysuit.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1996

피부 T 세포림프종에 대하여 4MeV 의 전자선으로 전 피부 방사선 조사를 시행하였다. 피부전체의 균일한 선량분포를 위하여 스탠포드대학의 방법으로 알려져 있는 six dual field 기법을 사용하였다. SSD 는 390cm로 하였으며 방사선 조사시의 gantry 의 각은 환자의 중심을 지나는 수평축에 대하여 상ㆍ하로 14$^{\circ}$가 되도록 하였다. 전자콘을 설치해야만 전자선 조사가 가능하므로 최대의 전자콘인 25$\times$25cm콘을 사용하였다. 치료면에서의 선량분포의 균일성을 확인하기 위하여 치료면에 90$\times$180cm의 폴리스틸렌을 설치하고 Famer type ion chamber와 측정용 필름을 사용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과 치료면에서 10% 정도의 균일함을 보였다. 환자의 자세를 하루에 세가지씩 이틀에 걸쳐 여섯가지 자세를 한 주기로 치료를 시행하였다. 선량이 부족한 정수리, 회음부, 발바닥 등은 따로 추가의 방사선을 조사하였다. 렌즈와 손톱, 발톱은 차폐물을 제작하여 차폐하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.452-463
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• 1999

This study was performed to inquire into recognition of cold and heat application. The subjects in the study were 429 adults who were collected by disproportional quota sampling according to age, sex. The instrument was 36 questions that constitured closed questions and semiopened questions that encluded general characteristics, recognition of cold and heat applications. and what will you do when requested cold and heat applications on abdomial and perineal areas. Data were collected from september 25 to October 25, 1998. Data was analysed by SPSS/win, into frequency, Pearson correlation, t-test, ANOVA. The results were following. 1) The subjects consisted of male and female who was from teenage to fifty year old above. According to general characteristics, who endureed moderate cold-heat application, had constitutional fever, good sweat, and taked a cold bath accationally. And the woman think that their body were more cold than man. and the number of cold bath was less than man. Woman felt more harder than man that endured exposing cold. According to the recognitions of cold-heat applications, the 61.9% of the subjects think that cold application is more positive, and the 61.7% of the subjects think that heat application is more positive. 2) The subjects think that oral cavity, abdomen, back, extremes must be warm. 3) The percents of cold or heat application at abdomen were 77.4%, 86.5% respectely and the percents of cold or heat application at perineum were 56.9%. 93.6% respectely. With the above results. we know that the subjects have the fixed perceptions that each body part has to maintain its temperature. especially, they think that postpartum care is correlated with cold-heat application. So when we intervent nursing care, we also must regard their recognitions of cold and heat applications. and we need to educate and explain correctly about cold-heat application.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.359-368
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• 1999

Background : The purpose of this study was to determine whether cleansing the perineum and urethral meatus and using midstream urine affect the rate of bacterial contamination of urine specimens, and to determine the optimum urine collection method. We studied 41 asymptomatic healthy nursing school students. Women who were menstruating were not excluded from this study. Method : The first and midstream urine samples were collected during consecutive urinationsby each woman. The first sample was not a clean-catch specimen, and the second one was a clean-catch specimen. Both specimens were studied by urinalysis and bacterial culture with standard methods. Results : 41 women met the study criteria and 39 successfully completed the study. None of the urine cultures were positive. 68.3% of the non clean-catch first urine cultures, 53.7% of the non clean-catch midstream cultures, 33.3% of the first clean-catch urine culteres and 30.8% of the midstream clean-catch urine were found to be contaminated. There was a significant difference in the bacterial contamination rates between the first and midstream urine, and the clean-catch and non clean-catch urine(p=0.035, p =0.001 respectively). On urinalysis, 7.3% of the non clean-catch first urine, 7.3% of the non clean-catch midstream urine, 2.6% of the clean-catch first urine and 2.6% of clean-catch midstream urine were found to be above grade 2. Conclusions : According to our results, the bacterial contamination rate was the lowest in midstream and clean catch urine specimens. Threrfore it is recommended that the midstream clean-catch technique is the standard practice for collecting urine specimens for bacterial culture in women.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1994

Purpose: Despite apparently complete resection of cancer of the rectum, local recurrence rate was high. Radiation therapy has been used either alone or in combination with chemotherapy as an adjunct to surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence. This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic factors, survival rate and local recurrence rate of the rectal cancer who had received postoperative radiation therapy by retrospective analysis. Method: From 1982 to 1990, 63 patients with cancer of the rectum surgically staged as B2 or C disease received postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy after curative resection of tumor for cure. Postoperative radiation therapy was given to the whole pelvis(mean dose: 5040 cGy in 5-6weets) and perineum was included in irradiated field in case of abdominoperineal resection. Results: Three-year actuarial survival rate was 73.2$ \% $ overall, 87.7$ \% $ in stage B2+3 and 62.9$ \% $ in stage C2+3. Three-year disease-free survival rate was 69.5$ \% $ overall, 87.7$ \% $ in stage B2+3 and 56.8$ \% $ in stage C2+3, Three-year disease-free survival rate in anterior resection was 77.8$ \% $ and 44.4$ \% $ in abdominoperineal resection. The local recurrence rate was 15.9$ \% $ and distant failure rate was 20.6$ \% $. Severe late complication was small bowel obstruction in 6 patients and surgery was required in 4 patients(6.3$ \% $). The prognostic factors were stage(p=0.0221) and method of surgery(p= 0.0414) (anterior resection vs abdominoperineal resection). Conclusion: This study provides evidence supporting the use of postoperative radiation therapy for reducing the local recurrence rate in patients who have had curative resection of rectal cancer with involvement of perirectal fat or regional nodes or both(stage B2 and C).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.487-490
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• 2008

Purpose: The latissimus dorsi flap and the serratus anterior flap have been used as combined flaps to reconstruct extensive defects. Because these two muscles are usually supplied by the subscapular-thoracodorsal vessels, the two flaps can be based on vascular pedicle that is long and anatomically reliable. In this case, we reported that serratus anterior possessed an anomalous arterial supply totally independent from the subscapular pedicle while raising combined latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior flap. Methods: A 35-year-old male with extensive soft tissue defect in the left perineum and thigh visited. Muscle defects of the medial thigh were observed, and femoral nerve and vessels were exposed. Combined latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior free flap was raised to reconstruct defect. On raising flaps, artery supplying the serratus anterior muscle originated from the axillary artery directly, was lying on the undersurface of the serratus anterior muscle. Results: Because two flap pedicles had no communication and latissimus dorsi muscle was large enough to cover soft tissue defect, we transferred only latissimus dorsi free flap with 1 : 3 meshed skin graft. Patient had limb salvage and satisfactory functional outcome. Conclusion: There are many variations of arterial pedicles of flaps. However, most of these variations remain within known anatomical consistence, thus is an indicator in planning the dissection of the vessels. According to documents, arterial pedicle to the serratus muscle not originated from the thoracodorsal artery is rarely reported, and in most of these cases, the arteries are originated from the subscapular artery. Thus pedicle directly originated from the axillary artery to serratus muscle is a very rare variation in its vascular anatomy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.556-561
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• 2014

Background Groin dissections result in large wounds with exposed femoral vessels requiring soft tissue coverage, and the reconstructive options are diverse. In this study we reviewed our experience with the use of the pedicled anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps in the reconstruction of large groin wounds. Methods Groin reconstructions performed over a period of 10 years were evaluated, with a mean follow up of two years. We included all cases with large or complex (involving perineum) defects, which were reconstructed with the pedicled anterolateral thigh musculocutaneous or the vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flaps. Smaller wounds which were covered with skin grafts, locally based flaps and pedicled muscle flaps were excluded. Results Twenty-three reconstructions were performed for large or complex groin defects, utilising the anterolateral thigh (n=10) and the vertical rectus abdominis (n=13) pedicled musculocutaneous flaps. Femoral vein reconstruction with a prosthetic graft was required in one patient, and a combination flap (VRAM and gracilis muscle flap) was performed in another. Satisfactory coverage was achieved in all cases without major complications. No free flaps were used in our series. Conclusions The anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis pedicled musculocutaneous flaps yielded consistent results with little morbidity in the reconstruction of large and complex groin defects. A combination of flaps can be used in cases requiring extensive cover.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.847-849
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• 2010

Purpose: Traditional radical surgery for vulvar cancer produces severe skin and soft tissue defects in the vulvar and vaginal area. Vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flaps have limitations in advancement and tension at the wound margin and vaginal orifice area, causing wound disruption or vaginal wall exposure. Therefore, we designed the "Butterfly flap" using a vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap and an inguinal rotational skin flap for 3-dimensional reconstruction of vagina and vulvar area. Methods: A 27 year-old female was diagnosed with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Radical vulvectomy and full-thickness-skin-graft was performed. We designed a vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap as the greater wing and inguinal rotational skin as the lesser wing. After flap elevation, the inguinal flap was rotated $180^{\circ}$ to reconstruct the labia major and vaginal orifice. The perineum was reconstructed using V-Y advancement flaps. Results: The flap survived completely, without any complications. After 6 months, the patient was able to perform normal sexual activities and after 18 months, the patient was able to give birth to normal child by caesarean section. Conclusion: The traditional vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap is thin, reliable, easily elevated and matches local skin quality. However, the vaginal wall becomes exposed due to limited advancement and tension of the flap. The "Butterfly flap" using a vulvoperineal V-Y advancement fasciocutaneous flap and an inguinal rotational skin flap is useful for the release of vaginal orifice contracture, reconstruction of the labia major, and 3-dimensional reconstruction of vagina and vulvar area.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1930-1939
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to conduct metabolic profiling of dairy cattle serum and urine using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy and to compare the results obtained with those of other dairy cattle herds worldwide so as to provide a basic dataset to facilitate research on metabolites in serum and urine. Methods: Six dairy cattle were used in this study; all animals were fed the same diet, which was composed of total mixed ration; the fed amounts were based on voluntary intake. Blood from the jugular neck vein of each steer was collected at the same time using a separate serum tube. Urine samples were collected by hand sweeping the perineum. The metabolites were determined by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy, and the obtained data were statistically analyzed by performing principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, variable importance in projection scores, and metabolic pathway data using Metaboanalyst 4.0. Results: The total number of metabolites in the serum and urine was measured to be 115 and 193, respectively, of which 47 and 81, respectively were quantified. Lactate (classified as an organic acid) and urea (classified as an aliphatic acylic compound) exhibited the highest concentrations in serum and urine, respectively. Some metabolites that have been associated with diseases such as ketosis, bovine respiratory disease, and metritis, and metabolites associated with heat stress were also found in the serum and urine samples. Conclusion: The metabolites measured in the serum and urine could potentially be used to detect diseases and heat stress in dairy cattle. The results could also be useful for metabolomic research on the serum and urine of ruminants in Korea.