• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2023

For the commercial development of deep-sea mineral resources, the International Seabed Authority is engaged in wide ranging discussions to establish the Regulations on Exploitation. The core issue of the Regulations on Exploitation is how to protect the marine environment along with the royalty system that distributes the profits from such development. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea stipulates the protection of the marine environment in Part 12 (Articles 192-237) for the preservation of the marine environment, and in the 1994 Implementation Agreement, the protection of the marine environment at the stage of application for approval of the plan of work together with the Regulations on Exploration for the protection of the marine environment. For this purpose, certain obligations are imposed on the applicants. In the Regulations on Exploitation, financial systems such as environmental performance guarantee, insurance, and environmental compensation funds, which were not found in the Regulations on Exploration, are added to further specify the measures for marine environment protection generally stipulated in the 1982 Law of the Convention or 1994 Implementation Agreement. Regarding the financial system for marine environment protection, the Marine Environmental Protection and Conservation Informal Working Group meeting is revising the purpose of the environmental compensation fund. Among these financial system elements, it is judged that there is a possibility that the environmental performance guarantee and insurance may overlap considerably, and it is also thought that the establishment of the environmental compensation fund can also provide a substantial sum of money that will meet the purpose of the compensation fund in terms of securing its financial resources. In this paper, the question is posed as to whether or not this can be accomplished. In this respect, this paper examines the environmental performance guarantee, insurance, and environmental compensation fund, which are necessary for the protection of the marine environment of the deep seabed, but which can impose appropriate obligations on contractors for the commercial development of deep seabed mineral resources. At the same time as figuring out how it is operated in relation to relevant domestic laws, I would like to propose a plan to reflect the implications derived from the domestic law operation process in the Regulations on Exploitation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.7 s.349
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• pp.93-103
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• 2006

Network solutions for protecting against worm attacks that complement partial end system patch deployment is a pressing problem. In the content-based worm filtering, the challenges focus on the detection accuracy and its performance enhancement problem. We present a worm filter architecture using the bloom filter for deployment at high-speed transit points on the Internet, including firewalls and gateways. Content-based packet filtering at multi-gigabit line rates, in general, is a challenging problem due to the signature explosion problem that curtails performance. We show that for worm malware, in particular, buffer overflow worms which comprise a large segment of recent outbreaks, scalable -- accurate, cut-through, and extensible -- filtering performance is feasible. We demonstrate the efficacy of the design by implementing it on an Intel IXP network processor platform with gigabit interfaces. We benchmark the worm filter network appliance on a suite of current/past worms, showing multi-gigabit line speed filtering prowess with minimal footprint on end-to-end network performance.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.48
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• pp.289-332
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• 2012

In this paper, based on the theory of performance studies and community-based theatre, I venture to explicate the socio-political significance of director Yim Jin-Taek's community-based performance called 'madanggut', which is heavily based on elements of indigenous culture. Yim's madanggut utilizes elements of indigenous cultures and searches for 'the Korean ethnic (arche)type' as 'the ideal Korean type' or 'genuine Korean-ness' for the reconstruction of 'the Korean ethnic community.' This paper interrogates the major task of Yim Jin-Taek's madanggut, which ideologically promulgates the idea of ethnocentric patriarchy supported by the traditional (mainly Confucianist) notion of 'community' - inquiring if this type of theatre can provide useful and practical prospects for imagining a more democratic and plural civilian society in Korea today, when the interaction of globalization, nationalism, regionalism, and localism simultaneously impact our everyday life and cultural identification. Regarding the recent global phenomenon of the resurgence of nationalism, I looked at madanggut's use of symbolic resources from the past for imaginative communal bonding as a nation. But, the claimed homogeneity of the national past by means of 'nation conflation' of different social groups is an illusionary conceptualization, and the national historiography silences memories of the marginalized groups and denies their histories. It is certain that in Korea nationalism has historically performed an important function during the colonization and democratization period. Nevertheless, as Yim's Nokdukkot realized, it cannot be overlooked that as a representative of 'the Korean ethnic community,' 'the protecting man/the sacrificial woman' is contradictory to the plural and lateral thinking of participatory democracy in community-building. It is time to think about a new political language that relates individuals to the community and nation. 'The ethnic type' cannot represent the whole nation and the members of the nation should be the examples of the community they belong to for a more democratic society. I have selected Yim's several community-based works mainly from the 1970s to the 1980s since the works provide grounding images, symbols, metaphors, and allegories pertinent to discussing how 'the Korean ethnic community' has been narrativized through the performances of madanggut during the turbulent epoch of globalization. I hope that this paper presents Yim's grounded aesthetics of community-based theatre with fully contoured critical views and ideas.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.120-127
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to improve the fire prevention performance using the fire venetian blind louver subjected to burning by fire flame. The investigation is based on testing 2 full scale specimens, which is $3m{\times}3m$ module, $850mm{\times}1,500mm$ open, and $900mm{\times}900mm{\times}175mm$ venetian blind louver. Two louver thickness (1.5 and 2.0mm) were adopted. The specimens were exposed to fire flame temperature levels of ISO834 at the lower surface of the fire venetian blind louver specimens with exposure duration of one hour in Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT). It was found from the test results that the values of distributed temperature, decreased for all specimens for protecting to fire flame by venetian blind louver. The results of tests were a good fire prevention performance between in initial to 6 mins. At 60 minutes around ISO 834 fire loading, the percentages of distributed temperature in 500mm and 800mm height ranged between 11 and 10% respectively, regardless of louver thickness. This study, therefore, will improve the fire venetian blind louver for fire protection and prevention performance.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.177-186
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• 2005

The latest concrete structure has showed that the deterioration of durability has been increased by the damage from salt, carbonization, freezing & thawing and the others. Therefore, the measures for the concrete which has deteriorated durability have been taken. Among them, it has been often used that surface treatment which cuts off the deterioration factors of durability by protecting the surface of concrete. However, troubles such as fracture and rupture in the repair layer have been reported as time goes by due to the difference between the organic repair material like epoxy and concrete properties. Researchers have been developing the repair material which can cut off the deterioration factors of durability such as $CO_2$ gas, chloride ion and water by making the formation of concrete elaborate through the reaction with calcium ion when the surface improving agent is coated on the concrete. The main ingredient of that is inorganic substance which is the same as the concrete property. This study was evaluated the surface improving agent for permeability, watertightness, air-permeability, chemical resistance and elution resistance. As a result, it has been reported that the surface improving agent improves watertightness and air-permeability by penetration more than 10mm within concrete. Therefore, it is concluded that the surface improving agent developed in this research prevents deterioration of concrete durability when it is coated on the concrete structure.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.341-351
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• 2001

Object: Acori graminei rhizoma(AGR) extract is clinically used to treat the cerebral ischemia in Korea. The present study was undertaken to study the neuroprotective effect of AGR extract in middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) rats. Methods: Changes of extracellular levels of glutamate, aspartate, GABA, glycine, taurine, tyrosine, alanine in striatum were collected at 20 minutes interval by in vivo microdialysis and then analyzed by HPLC(high performance liquid chromatography) in rats subjected to permanent focal cerebral ischemia induced by 2 hours of MCAO. AGR extract was orally administrated before MCAO. Different animals were used for measurement of cerebral infarction volume induced by 24 hours of MCAO with TTC staining and image analysis. Result : The infarction volume was decreased and focal cerebral ischemia - induced increase of extracellular glutamate, aspartate, and tyrosine were inhibited after the treatment of AGR extract. On the other hand, the increase of glycine and alanine not but GABA and taurine were enhenced after the treatment of AGR extract. Conclusion: These results suggest that AGR extract can playa role in protecting against cerebral ischemia by regulating extracellular levels of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.270-272
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• 2013

In order to protect coastal facilities mainly from wave and current actions, the self-locking bio blocks constituting component elements of protecting structures against scouring were designed. These blocks are adapted to the sloping bottom, coastal dunes, and submerged coastal base counteracting the destructive and erosive impulse action. A series of laboratory experiments is necessary to investigate the reflection of water waves over and against a train of protruded or submerged shore structures and compare the reflecting capabilities of incident waves including wave forces. In this study the hydraulic model experiment was conducted to identify the performance of newly designed water affinity bio blocks to keep the coast slope and bottom mound from scouring by reduction of the reflection coefficient and to convince stability of the placements. Revised design of each element of blocks were also tested for field conditions. From the result of experiment, the field applicability of the developed blocks and placement is to be discussed afterward.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.197-217
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• 2022

As the number of households that raise dogs and cats is increasing, there is growing interest in animal health. The gut plays an important role in animal health. In particular, the microbiome in the gut is known to affect both the absorption and metabolism of nutrients and the protective functions of the host. Using probiotics on pets has beneficial effects, such as modulating the immune system, helping to reduce stress, protecting against pathogenic bacteria and developing growth performance. The goals of this review are to summarize the relationship between probiotics/the gut microbiome and animal health, to feature technology used for identifying the diversity of microbiota composition of canine and feline microbiota, and to discuss recent reports on probiotics in canines and felines and the safety issues associated with probiotics and the gut microbiome in companion animals.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.16 no.2 s.31
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• pp.105-113
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• 1977

In this paper have been examained the relation of tssk performance to body size. the variation of venation of males, sex ratio, breeding by forms of worker's pupae and structure by forms of workers's colony to nest size in polymorphism of polydomous red wood ant, Formica rufa truncicola var. yessoensis Forel in Korea. 1. The workers are classified into three forms, in which small form mainly performs itself the task of nursing in the nest and the visit to aphid from the outside of the nest, medium and large form mainly do not only the stinct of prey carrying from the outside of the nest and nest structure, but the task of protecting colony of outside. But the small forms visiting to aphid is not always fixed but seems to be changed with season. 2. The variation forms of venation of males are fourteen, generally, they have various variations of the discoidal. 3. Generally, sex ratio of Formica rufa truncicola var. yessoensis Forel is the same proportion, but it seems that there are some difference according to its characteristic of colony in each nest and polydomous colony structure in its habitat. 4. In summer season the medium form makes a colony in high proportion without any relations with the size of nest but. during hibernation, small form coasists in small nest, medium in medium nest and large in large nest. And so the structure of worker's colony by forms according to their nest size seems to be changed with season.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.34-47
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• 1985

The developing country, KOREA where does not possess the natural resources for traditional energy such as oil and gas, so. The nuclear energy is the most single reliable source available for closing the energy gap. For these reason, It is inavoidable to construct the nuclear power plant and to develop technology related nuclear energy. The rate of operation in large nuclear power facilities depends upon the performance of work system through design and construction, and also the applied technology. Especially, it is the most important element that safety and reliability in operation of nuclear power plant. In view of this aspects, Nuclear power plant is performed severe examinations during preservice and inservice inspection. This study provide an automation of analysis for volumetric examination which is required to nuclear power plant components. It is composed as follows: I. Introduction II. Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant ${\ast}$ General Requirement. ${\ast}$ Principle and Methods of Ultrasonic Test. ${\ast}$ Study of Flaw Evaluation and Design of Classifying Formula for Flaws. III. Design of Automation for Flaw Evaluation. IV. An Example V. Conclusion In this theory, It is classifying the flaws, the formula of classifying flaws and the design of automation that is the main important point. As motioned the above, Owing to such as automatic design, more time could be allocated to practical test than that of evaluation of defects, Protecting against subjective bias tester by himself and miscalculation by dint of various process of computation. For the more, adopting this method would be used to more retaining for many test data and comparative evaluating during successive inspection intervals. Inspite of limitation for testing method and required application to test components, it provide useful application to flow evaluation for volumetric examination. Owing to the characteristics of nuclear power plant that is highly skill intensive industry and has huze system, the more notice should be concentrated as follows. Establishing rational operation plan, developing various technology, and making the newly designed system for undeveloped sector.