• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2001

숙근초화의 뗏장 생산에 적합한 초종과 바닥재를 선발하기 위해서 동자꽃, 톱풀, 큰꿩의비름, 섬기린초 등 자생식물 10종을 포함한 숙근초화류 14종의 뗏장 형성여부를 살펴보았다. 1. 재식장소에 따라서는 일반적으로 포트에 이식하여 노지에 정식하였을 경우보다 바크(bark)에 정식하였을 때 생육이 좋은 경향이었다. 2. 사용 바닥재의 종류에 따라서는 일반적으로 부직포에서 지면을 완전 피복할 때까지 걸리는 소요일수가 짧아지며, 뗏장형성능력이 좋았다. 특히 황마를 바닥재로 사용하였을 경우에는 기판이 부패하여 바크와 뿌리의 결속력이 크게 떨어지는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 3. 백리향, 좀씀바귀, 땅채송화, 바위채송화 등 포복성식물들은 꿩의비름, 애기개미취 섬쑥부쟁이 등의 직립성 초종에 비해 초고가 낮고 피복성이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2020

Silage is one of the main feed components of ruminants around the world and can make up about 50-80% of the rations of dairy cows during the winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) aqueous and ethanol extracts to improve the hygienic quality of perennial ryegrass, red clover and blue alfalfa silage samples and estimate their effect on mycotoxins concentrations. Under laboratory conditions, 63 silage samples (21 perennial ryegrass, 21 blue alfalfa, 21 red clover) were fermented with inserted aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano and thyme and two commercial inoculants with mesophilic lactic acid bacteria. After 96 days of fermentation, in silage samples were established fermentation parameters, microbiological status and mycotoxins concentrations. It was determined that the best results for achieving hygienic quality of perennial ryegrass and red clover silage samples was by insertion of aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano and thyme. In blue alfalfa samples, the best results of silage hygienic indicators were determined by inserting aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2 toxin concentrations in perennial ryegrass, red clover and blue alfalfa silage samples were best reduced by inserting aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano and thyme. The present study shows that these extracts can be used to improve silage hygienic quality, reduce mycotoxins concentrations and thus ensure the wellness of cattle.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2007

페레니얼 라이그래스의 최적 조직배양조건을 확립하기 위하여 성숙종자로부터 배발생 캘러스 유도 및 효율적인 식물체 재분화조건을 체계적으로 확립하였다. 배발생 캘러스 유도시 첨가되는 auxin으로는 2,4-D가 가장 효율적이었으며, 9 mg/L 2,4-D와 0.1 mg/L BA가 첨가된 MS 배지에서 배발생 캘러스가 가장 높은 빈도로 유도되었다. 식물체 재분화는 배발생 캘러스를 1 mg/L 2,4-D와 5 mg/L BA가 첨가된 N6 배지에서 배양했을 때 58.3%의 높은 재분화율을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확립된 단기간의 효율적인 재분화 시스템은 분자육종을 통한 신품종 페레니얼 라이그래스 개발에 유용하게 응용되어질 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.122-127
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• 1987

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of shading degrees (0:full sunlight, 25, 50 and 75%) on the crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and photosynthetic activity of grasses for obtaining the basic data on the development, management and utilization of pasture in the forest. For the test, different artificial shading houses were established and pasture species used in this study were orchardgrass, timothy, perennial ryegrass and ladino clover. The experiment was performed at Livestock Experiment Station, Suwon, in 1984-'85. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. The highest CGR was obtained at 0% (full sunlight) and 25% of shading, followed by 50 and 75% of shading degrees, in that order. CGR of orchardgrass and perennial ryegrass were higher than those of timothy and ladino clover. 2. NAR was significantly decreased as the shading degrees increased. The highest NAR was observed at perennial ryegrass plot. 3. The photosynthetic activity during summer season was the highest at 25% of shading, followed by 50, 0 and 75% of shading degrees. While, the photosynthetic activity during fall season was the highest at 25% of shading, followed by 50, 0 and 75% of shading degrees, in that order. Those of orchardgrass and perennial ryegrass were remarkably higher than that of timothy. 4. A significant positive correlation was obtained in the relationship between CGR and NAR of main grasses, regardless of pasture species and investigated date.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2008

A field survey was performed at the Human-made Wetlands along Boknaecheon of Juam Lake from March 2004 to October 2007 for the purpose of investigating changes of flora for 4 years since its creation. A total of 15 species including 10 families, 13 genera, 12 species and 3 varieties were planted at the Human-made Wetlands along Boknaecheon of Juam Lake which was completed in December 2002. The survey conducted in 2004, 15 months after creation of the Human-made Wetlands, revealed a flora composed of 47 families, 102 genera, 112 species and 19 varieties, 131 taxa in total. In 2007, further increase was registered with 46 species added compared to 2004 reaching 177 species in total. A 4-year monitoring of naturalized plants showed that no quick but constant increase was featured yearly in their number of species with 12 in 2004, 17 in 2005, 18 in 2006 and 19 in 2007. As for changes in life form, 13 species of perennial plants and 2 woody species, 15 in total, were planted initially but, in the survey 2004, 1- or 2-year old therophytes numbered 73, perennial plants 54 and woody species 4, indicating a large change of life form accompanied with increase in overall number of species. The number of 1- or 2-year old therophytes and perennial plants featured a steady increase each year from 2005 to 2007. The distribution ratio of 1- or 2-year old therophytes, however, showed a gradually decreasing tendency while perennial plants tended to increase, instead. As evidenced in changes of flora at the Human-made Wetlands, most of species in it have been determined to be fit or not within 1 to 2 years after its creation and, since the stable settlement of these species onward, its life forms have undergone stepwise changes together with the number of species and individuals in parallel with repeated extinction and penetration of plants.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate the relationships and the variations of agronomic characteristics in the shoot and root part of grasses for the basic data of the development, the management and the utilization of pasture in the forest. This study was conducted with 0% (full sunlight), 25%, 50% and 75% of shading degrees after orchardgrass, timothy, perennial ryegrass, ladino clover and orchardgrass dominated mixture were planted on Aug. 25 in 1984. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Dry matter yield in 25% of shading was increased 3-1 7% compared with 0% (full sunlight), while 50 and 75% of shading were decreased 28-35% and 44-60%, respectively. Dry matter yield of timothy, perennial ryegrass and ladino clover were decreased 10, 8 and 33%, respectively, compared with orchardgrass, but there was little difference between orchard grass and mixture. 2. Root distribution by different shading degrees was the maximum at 25%, followed by 0, 50 and 75% of shading degrees. Root distribution among different species was the maximum at orchardgrass, followed by perennial ryegrass and timothy. Especially, root distribution of timothy was very little compared with different species. And significantly positive correlation was observed in the relationship between root weight and dry matter yield (r=0.8 102**). 3. The physiological activity of root by different shading degrees was declined by more shading. 4. The length and the percentage of blade by different shading degrees was an increase tendency by more shading. The length and the percentage of blade among different species was followed by timothy, perennial ryegrass and orchardgrass, in that order. And the correlation between the percentage of blade and dry matter yield was significantly negative.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2010

우리나라 골프장에 조성된 한지형 잔디 5종류 48품종(creeping bentgrass 9품종, kentucky bluegrass 20품종, tall fescue 10품종, perennial ryegrass 5품종, chewing fescue 4개 품종)에 대하여 봄철에 발병하는 병의 종류와 병의 심각성을 평가하였다. Rhizoctonia cerealis에 의해 늦가을부터 자연적으로 발병한 yellow patch 뿐 이었다. 잔디 종류 중에서 Perennial ryegrass 품종과 creeping bentgrass 품종에서 이른 봄에 심각하게 발생한 반면, 다른 종류의 품종들은 통계적으로 유의성이 없었다. Creeping bentgrass 품종 중에는 "Pennlinks II"가 가장 감수성을 보였다. Yellow patch의 증상은 가장자리가 자줏빛갈색을 보였으며, 직경의 크기는 5 cm-50 cm 이었다. 이결과로 볼 때 yellow patch의 발병 률은 잔디 종류와 품종 간에 큰 차이를 보였다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2016

본 시험은 벼 어린모 기계이앙 답에서 발생하는 일년생 잡초와 다년생잡초에 대한 방제효과를 알아보기 위하여 benzobicyclon을 기반으로 한 수면부상성 입제로 개발한 BAO UG와 BBF UG의 방제효과를 BIF SC와 비교하여 실험을 수행하였다. 시험약제인 BAO UG와 BBF UG의 잡초방제효과는 96% 이상으로 높게 나타났으며 벼에 대한 안전성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 후기생육 및 수확량에 있어서도 시험약제와 대조약제간에 차이가 없었으며 모두 벼에 대해 안전한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 본 시험에서 사용한 수면부상성 입제의 경우 쉽게 처리할 수 있다는 장점이 있어 벼 생력재배를 위해 이용 가능 할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국잔디학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잔디학회 2002년도 제15차 한국잔디학회 정기총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.3-5
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• 2002

This study was carried out to get better understandings about morphological, ecological, and genetical characteristics of annual bluegrass collected from different golf courses in Korea and eventually to establish a successful control strategy. Twenty five local lines of annual bluegrass collected from 20 golf courses in Korea were classified into annual or perennial type on the basis of morphological characteristics. Twelve local lines showing obvious morphological differences were selected and then genetically assessed using RAPD analysis. Classification of the 12 local lines through RAPD analysis were considerably similar to that determined by both of morphological differences and phenotype. Responses of the two types of annual blugrass to herbicides were also examined. Shoot growth of annual bluegrass was significantly suppressed by flazasulfuron and the annual type was more susceptible than perennial type, regardless of flazasulfuron concentrations used. By pendimethalin treatment, there was no clear difference in susceptibility between the two types of annual bluegrass. However, by the treatment of dithiopyr, annual type was more sensitive than perennial type in both shoot and root growth. Nine tree species were screened to detect their allelopathic potential on turfgrasses and annual bluegrass. Acacia (Robinia pseudo-acacia) leaves showed selective inhibition in the shoot and root growth as well as their seed germination when treated with 2% and 10%(v/v) of the extract. However, the other leaf extracts except acacia inhibited non-selectively the growth of three turfgrass species such as bentgrass, perennial ryegrass and zoysiagrass and annual bluegrass. The PAL activities of annual bluegrass increased at 24 h after treatment of acacia leaf extract and peaked at 36 h and then decreased till 60h. The highest PAL activity was observed at 36h after treatment of 10%. The highest activity of CA4H in annual bluegrass was observed at 2h after treatment of acacia extract and the level was 4 times greater than that of the control. The phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid, salicylic acid and ferulic acid were increased with the treatment of acacia leaf extract. The chloroplast membrane and cell wall of annual bluegrass were destroyed by treatment of acacia leaf extract and its inner materials were released. The membranes in annual bluegrass cells might be destroyed by phytotoxic compounds from acacia leaf extract.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 1995

This study is aimed to understand the effects of temperature, light and GA soaking treatment on the seed germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy', creeping hentgrass 'Penlinks', tall fescue 'Arid' and Kentucky hluegrass 'Nasaw'. These experiments are carried in vitro, and their results obtained are summarized as the followings ; The optimum temperature for seed germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' was found to he ranged at 20~30$^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperature for germination of creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks', tall fescue 'Arid' and kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' seeds was found to be ranged at 20~25$^{\circ}C$, whereas the germination percentage under the below or above temperature of this range decreased. The germination of perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' and tall fescue 'Arid' seeds showed no effect on light, and while the germination percentage of creeping hentgrass 'Penlinks' increased more highly under the dark condition than under the light condition. The germination percentage decreased according to the higher temperature. The germination of Kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' seeds increased more highly under the dark condition than under the light condition at 20~25$^{\circ}C$, whereas the germination percentage under the dark condition at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 30$^{\circ}C$ decreased. In case of GA soaking treatment of seeds, all the cool season turfgrasses tested showed their own promoting effects on seed germination. The early germination of tall fescue 'Arid' was good without the soaking times. Creeping bentgrass 'Penlinks' and perennial ryegrass 'Dandy' had re-spectively the highest germination percentage at 10min and 1hr soaking treatment, and the longer the soaking time, the lesser the germination percentage. Kentucky bluegrass 'Nasaw' obtained the best results at 24has soaking treatment, and the longer the soaking time, the better the ger-mination percentage.