• 대한신경과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.280-288
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• 2018

Vertigo/dizziness is a common complaint in patients who are seeking a primary health clinic. Vertigo is traditionally attributed to damage of the vestibular system. Many peripheral and central vestibular disorders are usually presented with vertigo. However, patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), a leading cause of vertigo, may present with postural lightheadedness, near faint, imbalance rather than true vertigo. On the contrary, patients with orthostatic hypotension may present with true spinning vertigo, not dizziness. Persistent postural perceptual dizziness, a second most common cause of dizziness (after BPPV), is mainly occurred after organic vestibular disorders such as BPPV or vestibular neuritis, and classified as a chronic functional vestibular disorder. This article describes non-vestibular disorders presenting dizziness and/or vertigos, which conditions may be misdiagnosed as structural vestibular disorders.

• 음성과학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2004

An auditory-perceptual rating scale has long been utilized in an evaluation procedure of Parkinsonian speech. This study attempted to investigate various variables and appropriate equal-interval rating scale for each variable. We collected speech samples from 27 patients with Parkinsonian speech disorders. A total of 25 variables and descriptions for each variable across phonatory, resonatory, and articulatory dimensions were included in the rating scale. The descriptive parts of each variable could increase the objectivity of the rating scale.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.24-28
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• 1997

Visual perception is a complex process engaging many different aspects of brain functioning. Like other cognitive functions, the extensive cortical distribution and complexity of visual perceptional activites make them hihgly vulnerable to brain injury. Dectection and characterization of perceptual disorders require a careful clinical assessment as well as the application of selected neuropsychological tests. In this article we reviewed neuropsychological assessment of visual perception and constructional abilities. And the principal visuospatial disorders are discussed, the associated neuropsychiatric disorders are presented.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2002

Background and Objectives : Patients with so-called 'functional voice disorders' who have structurally normal larynges and demonstrate muscle misuse in the larynx, and those with several interacting causes including habitual muscle tension, are probably better defined as having a 'muscle misuse voice disorder'. The purpose of this study was to analyze the voice and effectiveness of voice therapy in patients with functional voice disorders and to provide a guide for the treatment of functional voice disorder. Materials and Method : The records of 35 patients, presenting with functional voice disorder and receiving voice therapy during October, 2001 to September, 2002, were reviewed. Prior to voice therapy, the stroboscopic examination of their larynx, aerodynamic and acoustic analysis was done. The results of voice therapy were compared according to the patient's subjective, perceptual evaluation of voice, and maximal phonation time. Results : Patient's subjective, perceptual evaluation, and maximal phonation time showed superior results after voice therapy. Conclusion : The result of this study indicates that voice therapy is an effective treatment method of patients with functional voice disorder, especially muscular tension dysphonia.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.191-206
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• 2018

Purpose : This study investigated the correlation between speech intelligibility and acoustic measurements of speech sounds produced by the children with speech sound disorders and children without any diagnosed speech sound disorder. Methods : A total of 60 children with and without speech sound disorders were the subjects of this study. Speech samples were obtained by having the subjects? speak meaningful words. Acoustic measurements were analyzed on a spectrogram using the Multi-speech 3700 program. Speech intelligibility was determined according to a listener's perceptual judgment. Results : Children with speech sound disorders had significantly lower speech intelligibility than those without speech sound disorders. The intensity of the vowel /u/, the duration of the vowel /${\omega}$/, and the second formant of the vowel /${\omega}$/ were significantly different between both groups. There was no difference in voice onset time between the groups. There was a correlation between acoustic measurements and speech intelligibility. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the speech intelligibility of children with speech sound disorders was affected by intensity, word duration, and formant frequency. It is necessary to complement clinical setting results using acoustic measurements in addition to evaluation of speech intelligibility.

• 음성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.201-219
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• 2003

Background: The perceptual assessment is generally performed by the voice specialist. The objective evaluation is performed in a voice laboratory. Research in voice laboratories has generated a variety of different objective tests and parameters. The perceptual evaluation is one of the most controversial topics in voice research. Review of literature reveals a wide variety of rating scales and reliability data fluctuating from study to study. Unfortunately, there is no widely accepted valid method for classifying voice disorders and assessing outcome after voice treatment. Objectives: The goals of this research were to identify important objective acoustic parameters of vocal quality, and to establish an objective and quantitative correlate of the perceived vocal quality. Materials and Methods : We evaluated the voice analyzed data from 122 dysphonic patients and 20 normal volunteers. A computerized speech lab. 4300B(CSL) was used to carry out the analysis of each voice sample. Results: Three dysphonia severity indices(DSI) were created using discriminant analysis. DSI is based on the weighted combination of the following selected set of acoustic parameters: absolute jitter(Jita in us), smoothed pitch period perturbation (sPPQ in %), amplitude perturbation quotient(APQ in %), soft phonation index(SPI), average fundamental frequency(Fo in Hz), lowest fundamental frequency(Flo in Hz), and smoothed amplitude perturbation quotient(sAPQ in %). The DSI, being the discriminating rule calculated by the logistic regression, consists of three equation based on statistically significant acoustic parameters. Three DSI were created to reflects best the degree of hoarseness as expressed by G from the GRBAS scale. The more positive this DSI is for a patient, the worse the vocal quality. The more it is negative, the better it is. The effect of sex is included implicitly in the DSI-1 and DSI-2, so that a separate DSI-1 and DSI-2 for males and females need not be used. The DSI is objective because no perceptual input is required for its calculation. Conculsion : This research demonstrates that the voice function values calculated from three different multivariate objective dysphonia severity indices are significantly associated with subjective voice assessments. These multivariate objective dysphonia severity indices may be appropriate for use in clinical trials and outcomes research on treatment effectiveness for voice disorders.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.108-116
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 정상 집단과 성대결절 집단의 음성을 음향학적 측정(AVQI), 청지각적 평가(GRBAS, CAPE-V)를 수행하여 그 차이와 상관관계를 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 성대결절 환자 335명의 음성 샘플을 음향학적으로 분석하고, 3명의 평가자를 통해서 청지각적 평가를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 정상 집단의 AVQI, grade(G), overall severity(OS) 점수는 성대결절 집단의 점수보다 낮게 평가되었다. 청지각적 척도간의 상관관계에서는 GRBAS의 G 척도와 CAPE-V의 OS 척도는 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났고, 음향학적 측정 AVQI와 G, OS 간의 상관관계도 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 두 집단 간의 AVQI, G, OS를 감별하는 역치값은 각각 ${\leq}4.06$, ${\leq}1$, ${\leq}26$ 였으며, 예측진단력은 0.840, 0.860,0.848이었다. 결론적으로 AVQI와 청지각적 평가를 통하여 성대결절 음성에 대한 선별 가능성을 높일 수 있고, 음성장애의 진단 및 치료 계획수립에 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2022

Dysphonia is well known as one of the otolaryngological symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The vocal changes of the COVID-19 condition have been reported in terms of parameters of multi-dimensional voice assessment, including acoustic analysis, auditory-perceptual evaluation, and psychometric assessment. However, there has not been a daily followup study in patients with acute COVID-19 infection. In this study, a 41-year-old male performed daily voice recordings of vowel phonation and passage-reading tasks during the self-quarantine period of one week. Compared to the normal voice status of the prepandemic period, voice abnormalities peaked on day two after the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection and recovered after one week.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 1999

목 적: 지각 장애가 어떤 뇌의 부위와 기능에 장애가 있을 때 발생되는지를 알아보기 위해 정신과와 뇌손상 환자에서 신경심리 검사와 지각 장애와 관계성을 조사하였다. 방 법: 정신과 환자 69명, 뇌손상 환자 50명, 총 119명에서 Halstead Reitan 신경 심리 검사와 K-WAIS, MMPI를 시행하였다. MMPI 항목 중 지각 장애와 관계되는 9개 항목에서 산출된 점수와 신경심리 검사의 결과와의 상관 관계를 조사하였다. 또 정신과 환자에서 지각 장애 점수가 높은 지각 장애군 21명과 지각 장애가 없는 지각 장애 17명을 t-test로 비교하였다. 결 과: 뇌손상 환자군에서 지각 장애가 전두엽 기능을 보는 범주화 검사, 선로 잇기 검사, 촉각 수행 검사, 손끝 숫자 쓰기 검사와 우측 반구 기능을 보는 촉각 수행 검사의 위치, 동작성 점수, 빠진곳 찾기, 차례 맞추기, 토막 짜기 등과 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다. 또 피질하 기능을 보는 숫자 상징, 산수, 숫자 외우기와 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다. 정신과 환자의 높은 지각 장애군은 우측 반구 편측화 지수와 빠진 곳 찾기, 토막 짜기와 같은 우측 반구 기능에서 유의한 차이가 있었고, 또 이해, 어휘, 공통성과 같은 좌측 반구 기능에서도 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결 론: 지각 장애는 전두엽, 우측 반구, 피질하 구조의 기능과 깊은 연관성을 가지고 발생이 되며, 정신과 환자군에서는 좌측 반구의 기능도 영향을 주는 것으로 생각된다.

• 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.19-35
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• 2000

Speech evaluation and treatment planning for the patients with articulation disorders have traditionally been based on perceptual judgement by speech pathologists. Recently, various computerized speech analysis systems have been developed and commonly used in clinical settings to obtain the objective and quantitative data and specific treatment strategies. 10 dysarthric children (6 neurogenic and 4 functional dysarthria) participated in this experiment. Speech evaluation of dysarthria was performed in two ways; first, the acoustic analysis by Visi-Pitch and a Computerized Speech Lab and second, the perceptual scoring of phonetic errors rates in 100 word test. The results of the initial evaluation served as primary guidlines for the indivisualized treatment planning of each patient's speech problems. After mean treatment period of 5 months, the follow-up data of both dysarthric groups showed increased maximum phonation time, increased alternative motion rate and decreased occurrence of articulatory deviation. The changes of acoustic data and therapeutic effects were more prominent in children with dysarthria due to neurologic causes than with functional dysarthria. Three cases including their pre- and post treatment data were illustrated in detail.