• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.239-254
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• 1996

Health services on industrial noisy environment have been provided only for noise-induced hearing loss management until now. But gradually, modem diseases and death have come to be related to stress and mental health deeply, therefore noise-induced mental disorder, like a stress became very important. In this point, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between noise exposure level in worksite and workers' stress symptoms. This study included a survey of 786 manual workers selected from 89 worksites in 21 factories in Puchon. The results were as follows: 1. For demographic characteristics, most of the workers were males(80.8%), the $20\sim29years$ old were 34.5% and those who graduated from high school were 65.3%. The workers whose monthly income ranged from 100,000 to 800,000 won were 37.5% and who have a religion were 47.9%. 2. For occupational characteristics, workers who had worked $1\sim5$ years in the factories were 33.0%. Those who were much for them workload were 43.9% and who worked more than 8 hours a day were 73.9%. Those who were disatisfied with their job and pay were 31.9% and 50.6%. The workers who responsed ventilation condition of their worksites were bad were 51.9% and the dissatisfed with working environment of their worksites were 45.9%. 3. Workers who were suffering from tinnitus were 53.3% and those who perceived hearing loss were 50.1%. Persons who reported they always wore earplugs at work were 35.4%. Those who felt earplugs bigger than their ears were 30.6% and those who experienced eardiseases caused by earplugs were 25.6%. 4. For the noise exposure level in worksite, workers who were exposed to $80\sim90dB$ were 30.3%, $90\sim100dB$ were 26.4% and $50\sim70dB$ were 19.2%. 5. Workers' stress symptoms were significantly related to marital status and their monthly income(p<0.05). Workers who were single and had lower monthly income showed higher PSI (Psychiatric Symptom Index) scores than those who were married and had higher monthly income. Higher PSI scores were also significantly related to $1\sim2$ days hight-work per week, much for them workload, dissatisfaction with their job, and bad relationship with their bosses and coworkers. 6. Higher PSI scores were significantly related to severe tinnitus and perceived hearing losso(p<0.001). Workers who felt the earplugs they use did not fit their ears showed significantly higher PSI scores(p<0.01). Workers who reported that they did not feel they need earplugs showed. significantly higher PSI scores (p<0.05). Increased experience of eardisease caused by earplugs that did not fit were also significantly related to higher PSI scores(p<0.01). 7. The higher noise exposure level in worksite from 80dB was, the more severe stress symptoms including PSI subparts were reported; Anxiety, Anger, Depression, and Cognitive disorder(p<0.001). 5. According to the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, factors affecting workers' PSI scores were perceived hearing loss$(R^2=0.160)$, noise exposure level in worksite$(R^2=0.110)$, realtionship with coworkers, amount of workload, monthly income and relationship with bosses orderly and the total $R^2$ of this 6 factors was 0.371. 9. The most significant factors that have impact on manual workers' stress symptoms were perceived hearing loss and noise exposure level in worksite, especially noise exposure level in the worksite was the most affective factor on the depression symptom.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1266-1271
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• 2009

Formwork layout is perceived as important due to its strong tie to site works. But, most formwork is done manually and influenced by worker's skill and thus, a lot of construction errors occur. The introduction of BIM (Building Information Modeling) enables acquiring more precise information on the building shape, dimension, structure, etc. than 2D-based drawings and thus, the increased productivity, such as reduction of workload and work times, and the economic efficiency, such as reduction of formwork types and form dimensions with the consideration of constructability, are expected. This study reviewed the previous studies and formwork layout systems to derive this study's differentiations and factors to be first considered for formwork planning were derived by analyzing priorities against consideration factors. Last, a flow chart and algorithm were developed to apply the derived factors to the formwork layout module.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.24-37
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the current status of nutrition education via a free learning semester program (NE). The understanding of the program, the potential difficulties, and future initiatives for NE improvement were also investigated. Methods: A total number of 161 nutrition teachers from Gwangju and Jeonnam filled in a questionnaire and participated in this survey, which was performed from July to August 2019. Results: Our results showed that 8.1% of the nutrition teachers had taught nutrition education in free learning semester programs. The most frequently implemented model was subject selection, followed by club activities. Most of the nutrition teachers comprehended the purpose of NE. The attitude of nutrition teachers to NE differed by the understanding of its purpose. Positive attitude was evident due to a better understanding of the purpose by nutrition teachers. Nutrition teachers reported the most common difficulties of NE were the lack of preparation due to the heavy workload and the lack of a standard running program. The most effective method of NE was the activity classes. The experience of practicing NE influenced the choice of contents for each operating model. Nutrition teachers that were experienced in NE conducted via free learning semester programs preferred the selected topics model, but those without experience chose the career search model. Conclusions: Although some obstacles exist, nutrition teachers had a positive attitude and perceived well the importance of NE. Therefore, the awareness for the significance of NE of nutrition teachers needs to be improved. For better NE practice, it is necessary to reduce/ manage the workload of general food service. Furthermore, the development of standard running and promotion programs, and teacher training programs should be ensured.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2019

본 연구는 간호사의 정서적 소진의 정도와 영향요인을 알아보고 간호사의 업무 부담과 정서적 소진과의 관련성을 파악하기 위하여 다수준 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 연구대상은 2010년 보건의료산업노동조합에서 실시한 교육에 참여하고 설문에 응답한 간호사 중 65개병원의 3,083명이다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 간호사의 71.6%가 정서적 소진을 경험하였으며 정서적 소진의 평균점수는 33.54점이었다. 둘째, 비간호 업무 경험은 정서적 소진에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, '충분한 간호인력'변수는 정서적 소진을 높였다. 넷째, '간호등급'은 간호사당 4병상 이상에 비해 3.5-3.9 병상만이 정서적 소진과 유의한 관련성을 보였다. 다섯째, 내과병동에서 근무하는 경우(OR=2.05)와 임상경력이 짧을수록 정서적 소진을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 간호 업무 부담을 나타내는 '비간호 업무 경험', '충분한 간호인력', '간호등급'의 3가지 변수 모두 정서적 소진을 간호사 수준과 병원 수준에서 설명력 있는 유의한 변수였다. 또한 '근무부서', '임상경력'도 정서적 소진을 설명하는 유의한 변수임이 나타났다. 즉, 비간호 업무 경험이 많을수록, 간호 인력이 충분하지 않다고 인식할수록, 간호사당 침상수가 많을수록, 내과부서에 근무하는 경우, 임상경력이 짧을수록, 정서적 소진을 나타내었다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2013

헬스장을 이용하고는 싶지만 과한 업무량과 지리적 위치, 시간 등 여러 가지 이유로 이용에 제한이 있다. 그래서 집에서 간단히 할 수 있는 유/무산소 운동을 즐기되, 혼자 하는 지루함을 잊게 하고 옆에서 누군가 코치(케어)해 줄 수 있는가에 대한 발상에 힘입어 헬스케어 어플리케이션 개발에 착수하게 되었다. 본 연구는 인터넷/매장에서 쉽게 접할 수 있는 MicroSoft Kinect 하드웨어를 사용하였고 키넥트를 이용 사용자를 인식하고, 3D 모델을 모델링하여 인식된 사용자와 맵핑시켜 동작을 컨트롤하고 몸무게, 칼로리를 케어하는 프로그램을 구현하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2017

This study analyzed how mental health affects stress in adolescents. The subjects of the study were data of about 60,000 middle and high school students living in the country, using cross-tabulation data and chi - square test to analyze the relationship between stress and mental health of adolescents. As a result of the research, it was found that the adolescents exposed to the excessive stress showed a poor correlation with the recovery of the fatigue, while the adolescents with relatively low stress showed the good recovery of fatigue. In the case of mental illness, depression or despair, the students who answered that they were stressed showed a lot of experience. In the case of suicide ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide attempt, the number of attempts to commit suicide was high when the level of perceived stress was high similar to the result of previous analysis. This finding confirms that stress is an important factor in the quality of life in adolescent mental health. It can be used as a strategy and business to prevent the problem of youth suicide in modern society in advance by stress management.

• 대한치위생과학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the state of conflicts among dental health care workers. A survey was conducted on 266 dental hygienists and nursing assistants who worked in dental institutions from September 12 to November 13, 2017, and SPSS(statistical package for the social science) version 20.0 was employed to analyze the collected data. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. The most common reason of the dental hygienists for turnover was working hours and heavy workload(24.6%), followed by pay (22.6%), conflicts with dentists(16.0%) and conflicts with colleagues (11.3%). The most dominant reason of the nursing assistants for turnover was pay(31.1%), followed by working hours(24.4%), heavy workload(17.8%), conflicts with dentists(15.6%) and conflicts with colleagues(8.9%). 2. The largest reason for unsuccessful communication with dentists was that heavy workload reduced the opportunity to communicate well(54.5%). The second biggest reason was that they couldn't communicate well though they had the opportunity(24.0%), and the third greatest reason was that they tended to lag behind dentists in terms of professional knowledge(16.9%). 3. The biggest reason for unsuccessful communication among the dental health care workers was that they didn't have a lot of chances to communicate well on account of heavy workload(41.0%). The second largest reason was the differences in professional knowledge(24.9%), and the third greatest reason was that they couldn't communicate well though they had the chance(23.7%). 4. The most dominant reason for conflicts with dentists was the difference in power(24.0%), followed by poor communication skills(22.1%) and a lack of mutual respect(18.1%). But the opinions of the nursing assistants were different from those of the dental hygienists, as they cited poor communication skills as the most common reason, which was followed by the difference in power and a shortage of understanding of each other's work. 5. The most common reason for conflicts among the dental health care workers was a shortage of communication and communication skills(22.9%), and the second most dominant reasons were a lack of mutual respect and poor understanding of each other's work(17.5%), followed by a lack of mutual respect(17.2%). 6. As to the ways of resolving conflicts with dentists, the most common case was making some mutual concessions to compromise (28.9%), followed by delivering opinions through the staff meeting (23.9%), resolving conflicts by candidly exchanging opinions(15.8%), avoiding each other in moderation(11.7%) and following the opinions or assertions of dentists(1.3%). 7. Concerning the conflict resolution methods among the dental health care workers, the most prevalent way was making some mutual concessions to compromise(36.4%), followed by resolving conflicts by candidly exchanging opinions(23.0%) and conveying opinions through the staff meeting(18.5%). 8. Regarding communication among the dental health care workers, the dental hygienists(3.53±.729) considered themselves to be better at communicating than the nursing assistants(3.29±.745) did(p<0.05), and the dental hygienists(3.45±.809) who thought there was respectful treatment among workers who were different in occupational categories found themselves to be better than the nursing assistants(3.21±.952) who had the same thought did(p<0.05). As a result of analyzing whether frequent job-related meetings occurred among the workers whose occupational categories were different, the dental hygienists(3.05±.975) perceived that there were more frequent meetings than the nursing assistants(2.67±.955) did (p<0.01).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.1774-1784
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• 2014

학교급식소의 HACCP 시스템 적용에 대한 수행 수준과 장애요인 인식을 조사하여 학교급식 HACCP 시스템의 보다 효율적인 적용과 개선방안을 마련하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 수행하였다. 급식 유형과 급식 운영 형태는 농 어촌형 60.8%, 자체조리 64.3%, 식당배식이 91.6%로 대부분을 차지하였다. HACCP 시스템 수행 수준은 조리종사원 대상 HACCP에 근거한 교육 실시가 4.02로 가장 높게 나타났으며, HACCP팀 회의 개최 및 회의록 작성 비치가 2.74로 가장 낮았다. 학교급식 CCP의 수행 수준 인식은 전체 4.20으로 비교적 잘 수행되는 것으로 나타났다. CCP 1: 식단의 작성이 3.90으로 가장 낮았고, CCP 4: 냉장 냉동고 온도관리 4.44, CP 5: 생채소 과일 세척 및 소독은 4.44로 높게 조사되었다. 학교 일반사항에 따른 수행 수준에서는 도시형이 농 어촌형에 비해 총 급식인원수가 많을수록 수행 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). HACCP 시스템 장애요인 인식에서 '전반적인 장애요인'과 '조리종사원의 HACCP 수행', '학교 팀장 및 예산지원부서의 협력'이 대부분 3.0이상으로 높게 나타났으며, '영양(교)사의 HACCP 수행'은 2.81로 가장 낮았다. 시설 설비 부족 4.00, 교육청의 예산지원 미비 3.90, 납품업체의 HACCP 시스템에 대한 이해부족 3.72 순으로 높은 장애요인으로 인식되었다. 학교급식 HACCP 시스템의 성공적인 적용을 위해서는 영양(교)사 및 조리종사원에 대한 교육, 훈련을 통한 동기부여가 가장 중요하게 해결되어야 할 요소이며, 학교 당국의 행정적 지원과 교육청의 예산 확보를 통한 위생 전담 인력지원도 하루빨리 해결해야 할 요소이다. 또한 표준위생작업절차 등의 선행요건을 개발하여 HACCP 시스템을 보다 효율적으로 적용할 수 있는 기반을 마련하여야 할 것이다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.95-110
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• 2015

In this study, an analysis of the actual conditions and needs regarding elementary school teacher's levels of cooperation was conducted. This was done from the assumption that it is essential for good communication and cooperation to exist between elementary school teachers and after-school care teachers to provide the most reliable after-school care environment possible. Individual interviews with 6 elementary school teachers were conducted, and the results of the data analysis were as follows. First, the necessity for close communication and interaction between teachers was clearly established, due to the obvious advantages obtained from cooperation on supporting children and improving the teacher's levels of expertise. However, contrary to this, the elementary school teachers in fact did not have very good communication between themselves and the after-school care teachers. Second, the problems in cooperation revealed a degree of disapproval regarding the perceived independence of after-school care teacher's duties, a sense of burden arising from interaction with a large number of teachers, the lack of communication time due to the workload of elementary school teachers, and the lack of material resources. Third, teachers further stated that although they were generally interested in after-school care classes, and showed approval of the role of after-school care teachers, regular meetings, and an expansion of the current messenger systems of communication with after-school teachers are clearly needed.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to examine the levels of job stress and job burnout perceived by nutrition teachers and dietitians in school foodservice in Gyeongsangnam province and to analyze job stress factors affecting job burnout. A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed from December 10 to 29, 2010 and 252 were returned (response rate : 93.3%). A total of 245 were used in the final analysis (usage rate : 90.7%), excluding seven improper questionnaires. The results of this study were as follows : 100% of the respondents were women, and their mean age was 38. 60% were nutrition teachers and 40% were dietitians. The level of job stress and job burnout of the respondents were 2.89 points (on a 5-point Likert scale) and 3.70 (on a 7-point Likert scale), respectively. In regard to job stress factors, job demand (3.97) recorded the highest scores, followed by organizational system (2.99), lack of reward (2.85), interpersonal conflict (2.69), job insecurity (2.63), organizational climate (2.63), and insufficient job control (2.45) in that order. Exhaustion burnout (4.60) recorded the highest points among job burnout factors, followed by cynicism (3.46), and professional efficacy (3.04) in that order. Job stress factors affecting job burnout were organizational system (p<.001), job insecurity (p<.001), lack of reward (p<.001), and organizational climate (p<.01). In conclusion, it is necessary to provide human resources management strategies to lower job demand and workload in order to reduce job stress and job burnout for dietitians and nutrition teachers in school foodservice.