• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.12-30
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• 2009

The relationship between marine environmental improvement and environmental perception of the inhabitants was investigated. For this purpose, the seawater and bottom materials were analysed. Apart from this, the questionnaire surveys were also conducted around the Sun-so coastal area. In order to examine the improvement in the marine environment, 12 monitoring sites, which are located around Sun-so coast and can be divided into two parts such as inland (GW1-GW6) and outland (GW7-GW12) sea, were chosen. All the collected samples were analyzed to find out the quality of seawater (temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen: DO, chemical oxygen demand: COD and suspend solid: SS), nutrients (total nitrogen: TN and phosphate: $PO_4-P$) and bottom materials (COD, volatile solids: VS) as per the standard analytical procedures. In addition, the questionnaire mainly focused on the following three factors: 1) social economy, 2) dependent environmental awareness and 3) independent environmental awareness related with the environmental education. The monitoring studies indicated that the marine environment of the Sun-so coast showed various trends for analyzing parameter. No significant temporal changes in temperature, pH and salinity were observed. However, the other parameters showed decreasing (COD, SS, TN, $PO_4-P$ and VS) and increasing (DO) trends according to the quality of seawater and bottom materials. The questionnaire survey clearly showed that most of the residents in Sun-so recognized the improvement of marine environment as compared with the situation experienced in the past. The dredging project which is closely related with economic and living conditions of the local residents led to alter the environmental perceptions and attitudes. The survey also indicated that the inhabitants perceived the necessity of the environmental education (87% of respondents) and preferred regular schooling (55% of respondents) as effective and practical education methods.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.188-199
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aims to understand schools' response to infectious disease, perceived problems and suggestions, with regard to the 2015 MERS outbreak in South Korea, in order to improve the infectious disease response system. Methods: Data were collected by focus group interviews with three groups composed of school health teachers, other teachers, and parents in Seoul-located schools. Results: The major theme was "Schools' Discretionary Response in the Absence of the Control Tower." Four major categories and 11 sub-categories were drawn from the findings. Four major categories were as follows: (a) Temperature monitoring caused lots of complaints, (b) Closure decisions were left at the discretion of schools, (c) Precautions are now being more emphasized, and (d) The support system were malfunctioning. Conclusion: The main areas to be improved are as follows: (1) School district offices should have an expanded role in infectious disease response and build cooperative partnerships with health authorities. (2) Preparedness for infectious disease should be strengthened. (3) Temperature monitoring systems should be improved, (4) Closure decisions should be made at a local community level. These are expected to help schools establish advanced infectious disease response systems.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.249-263
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• 2019

In the current paper, an exact solution method is carried out for analyzing the thermo-mechanical vibration of curved FG nano-beams subjected to uniform thermal environmental conditions, by considering porosity distribution via nonlocal strain gradient beam theory for the first time. Nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory is adopted to consider the size effects in which the stress for not only the nonlocal stress field but also the strain gradients stress field is considered. It is perceived that during manufacturing of functionally graded materials (FGMs) porosities and micro-voids can be occurred inside the material. Material properties of curved porous FG nanobeam are assumed to be temperature-dependent and are supposed to vary through the thickness direction of beam which modeled via modified power-law rule. Since variation of pores along the thickness direction influences the mechanical and physical properties, porosity play a key role in the mechanical response of curved FG nano-structures. The governing equations and related boundary condition of curved porous FG nanobeam under temperature field are derived via the energy method based on Timoshenko beam theory. An analytical Navier solution procedure is utilized to achieve the natural frequencies of porous FG curved nanobeam supposed to thermal loading. The results for simpler states are confirmed with known data in the literature. The effects of various parameters such as nonlocality parameter, porosity volume fractions, thermal effect, gradient index, opening angle and aspect ratio on the natural frequency of curved FG porous nanobeam are successfully discussed. It is concluded that these parameters play key roles on the dynamic behavior of porous FG curved nanobeam. Presented numerical results can serve as benchmarks for future analyses of curve FG nanobeam with porosity phases.

• 대한간호
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1996

Nursing Diagnosis has evolved in the guest to define nursing and its functions. But for the application to clinical practice an unified system of terminology that helps nurses to assess selected data and identify potential or actual client problems is required. Consistent terminology that captures the real meanings of the nursing diagnosis makes oral and written communication more accurate and efficient. Therefore,' this study was performed to deliver a Korean-translated version of the nursing diagnoses through the process of content validity tests and translations. Data collection for the first content validity test was done from June 27, 1996 to August 1. 1996. Among 20 questionnaires only 16 were used for analysis. With the results of content validity, the list of 109 nursing diagnoses were reviewed by two linguists, one specialized in Korean and the other in English. To clear confusion on a diagnostic label "Incontinence" a urology specialist was invited for consultation. From this analysis and discussions a total of 98 nursing diagnoses was delivered and quesitons containing 98. 98 diagnoses were mailed to 741 subjects to test content validity from August 13, 1996 to October 7, 1996. Among 741 questionnaires, 343 were used for analysis. Total mean score of the diagnoses was 4.30 on the 5 point likert scale. The diagnoses that acquired less than 3.50 were "High risk for altered body temperature"(3.34), "Ineffective thermoregulation" (3.34), "Perceived cosntipation"(3.24). "Stress incontinence"(3.42), "Ineffective airway clearance"(3. 48), "Altered sexuality patterns"(3.35).

• Journal of Information Display
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2007

The temporal dark image sticking phenomena are examined and compared for the two different electrode structures such as the face-to-face and coplanar sustain electrode structure. To compare the temporal dark image sticking phenomena for both structures, the differences in the infrared emission profile, luminance, and perceived luminance of the image sticking cells and the non image sticking cells were measured. It is observed that the temporal dark image sticking is mitigated for the face-to-face structure. The mitigation of the temporal dark image sticking for the face-to-face structure is due to the slight increase in the panel temperature induced by the ITO-less electrode structure.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.247-263
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• 2001

To evaluate customer satisfaction of hotel food and beverage products, developing items for the measurement is necessary through studying the properties of food and beverage products. The properties consist of human service, physical and systematic service. Human service includes appearance and uniforms, courtesy and kindness, quickness and precision of the service, well-educatedness, moral sense and etc. Physical service includes the taste of food and beverage, diversity of food and beverage, outlets' cleanness and atmosphere, refinement of fixture, furnishing and table ware, the admission passage to the hotel and parking lot facilities, and etc. Systematic service includes passages of movement to outlet, arrangement of outlet, reservation management system, operation of events and package goods, temperature and ventilation system and etc. The price is also one of important variables to measure customer satisfaction index, so it is included to the investigating items. As shown some hotels have several satisfactory items but most items are unsatisfactory because expected service is better than perceived service. Therefore, the hotels which lack human service need the reinforcement of service education, the hotels which lack physical and systematic services need the improvement, the development and the renovation according to the unsatisfactory items. And the hotels whose price item is unsatisfactory need to consider the policy.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.15-47
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• 2021

성페로몬은 곤충 종 특이적으로 교미신호를 전달하는 화학신호물질이다. 곤충의 촉각에는 이러한 성페로몬 화학물질을 받아들이는 특이적 수용체를 지닌다. 성페로몬이 이 수용체에 결합하면서 감각전위를 발생시키고 이는 대뇌로 전달되어 정보 인식을 통해 교미행동을 유발하게 한다. 성페로몬은 또한 해충의 발생을 모니터링하는 데 이용되어 온도발육모델과 더불어 향후 발생상황을 예측하는 데 널리 이용되고 있다. 더불어 성페로몬이 해충의 대량포획, 유살 또는 교미교란을 유발하여 직접적으로 방제에 응용된다. 본 종설은 성페로몬과 관련된 곤충 생리 및 이를 이용한 해충관리기술을 소개한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.93-106
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• 2016

이 연구는 제안한 평균복사온도의 차감비교기법을 통해 도시림이 여름철 옥외 환경에 미치는 온열완화를 정량적으로 추정하고 평가는 것을 목적으로 한다. 항공 라이다 측량시스템 기반 3차원 점군자료로부터 도시림이 있는 모의 대상지와 도시림이 없는 모의 대상지 두 사례를 구축하여 SOLWEIG 기반에서 평균복사온도를 산출하고 두 값들을 비교 및 분석하였다. 연구를 통해 도시림 캐노피가 연구지역 전체 일평균 $T_{mrt}$를 약 $5^{\circ}C$ 정도 저감하며 태양의 위치와 지면 조건에 따라 시간평균 $T_{mrt}$가 $33^{\circ}C$까지 저감될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결과들은 도시미기후 지표(풍속, 습도, 대기 온도 등) 및 생명기상(인지온도 등) 연구들을 향상시키고 더불어 삼림 기반 공공 녹색정책 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2010

바지교복의 활성화를 위하여 서울시 여자 중고등학교 학생들의 바지교복 착용현황과 바지교복에 대한 인식을 살펴보았다. 하의교복으로 동복과 하복 모두 '스커트만 착용'이 가장 많았으며, '바지만 착용'은 하복보다 동복에서 높게 나타났다. 스커트를 착용하는 이유는 동복과 하복 모두 '다수의 친구들이 스커트를 입어서'가 가장 많았고, 하복의 경우 '바지교복이 없어서'가 그 다음으로 높게 나타났다. 바지교복은 동복은 '온도변화에 대처할 수 있어서', 하복은 '활동이 편리해서' 주로 입는 것으로 나타났다. 바지교복 착용에 대해서는 대체로 만족하고 있었다. 그러나 바지교복 디자인과 색상에 대해서는 만족하지 못하였으며, '바지통이 좁은 스타일'과 '스트레이트 스타일'의 디자인을 선호하고, 색상은 동복과 하복 모두 검정색, 다음으로 베이지와 청색계열을 선호하였다. 여학생들은 바지교복의 필요성에 대해 전체적으로 낮게 인식하고 있었다. 동복과 하복 모두 바지를 착용하는 집단은 필요성을 높게, 스커트만 착용하는 집단은 낮게 인식하였다. 바지교복은 추위에 견디기 좋으며 활동하기에 편하지만 외모를 돋보이게 하거나 개성을 잘 표현할 수 있지 않다고 인식하였다. 바지를 착용하는 집단은 스커트만 착용하는 집단보다 바지교복이 옷차림에 신경을 떨 쓰게 하고, 방과 후에 입고 다니기 좋다고 하였다. 바지교복에 대한 개선방안으로 디자인과 색상의 개선, 기능성의 증가, 홍보의 필요성 등이 나타났다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.409-419
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 국내 기상관측소 중 관측년수가 30년 이상인 관측소 63개 지점을 대상으로 9개의 수문기상수문인자 즉, 연강수량, 연강수일수, 연평균기온, 연평균상대습도, 연일조시간, 연증발량, 연강수계속시간, 연적설일수, 연신적설일수 자료를 각 지점별로 수집하고, 수문기상인자에 대한 기본통계량, 선형회귀분석, 이동평균법을 통해 수문기상인자의 기본적인 특성을 알아보았다. 또한 통계학적기법인 Hotelling-Pabst 검정과 Mann-Kendall 검정을 통해 경향성을 분석하였다. 기본통계량 분석결과 우리나라의 기후특성상 여름철에 강우가 집중되며, 계절별 강수량의 편차가 큰 전형적인 특성을 확인할 수 있었다. 선형회귀 분석과 5년 이동평균법을 통해서는 시간이 경과함에 따라 연강수량과 연평균기온은 증가, 연평균상대습도와 연일조시간은 감소, 연강수일수는 지점별로 증가 또는 감소하는 추세를 보였다. Hotelling-Pabst 검정과 Mann-Kendall 검정을 통한 경향성분석에서는 연평균상대습도, 연평균기온에서 공통적으로 경향성이 나타났으며, 연강수량, 연강수일수, 연일조시간은 지역에 따라 상이한 결과를 보였다.