• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.35-49
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze variables associated with smoking and selected health behaviors. This study targeted adult men and women over 20 of age. The sample population was drawn from the national sample, and the samples were chosen from the telephone book. A total of 1,500 cases were collected through a telephone based interview survey. As a tool for this study, a structured questionnaire was developed. the variables included self-perceived health status, and selected 7 health behaviors; smoking behavior, physical activities, eating habit, weight control, alcohol consumption, stress management, and cancer exam. The healthy life practice actions of Trans-theoretical model have been classified into five stages. Smokers were more likely than non-smokers to positive attitudes toward smoking and the impact of smoking in this study. This means that smokers's awareness toward the impact of smoking is very week. Smoking behavior was significantly related to other health related behaviors based on the correlation analysis. However, gender, engaging in regular physical activities, moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages, and receiving a cancer examination were the variables that can explain and predict a person's stages of adopting a non-smoking behavior. Self perceived health status was closely related to other health behaviors. Gender, age, and monthly household income were important demographic variables that have significant relationship with the self-perceived health status. Among the health behaviors, regular physical activities and weight control were significant predictable variables. Similar results have been found in the National health and Nutrition examination survey in Korea. As a result of this study, it was found that among the selected health behaviors, engaging in physical activity was an important variable to increase positive sense of health and non-smoking behaviors. Educational and policy level input is needed to increase awareness and provide chances to participate in fitness activities. To those who maintain exercise, the environmental support and diffusion of knowledge information and education data should be strengthened. To change attitudes toward smoking, more in-dept awareness campaign and education should be provided according to people's different behavioral status. In addition, not only diffusing health education data and delivering knowledge information through related programs, but also environmental support system that helps an individual maintain his/her action is required. Such a support system means settlement of the health enhancement base of school, workplace and community should be carried out, and the policy level support and regular programs should be provided and spread to the unit of community.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.334-342
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors that influence on self-determination for withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment in the community dwelling elderly. Methods: This study used a descriptive correlational design. A convenience sample of 201 elderly were recruited from a welfare center located in Seoul, Korea. Data collection was done from September 1 to September 18, 2015. Four survey questionnaires were used: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Life Satisfaction Index-Z (LSI-Z), Attitude on Do Not Resuscitate (DNR), and Self-determination for Withdrawing Life-sustaining Treatment. Data analysis was done by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierrarchical multiple regression. Results: Hierarchial multiple regression showed that the factors predicting the level of self-determination for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment were educational level, DNR experience in family, life satisfaction, and DNR attitude. These factors explained 44% of the self-determination for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment in community dwelling elderly. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest developing educational programs aiming at changing elderly's DNR attitude positive ways so that they can enhance self-determination for withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. Further study is needed with more elderly population in extended areas.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.233-243
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the level of the Perceived Social Support and Instrument Activities of Daily Living(IADL) of the elderly. The subjects were 239 individuals of 65 years of age and over, living in Taegu city and Kyungpook Province. The data were collected through interviews with questionnaires from July 20 to August 30, 1998, and analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, Pearson Correlation, t-test and ANOVA using the SAS program. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The mean score of the Perceived Social Support of elderly was 2.37/5. The instrumental support(M=2.52) out of type of the Perceived Social Support was the highest and the self-esteem support(M=2.18) was the lowest. 2. The shopping(M=2.89) out of IADL was the highest and the laundry(M=1.24) was the lowest. 3. The Social Support was significantly related to the IADL. The self-esteem support(r=.58) out of type of the Perceived Social Support was the highest correlation and the instrumental support(r=.32) was the lowest correlation. 4. Of the demographic characteristics of the subjects, age(F=4.61), educational level(F=4.04), living with a spouse(t=3.37), pocket money(F=3.51), satisfaction of pocket money(F=5.21) were significantly resated to the Social Support scores.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify convergence factors related to DSMK, social support, and educational needs on the diabetes in rural elderly. The subjects were 115 elderly patients who were registered in diabetes control center, taking medication more than 6 months in U city. The survey period was from August 24 to October 31, 2016. The results showed that DSMK showed significant differences in gender, education level, duration of diabetes, experience of diabetes education, experience of family participation in diabetes education, and perceived health status(p<.05). The degree of social support was found to be significant differences in marital status, diabetes education experience, diabetes education needs, gender, duration of diabetes, and perception of diabetes self-management difficulty(p<.05). There were significant positive correlations between DSMK and social support, social support and educational needs(p<.05). Based on these results, we hope to develop a convergent self - management program based on the needs of the elderly patients.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.54-64
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to identify related factors of psychological well-being of migrant workers in Korea. Methods: The subjects were 138 migrant workers residing legally in K or B Cities. Data were collected from July 1 to August 31, 2018, using self-report structured questionnaires that were translated into English, Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean, and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Results: The most important influencing factors on the psychological well-being of migrant workers were social support (β=.36, p<.001), followed by perceived health status (β=.25, p=.001), education (β=-.18, p=.015), and spouse support (β=.16, p=.032). The overall explanatory power was 28.9%. Conclusion: In order to improve the psychological well-being of migrant workers, it is required to develop a nursing approach that may promote the social support, health status, and spouse support, and consider the educational level of migrant workers.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.145-155
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to test the influencing effects of health perception and family support on depression in elderly patients. Methods : Two-hundred forty-nine hospitalized geriatric patients were recruited in B city, South Korea. They were asked to complete a questionnaire, and 214 data sets were included in multiple regression analysis. Results : Subjects perceived a higher level of depression. Influencing factors of depression were hospitalization experience (t=3.476, p=.001), health perception (t=-3.310, p=.001), education (t=2.684, p=.008), economic satisfaction (t=2.579, p=.011), satisfaction with allowance (t=2.262, p=.025), and family support (t=-2.200, p=.029). The model was statistically significant explaining 36.3% of the variance (F=21.257, p<.001). Conclusions : In dealing with depression, nurses in elderly care facilities should be more concerned about patients with hospitalization experiences. Interventions to improve health perception should be provided to elderly patients, and educational programs on how to support patients are needed for the families of patients.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and the predictors of depression in elderly patients admitted to hospital. Methods: A sample of 157 subjects aged 65 and over was selected from a university hospital in Korea. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires during the period from April to August 2012. The data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions with the SPSS/Win program. Results: The prevalence of depression was 54.8%; the mean score for depression was 17.30. Depression in elderly patients had a significant correlation with age, educational level, marital status, and perceived economy level from the demographic characteristics, self-efficacy, and family support. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that a combination of self-efficacy and family support accounted for 27% of the depression in elderly patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that programs designed to effectively prevent and manage depression among elderly patients should consider variables such as self-efficacy and family support.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2006

The recent development of IT, consolidation of communication and multimedia technology have brought enormous changes in many organizations. Theses changes are enabling the new educational opportunities such as distance teaming and virtual class room. Recently, e-Learning has grown rapidly in business training field, In the context of companies, e-Learning has merits in terms of access convenience, costs reduction self-directed learning, reciprocity, and flexibility. In this regard, the primary purpose of this study is to investigate which factors of e-Learning influence the effectiveness of education and transfer of loaming in business organizations. Based on the prior studies of the education and business training field, research model and research hypotheses were developed. Factors studied in this paper were as follows: 1) learners' characteristics, 2) organizational support and 3) system environments. The results of our study are as follows. (1) Motivation perceived usefulness in Learner factors had an significant influence on both learning effectiveness and transfer of teaming, whereas Ability, expectation had an influence on transfer of teaming. (2) Support from peer, support from supervisor in Organization factors had an significant influence on both Loaming effectiveness and transfer of teaming, whereas support from organization had influence on learning effectiveness. (3) Appropriate contents in system circumstance had an significant influence on both teaming effectiveness and transfer of teaming, whereas interface design had an influence on learning effectiveness.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.126-138
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to act nursing intervention strategies to promote quality of life (QOL) in Spinal Cord Injury patients. Therefore, the study is designed to evaluate religion, marital status, educational background economic status, level of injury, voiding pattern, transportation by driving, rehabilitation education, self-concept, sexual status, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL, perceived hopelessness, personality and pain for QOL at the same time. It was gathered empirical data was collected using a self report questionnaire from 61 patients during a six month period after SCI at 5 general hospitals, at 2 rehabilitation centers and at 2 rehabilitation schools province from Jun. 18, 1999 through Sep. 28, 1999. The reliability of the 19 instruments was tested with Cronbach's alpha which ranged from .6319 to .9769. For the data analysis a SAS program was used for Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows; 1. The mean of total item score in the QOL scale was 2.814, which showed a much lower score than the cancer points. 2. There was a significant correlation between self concept, transportation by driving, perceived barrier, powerlessness, depression, hope, social support, self-efficacy, anxiety, ADL and QOL.(${\gamma}$= .27~-.79, p< .05) 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that; a) Depression was the main predictor of QOL and account for 53.7% of the variance in QOL. b) Hope, ecomic status and body satisfaction accounted for 8%, 4%, 3.4% respectively and these variables combined accounted for 69.2% of the variance in QOL. In conclusion, to begin with, it is important to reduce depression and to help for SCI points to inspire hope, economic status and body satisfaction. That will be short cut for nursing strategies to enhance QOL.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.67-88
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• 2017

The purpose of this research was educational needs of experts for revitalizing youth entrepreneurship education and creating effective conditions for such education. The subjects of the survey were chosen 100 teachers who had participated in entrepreneurship-related professional training for teachers were selected and surveyed. A total of 100 questionnaires were collected, of which 92 (92.00%) were used for the analysis. Eight were excluded as they were not properly answered. As for the used survey tool, a total of 8 areas and 30 items were derived from the review of the literature, and the validity of the contents was examined through expert meetings. The data were analyzed using the SPSS (ver. 20.0) statistical program. The analysis was conducted in terms of the required competency level, perceived competency level and educational needs. As for the used analytical methods, first, the averages of the required competency level and perceived competency level were calculated and the education needs were calculated using Borich's formula, and then the averages were compared through paired t-test. The results turned out to be statistically significant (p<.000). The details are as follows: As a result of the calculation of the educational needs the educational needs in all areas turned out to be very high with the average being 4.94 points, which indicates that the teachers strongly feel the need for educational strengthening in relation to entrepreneurship. These results show that all the educational conditions such as entrepreneurship-related curriculum, teacher professionalism, educational environment, educational support and the perception among school community members are insufficient in the current school settings. For the improvement of the current status, the education conditions in the following areas should be improved: the cooperation from school community members including principals, teacher support such as an exclusive responsibility teacher system, the development of an entrepreneurship curriculum, the securing of teacher professionalism through the implementation of the curriculum, teacher training support for the enhancement of their professionalism and the provision of educational environment and facilities. For enhancing the perception of parents and society regarding entrepreneurship, it is necessary to establish the precise concept of entrepreneurship and promote it based on such work.