• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2019

People with intellectual disabilities (ID) usually have poor oral health status and are susceptive to have more caries than general populations. Even when the patients get regular dental treatment, their dental conditions are usually not good for some additional factors. In this presentation, we show dental follow-up care of two patients who have multiple caries. The first case is a 16-year-old boy who has a unilateral facial paralysis with ID. As the lack of controlling of the muscles resulted in interfering with the self-cleansing, it would be associated with a higher incidence on the affected side. Endodontic treatment and caries treatment as restoration was performed. Due to loss of posterior occlusal support on right side, we planned to recover the right posterior relationship by full coverage restorations. In second case, a 20-year-old boy has been on a long-term follow up. Caries treatment, periodontal treatment, and prosthetic treatment were performed under several times of general anesthesia. He has been treated more than 8 years and gets a regular check at 1-month intervals, however, high dental caries susceptibility has been retained. These cases present that dentists should perform more aggressive treatment and be involved in providing better maintenance of patients with intellectual disabilities with multiple caries in adolescence. In other words, it is necessary to suggest a customized preventive strategy for patients with ID.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.334-346
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• 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and hand-wrist radiographs using a skeletal maturity indicator (SMI) and the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3). Hand-wrist radiographs and blood samples from 205 patients aged 7 - 17 years were retrospectively analyzed by two dentists using the SMI stages, MP3 stages, and serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels. Serum IGF-1 levels were highest at the SMI 6 - 8 and MP3 - G stage and lowest at the SMI 1 - 3 and MP3 - F stage (p < 0.0001). Serum IGFBP-3 levels were highest at the SMI 9 - 10 and MP3 - I stage and lowest at the SMI 1 - 3 and MP3 - FG stage (p = 0.010, 0.030). As a result of Pearson correlation analysis, a relatively high correlation was found between skeletal maturity using the SMI and MP3 stages and serum IGF-1 levels (r = 0.698, 0.622, p < 0.0001). According to the results of this study, serum IGF-1 levels can be used as an auxiliary measure to evaluate the skeletal maturity of children and adolescents in dentistry. The range from the mean serum IGF-1 level of 472 ㎍/L in SMI 6 stage to the mean IGF-1 level of 510.63 ㎍/L in MP3 G stage could be considered as the peak height velocity in clinical practice.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.6 no.2 s.11
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• pp.82-88
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• 2006

Background: The number of patients with disabilities who require general anesthesia for dental treatment is increasing. Methods: We reviewed the cases of 538 patients with disabilities who underwent outpatient general anesthesia for dental treatment at the clinic for the disabled in Seoul national university dental hospital according to the types of disabilities and comprehensive treatments. Results: The patients mean age was 17.4 years and fifty-eight percent of the patients had epilepsy, autism, mental retardation and cerebral palsy. About twenty-five percent of the patients were medically compromised such as brain disease, heart disease and genetic problem. In 142 cases, more than two dentists from the clinical departments systemically co-worked to provide the patients with comprehensive treatment as accurately and quickly as possible under general anesthesia. Conclusions: The number of medically compromised patients was high and the system of comprehensive dental treatment was well run.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.415-422
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• 2003

Currently, 'National program of dental sealant' has begun in Korea, but various isolation techniques and preparation is performing. The aim of the present study was to compare pit and fissure sealant retention rates between different operators using two different isolation techniques. Additionally, the failed surface was examined. One examiner performed the examination after one year of the initial operation. The population consisted of 119 children(mean age $8.59{\pm}0.772$) of which the total sealed number was 279 permanent first molars. Pediatric dentists sealed 131 molars using the rubber dam isolation technique (Group 1), general practitioners sealed 80 molars using the rubber dam isolation technique (Group 2), and dental hygienists sealed 69 molars using the cotton roll isolation (Group 3). The results were as follows ; 1. The complete retention rate between Group 1 (90.8%) and 2 (85.0%) showed no significant statistical difference (P>0.05). However, there were significant statistical different retention rates between Group 1 and Group 3(64.7%) and between Group 2 and Group 3 (p<0.05). 2. In comparing retention rates between maxilla and mandible, Only Group 3 showed a significantly lower complete retention rate in mandible than maxilla (p<0.05). 3. In failed surface analysis, occlusal failed surface was 58.3%, buccal/palatal failed surface was 41.7%.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.517-524
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• 2005

Despite the widespread use of chloral hydrate with hydroxyzine in the sedation of children, there is little agreement among pediatric dentists regarding its therapeutic dosage for the management of very uncooperative young children. Also, increasing concern has been raised with respect to its frequent failure to provide adequate levels of sedation when used according to the manufacturer's recommended dosage. Therefore, there has been many suggestions with respect to sedative effectiveness and safety of varying drug dosage, and some pediatric dental articles have advocated dosages exceeding manufacturer's recommendations. This study was performed to compare the effectiveness and safety in behavior management of the manufacturer's recommended dose of chloral hydrate(50mg/kg) with those of a higher dose(70mg/kg) used together with hydroxyzine(2mg/kg) and nitrous oxide(50%) when young children were sedated for dental treatment. The following results were obtained; 1. II group(70mg/kg) displayed higher mean score compared to I group(50mg/kg) with regard to the degree of sleep, crying, movement and overall behavior. The difference was statistically significant(p<0.05). 2. In comparison of success rates for sedation between the two groups, I group and II group showed 38.7% and 71.0% success rates respectively. An analysis of variance was statistically significant(p<0.05). 3. Comparing the occurrence rate hypoxia between the two groups, there were 22.6% and 19.4% occurrence of hypoxia in I group and II group. An analysis of variance was not statistically significant(p>0.05).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2004

The effect of xylitol and sorbitol chewing gums on dental caries levels among 5-year old kindergarteners was investigated. Three kindergartens the operations of which were partly subsidized by municipal government of Daegu city, Korea, were chosen as the study sites. The child base of the kindergartens were considered demographically and ethnically similar, representing middle-income families. The subjects were examined at their own kindergarten by the two dentists. Participation in the program was voluntary. Over 12 months, 123 participants chewed xylitol chewing gums(X group; 42 subjects), sorbitol chewing gum(S group; 42 subjects), or did not receive chewing gum as a control group(C group; 39 subjects). Consumption of xylitol and sorbitol was 4.5 to 5.0 g/day/subject, consumed in five daily chewing episodes of 5 min. Oral examination, Dentocult-SM test and interproximal dental plaque collection were completed at baseline and 12 months later. The dmfs of group C increased 59.2%, but group S increased 33.4% and group X increased only 31.3% during 12 months study period. The caries prevention ratio was 47.1% at group X and 43.6% at group S. There also appeared the reduction of caries activity at group X(1.39), group S(1.50) than control group(1.79). Compared with groups S and C, there was a statistically significant reduction of S. mutans in interproximal plaque in group X. The results suggest that xylitol chewing gum can prevent dental caries of deciduous dentition, and may be a little more effective than a sorbitol-containing product in controlling some caries-associated parameters in kindergarten-age subjects.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of easily accessible machine learning application to identify mesiodens, and to compare the ability to identify mesiodens between trained model and human. A total of 1604 panoramic images (805 images with mesiodens, 799 images without mesiodens) of patients aged 5 - 7 years were used for this study. The model used for machine learning was Google's teachable machine. Data set 1 was used to train model and to verify the model. Data set 2 was used to compare the ability between the learning model and human group. As a result of data set 1, the average accuracy of the model was 0.82. After testing data set 2, the accuracy of the model was 0.78. From the resident group and the student group, the accuracy was 0.82, 0.69. This study developed a model for identifying mesiodens using panoramic radiographs of children in primary and early mixed dentition. The classification accuracy of the model was lower than that of the resident group. However, the classification accuracy (0.78) was higher than that of dental students (0.69), so it could be used to assist the diagnosis of mesiodens for non-expert students or general dentists.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.113-120
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• 2023

Restoring composite resins with the optimal shades for all primary teeth is a great challenge for pediatric dentists. A newly developed single-shade composite resin can exhibit a color similar to that of the surrounding tooth structure based on the structural color phenomenon. This study aims to evaluate the color adjustment potential (CAP) of a single-shade composite resin compared to conventional multi-shade composite resins in primary teeth. A single-shade composite resin and two conventional multi-shade composite resins were included in this study. Two types of specimens, a single specimen and a dual specimen, were evaluated. For single specimens, duplications of the primary second molar denture teeth were made using experimental composite resins. For dual specimens, cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of extracted primary second molars and restored with experimental composite resins. The L^*, a^*, and b^* values were measured using a colorimeter for the extracted teeth and specimens. The mean ΔE_ab^* values for single and dual specimens and CAP were calculated. Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was performed to confirm the statistical significance between the ΔE_ab^* and CAP values of the experimental resins. Among the single specimens, the single-shade composite resin showed significantly higher ΔE_Single compared to other composite resins (p < 0.0167). There was no significant difference between ΔE_Dual for all experimental resins. The single-shade composite resin showed highest CAP compared to other multi-shade composite resins. A single-shade composite resin exhibited the most prominent color adaptability compared to other conventional multi-shade composite resins for primary second molars. A single-shade composite resin can simplify shade matching and provide esthetic outcomes for the restoration of primary second molars.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2012

Whenever pediatric dentists choose the preformed stainless steel crowns for restoration of primary molars, we usually prefer the crown forms that most fit to the abutment teeth. Despite some previous reports on significant ethnic difference in the size and shape of tooth crowns in primary dentition, only the imported products have been available to date, which might show some discrepancy with tooth anatomy of Korean. However, a domestic product of preformed stainless steel crown has been marketed recently that is expected to show more accurate fit to the primary tooth of Korean. To investigate the morphological characteristics of primary molars of Korean children, their mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters from the dental casts of 263 children in Pusan and Kyungsangnamdo province were measured by digital calipers. The measured data were compared with those of the three types of preformed stainless steel crowns(3M ESPE Stainless Steel Primary Molar Crown, Kids Crown, Sankin Anatom Primary Crown) by statistical processes with regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1. In every primary molar crown of three brands, the bucco-lingual width to mesio-distal width ratio (MD-BL ratio) showed higher values compared with those of natural teeth. 2. While the products of 3M ESPE and Shinhung showed similar features, those of Sankin showed some difference from both, and these difference was more marked in mandibular primary molars. 3. The nearer is the mesio-distal width of the crown to the average, the better was the adaptation of the preformed crown, and the reverse was true. 4. The teeth which revealed more discrepancy between preformed crown and natural tooth were upper and lower first primary molars.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.271-280
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• 2001

The aim of the present study was to analyze relationship between dietary habits and dental caries experience in preschool children. All 143 boys and 124 girls living in a chonju city were investigated dmf index by dentists through oral examination and dietary habit by children's mothers through questionaires such as infant diets and food preferences. The statistical analysis were performed to evaluate whether variations in dietary habits are related to dental caries experience. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The average dmf index scores of all children were examined $2.92{\pm}1.05$. The girls had higher than the boys, but no significant differences between the genders were seen the dmf index(P>0.05). 2. The higher were their age of children, the higher dmf index was investigated. The dmf index of 5 and 6-yr old childrens was higher than that in 3 and 4-yr old children(P<0.05). 3. No significant difference was found between the present of mother's occupation (P>0.05) and type of infant dietary habits(P>0.05). 4. The fruits and sea weeds were showed high degree of preference and fats and vegetables were showed low degree generally. Among 13 food groups, there was no significant difference between boys and girls except for sea weeds(P>0.05). 5. Among 13 food groups, the dmf index was positively associated with sugars(r=0.3854, P<0.05), dairy products(r=0.4328, P<0.05) and soft drinks(r=0.2586, P<0.05), and negatively associated with other food groups.