• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.36-54
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to develop a multi-sensor fusion-based traffic information acquisition system with robust to environmental changes. it combines the characteristics of each sensor and is more robust to the environmental changes than the video detector. Moreover, it is not affected by the time of day and night, and has less maintenance cost than the inductive-loop traffic detector. This is accomplished by synthesizing object tracking informations based on a radar, vehicle classification informations based on a video detector and reliable object detections of a infrared range finder. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed system, I conducted experiments for 6 hours over 5 days of the daytime and early evening on the pedestrian - accessible road. According to the experimental results, it has 88.7% classification accuracy and 95.5% vehicle detection rate. If the parameters of this system is optimized to adapt to the experimental environment changes, it is expected that it will contribute to the advancement of ITS.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.455-476
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• 2016

In both structural and environmental wind engineering, the vertical variation of wind direction is important as it impacts both the torsional response of the high-rise building and the pedestrian level wind environment. In order to systematically investigate the vertical variation of wind directions (i.e., the so-called 'twist effect') induced by hills with idealized geometries, a series of wind-tunnel tests was conducted. The length-to-width aspect ratios of the hill models were 1/3, 1/2, 1, 2 and 3, and the measurements of both wind speeds and directions were taken on a three-dimensional grid system. From the wind-tunnel tests, it has been found that the direction changes and most prominent at the half height of the hill. On the other hand, the characteristic length of the direction change, has been found to increase when moving from the windward zone into the wake. Based on the wind-tunnel measurements, a descriptive model is proposed to calculate both the horizontal and vertical variations of wind directions. Preliminarily validated against the wind-tunnel measurements, the proposed model has been found to be acceptable to describe the direction changes induced by an idealized hill with an aspect ratio close to 1. For the hills with aspect ratios less than 1, while the description of the vertical variation is still valid, the horizontal description proposed by the model has been found unfit.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.18-32
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of injury prevention education on elementary school students. We are selected two elementary school in Tejeon, one was intervention school, the other was control school. Surveys were completed before the begining of the interventions in February in 1994 and again after their completion in July 1994. Intervention group was 284 students in pre-test and 218 students in post-test. And control group was 253 students in pre-test and 208 students in post-test. The results of this study was followed. 1. In the general characteristics of subjects studied, sex, mother education, father education, economic status, number of household, and traffic environment were not significant difference between intervention and control group(p>0.05). 2. The contents of injury prevention education that subjects wished to learn, were not significant difference between intervention and control group(p>0.05). Also the mothods of that were significant difference between intervention and control group in pre-test(p<0.05) but not in post-test(p>0.05). 3. Education in knowledge, attitude and practice of injury prevention was slightly effectiveness. Change in attitude of injury prevention was higher than in knowledge and attitude of that we guess that they require a lot of education in the pedestrian prevention. 4. Reative risk between intervention and control group in injury incidence was 1.53 in hospital-care students, and 1.43 in home-care children. Also relative risk of total injury incidence was 1.38, therefore we knew that injury incidence after education was reduced. 5. In the analysis of injury causes, pedestrain injury was remarkably reduced at hospital-care students in two group. At home-care students, two groups were high proportion in play injury. 6. In the analysis of injury places, intervention group was high proportion at near-the house in pre-test(35.4%) and at school in post-test(36.4%). And control group was high at inside-the house in pre-test(31.5%) and at near-the house in post-test(28.2%).

• Atmosphere
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.445-459
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• 2016

Air temperature deviation (ATD) is one of major indicators to represent spatial distribution of urban heat island (UHI), which is induced from the urbanization. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of air temperature deviation about Climate Analysis Seoul (CAS) workbench, which had developed by National Institute Meteorological Science and TU Berlin. Comparison and correlation analysis for CAS ATD including meso-scale air temperature deviation, local-scale air temperature deviation, total air temperature deviation, surface heat flux deviation, cold air production deviation among meso-scale numerical modelling variable in 'Seoul Region', micro-scale numerical modelling in 'Detail Region', and CAS workbench variable using observation data in ground stations. Comparison between night time OBS ATD and CAS ATD show that have most close values. Most of observations ($dT_{max}$ and $dT_{min}$) have highly positive ($dT_{SHP}$, $dT_{CA}$, MD, TD, $f_{BS}$, $f_{US}$, $f_{WS}$, $h_B$) and negative ($f_{VS}$, $f_{TV}$, $h_V$, Z) correlations. However, CAS workbench needs further improvement of both observational framework and analytical framework to resolve the problems; (1) night time OBS ATD of has closer values in compare with at high rise mountain area and (2) correlations are very dependable to meteorological scale.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

This paper proposes an efficient method that helps a visually impaired person to detect a pavement borderline. A pedestrian is equipped with a camera so that the front view of a natural scene is captured. Our approach analyzes the captured image and detects the borderline of a pavement in a very robust manner. Our approach performs the task in two steps. In a first step, our approach detects a vanishing point and vanishing lines by applying an edge operator. The edge operator is designed to take a threshold value adaptively so that it can handle a dynamic environment robustly. The second step is to determine the borderlines of a pavement based on vanishing lines detected in the first step. It analyzes the vanishing lines to form VRays that confines the pavement only. The VRays segments out the pavement region in a radial manner. We compared our approach against Canny edge detector. Experimental results show that our approach detects borderlines of a pavement very accurately in various situations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.7 s.78
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• pp.33-40
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• 2004

This study aims to provide guidelines for the selection of on-street parking spot on local streets considering conditions of surrounding area and characteristics of traffic generation. This guideline provides the method which determine required roadway width for planning and design of local streets. It is necessary to identify factors for the location selection analysis. This research team selects 12 case study areas to investigate traffic environment on the sites for this analysis. Most of factors which influence on-street parking are found to have a qualitative data format except traffic volume and pedestrian movement data. Quantification theory II which is known to be suitable for qualitative analysis has been applied to identify the meaningful variables for dependent variable. In addition, discriminant analysis has performed to verify the correlation for each variable with hit ratio. Road width, traffic volume, street traders and their heavy packages, and illegally parked vehicle are found to be most significant factors for selection of on-street parking location. Therefore, it is necessary to consider traffic volume generated from massive residential complex and traffic volume for outside and above-mentioned factors for installation of on-street parking facility in the case of new road construction or road width widen.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.539-554
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• 2019

This study suggests a conceptualization model of 'cultural inclusiveness' organically connected to social inclusiveness, by expanding the implications of urban inclusiveness to the domain and relationship. Based on the process of necessity of relation, connection of space, and execution of act, the cultural inclusiveness could be connected to the formation of organic/learning relation, the creation of openness focusing on public space, and the practice of diverse subjects. Concretely, the concept of cultural inclusiveness is applied to the case of 'Hongdae-ap'. The recent Hongdae-ap is showing the value of coexistence such as the establishment of environment that could protect the diversity of individual subjects and groups(artists, residents, government officials, students, cultural activists, citizens, tourists, and etc.), the formation of public space such as 'Hongdae-up playground', 'pedestrian-friendly street', and 'Gyeongui-Line book street', social network service & horizontal network, and access.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.103-112
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the incomplete aspects of the government pilot project 'Livable City Making' Also, the study was conducted to consider a plan that residents will satisfy for the realization of the project. The study used a case study and a survey method in research process. For the case study, two projects in Busan that have similar planning were chosen. The contents of the survey included the residents' interest in their housing area, their recognition and opinions of the pilot project, their satisfaction about the environmental alterations, and their thought about conditions of sustainable housing. The main results of this study were as follows. First, the residents were satisfied with the alteration of the street space and the provision of green and open spaces. Meanwhile they revealed that the preservation of the natural environment and the vitalization of community are insufficient. Second, they also believed that the construction of the pedestrian streets, the provision of parking lots, and the remodeling of the deteriorated buildings are incomplete. Third, the residents believed that the following provisions need to be made for successful sustainable housing waste discharge needs to be minimized, facilities need to be used for saving energy, opportunities for employment need to be provided within their housing areas, and safe street spaces and comfortable traffic systems need to be provided.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the accessibility to the place for outdoor exercise. For that, the departure (resident) location of the users of outdoor exercise equipment within 12 parks in Seoul have been investigated. A total of 1,733 people have been surveyed during the two-week period between Aug.2 and Aug. 15 and 815 cases were analyzed. We also investigated demographic characteristics, access method and related factors such as location, climate and visiting time. The results were coded through ArcGis program and the accessibility to each exercise location, difference in regional accessibility and accessibility characteristics in terms of climate and time have been analyzed. The results are as follows: First, visitors to the Han River start from the places further than the visitors to the streamlines. Second, the average moving distance is longer for the users aged under-60 than for the users aged 60 and over to reach the exercise place. And the average moving distance for visitors to the Han River destination is the longest with 748 meters, followed by 203 meters for general parks and 92 meters for streamline parks, respectively. Third, in each non-waterfront parks, the moving distance by users under-60 was longer by about 230 meters than that by users 60 and over. Fourth, exercisers in the weekend travel more by 244 meters than those during the midweek users to reach the exercise place. Fifth, the number of visitors to the Han River increased in the weekend while visitors to the streamlines decreased in the same period. Sixth, the traveling length for bicycle users is three times as much as that for pedestrian visitors. And the departure locations of bicycle users were more widely distributed.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.3 s.172
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• pp.247-260
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• 2005

Extractable concentrations (0.1 N & 1.0 N HCI) of heavy metals in roadside sediments are lower than guidelines for soil recommended by Ministry of Environment. Heavy traffic areas (such as No. 7 national road) show high contents of heavy metals, especially, at curved areas, gully pot, crackdown areas on overspeed, pedestrian crossing etc. Fine fractions $(<63\;{\mu}m)$ of roadside sediments have the highest concentrations of heavy metals, but mass loadings of heavy metal are determined by coarse fractions $(>100{\mu}m)$, due to washing out of fine fraction sediment by runoff water. Proper treatment facilities are needed to control the inflow of fine roadside sediments from No. 7 national road and bridge such as Hanmul bridge.