• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권10호
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• pp.1278-1285
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• 2018

For saving electricity bill, energy storage system(ESS) is being installed in factories, public building and commercial building with a Time-of-Use(TOU) tariff which consists of demand charge(KRW/kW) and energy charge(KRW/kWh). However, both of peak reduction and ESS special tariff are not considered in an analysis of initial cost payback period(ICPP) on ESS. Since it is difficult to reflect base rate by an amount of uncertain peak demand reduction during mid-peak and on-peak periods in the future days. Therefore, the ICPP on ESS can be increased. Based on this background, this paper presents the advanced analysis method for the ICPP on ESS. In the proposed algorithm, the representative days of monthly electricity consumption pattern for the amount of peak reduction can be found by the k­means clustering algorithm. Moreover, the total expected energy costs of representative days are minimized by optimal daily ESS operation considering both peak reduction and the special tariff through a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP). And then, the amount of peak reduction becomes a value that the sum of the expected energy costs for 12 months is maximum. The annual benefit cost is decided by the amount of annual peak reduction. Two simulation cases are considered in this study, which one only considers the special tariff and another considers both of the special tariff and amount of peak reduction. The ICPP in the proposed method is shortened by 18 months compared to the conventional method.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

In this paper, inverse building modeling was applied to building perimeter zones which have different window orientation. Two test zones of east-facing and west-facing zones in ERS(Energy Resource Station) building, which is representative of small commercial building, was used to test performance of cooling load calculation and peak cooling load reduction. The dynamic thermal load model for the east and west zone was validated using measured data for the zones and then it was used to investigate the effect of peak cooling load reduction by adjustment of indoor cooling temperature set points during on-peak time period. For the east zone, the peak load can be reduced to about 60% of the peak load for conventional control even without any precooling. For the west zone, PLR is nearly independent of the start of the on-peak period until a start time of 1pm. Furthermore, PLR has a small dependence on the precooling duration. Without any precooling, the peak cooling load can be reduced to about 35% of the peak load associated with conventional control.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.161-163
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• 2006

This paper introduce the technology of peak demand reduction using automatic water tank pumping system on the apartment. That systems on the apartments installed water tank can control pumping(electricity) demand. Generally, system peak demand is occurred at the same time on workday and many water pumps consume electric power randomly. At this point, shift of operating time of water pump can reduce peak demand using automatic water tank pumping system. We were operating this system on some apartments for test of effect of peak demand reduction. and we represent result of demand shift. This result suggests that spread of the automatic water pumping system can contribute to reduce system peak demand and reduce system operation cost.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권7C호
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• pp.554-561
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• 2008

직교 주파수 분할 다중 반송파 (OFDM; orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) 시스템의 최대 전력 대 평균 전력 비율 (PAPR; peak to average power ratio)을 감소하기 위한 톤 예약 기법 (TR; tone reservation)에서 PRT (peak reduction tone) 집합의 크기가 커질수록 PAPR 감소 성능은 향상되지만 데이터 전송 효율은 감소하는 상반 관계가 존재한다. 기존의 TR 기법에서는 고정된 PRT 집합을 사용하는 반면 본 논문에서 제안된 TR 기법은 입력 심볼의 PAPR 크기에 따라 적응적으로 PRT 집합을 선택하여 사용한다. 제안된 방법은 기존의 방법과 유사한 데이터 전송 효율을 가지면서도 향상된 PAPR 감소 성능을 나타낸다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2011

This study assessed the subsurface runoff and peak flow reduction in rain gardens. The results showed that the highest water retention was found in rain garden mesocosms in which Rhododendron lateritium and Zoysia japonica were planted, followed by mesocosms in which either R. lateritium or Z. japonica was planted, and the lowest water retention rate was found in non-vegetated control treatment mesocosms(${\alpha}$ < 0.05). Although higher rainfall intensity caused a decrease of peak flow reduction in both vegetated and non-vegetated treatments, peak flow reduction was the greatest in mesocosms with mixed plants. A rain garden can be an effective tool for environment-friendly stormwater management and improving ecological functions in urban areas. Depending on the purpose such as delaying runoff or increasing infiltration, various plant types should be considered for rain garden designing.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1705-1710
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 외기 온도의 변화를 반영하여 수화열에 의한 열전달 및 열응력 해석이 가능한 프로그램을 개발하고, 재료적 측면에서 수화열에 의한 균열 발생 가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 제5종포틀랜드시멘트를 사용하는 경우, 제5종포틀랜드시멘트와 플라이애쉬를 같이 사용하는 경우, 제5종포틀랜드시멘트와 강섬유를 같이 사용하는 경우를 실험하여 비교 검토하였다. 플라이애쉬를 대체하여 사용하면 콘크리트의 최고 온도를 낮추는 효과를 기대할 수 있지만, 인장응력의 감소 효과는 온도의 감소 효과만큼 크게 나타나지 않았다. 또한 강섬유를 혼입하여 사용하면 온도 및 인장응력의 저감 측면에서 매우 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.268-271
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• 2012

The high peak-to-average power is one of the main drawbacks in OFDM systems. This letter proposes a partial shift mapping (PSM) method for peak power reduction in OFDM systems. By utilizing the properties of the discrete Fourier transform, the proposed method generates a set of candidate signals without additional complex multiplication and selects the one with minimum peak power for transmission. Analyses and simulations confirm that the PSM method achieves satisfactory peak power reduction performance and low complexity compared with other kindred methods, for example, selected mapping and partial transmit sequences.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.379-382
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• 2008

This paper gives the support method of DSM program(power load leveling for heating and cooling facilities on building). As the national power peak load increases recently, the peak load reduction is needed. So we studied about remote controlling of power load from heating/cooling facilities on building during peak times. To adopt new DSM program, it is very important to design DSM customer supporting system. So in this paper, we dealt with the result of customer survey, and the DSM potential regarding heating/cooling facilities on building. In conclusion, the peak reduction program of heating/cooling facilities is very important and the incentive of customer should be consist of two incentive types as an installation and power reduction.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.52-61
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• 2003

This study was carried out to analyze the effects of stormwater retention and infiltration pond on reduction of flood peak and volume in a experimentally developed ecological pond. The experimental site has 542$m^2$ watershed area, 1,310mm yearly-averaged rainfall. And the area of the retention pond is 60$m^2$, the maximum water depth is 0.5m, the maximum and average storage is 15$m^3$and 9.3$m^3$d. And the area of infiltration pond is 58$m^2$, and the water depth varies 0.2m~0.5m. The monitoring system consists of one rainfall gage, one Parshall flume and acoustic water level gage, two rectangular weirs and acoustic water level gage for discharge gaging, and one data recording unit. Data from ten storm events in total, three storm events in year 2000 and seven storm events in year 2001, were collected. From the data the evaporation rate was achieved with the water balance equation, and the result shows 5.0mm/day in average. The result from the analysis of the effects on reduction of flood peak and volume, is that 14% reduction of flood volume and 15% reduction of flood peak in retention pond and 49% reduction of flood volume in infiltration pond.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.402-404
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• 2007

One of the major disadvantages of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system is high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Selected mapping (SLM) is an efficient distortionless PAPR reduction scheme which selects the minimum PAPR sequence from a group of independent phase rotated sequences. However, the SLM requires explicit side information and a large number of IFFT operations. In this letter we investigate a novel PAPR reduction method based on the radial basis function network and SLM.