• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.445-453
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pelvic tilt exercise with changing the body position on foot contact pattern in the hemiplegic patients. Methods : Thirty seven hemiplegic patients were randomly divided 3 groups; control group (CG), sitting exercise group (SIEG) and standing exercise group (STEG). F-mat system and F-scan system were used for the measurement of foot contact pattern of hemiplegic side in walking. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results : The results were as follows : 1) Contact area of CG and SIEG were not significant difference in walking. Contact area of STEG was significant increased in walking. 2) Anteroposterior distance of COP of SIEG and STEG were significant increased in walking. Conclusion : These results suggest that pelvic tilt exercise in sitting and standing position are effective in the improvement of Anteroposterior distance of COP and gait stability are increased in only standing position.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2008

일반적으로 빈도해석을 진행할 경우 자료는 정상성을 가정하고 분석하게 된다. 그러나 최근 들어 기후변화 등의 원인으로 인하여 강우나 유출량이 변화하고 있어 변화하는 강우나 유출량을 고려해서 빈도해석을 해야 한다는 주장이 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 Bootstrap을 기반으로 개발된 SIR 알고리즘을 이용하여 홍수빈도해석을 수행하기위한 방안을 제시하였다. SIR 알고리즘은 우도함수를 고려하여 자료를 재추출하기 위해서 사용되어 왔으며, 본 연구에서도 최근에 변화하는 홍수량의 변화 양상을 고려하여 홍수량 자료를 재추출하기 위해서 적용되었다. 증가된 홍수 특성을 고려하여 재추출된 홍수량자료는 매개변수적 빈도해석을 함으로써 지속시간별 홍수량을 산정하였으며, 산정된 빈도별 홍수량들을 Bootstrap을 이용해서 재추출한 자료를 이용한 빈도해석결과와 원자료를 이용하여 분석한 빈도해석 결과를 비교하였다. 비교결과 SIR알고리즘을 이용해서 빈도해석을 진행한 경우의 빈도별 홍수량이 가장 크게 나타났다. 따라서 홍수빈도해석시 현재까지의 변화하는 홍수량 패턴을 고려할 경우, 확률홍수량이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1105-1111
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• 2005

In order to investigate the meanings and bases of transforming theories of diseases(病傳論), several relevant theories were collected from medical books since . The outside-to-inside changing process(pyoree jeon) was the fundamental pattern in febrile diseases regardless of slang han and wen bing after Han dynasty. But in case of numb disease the three exogenous pathogenic factors of wind, cold and dampness got into each viscera through five tissues like skin, vessesl, flesh, tendons, bones respectively. It was called corresponding changing process(sanghap jeon) here. The pathogenic changing process(byungsa jeon) had complicated details to explain pathologic processes, but could give useful informations on evaluating relative strength of pathogens and tendency ahead. The changing process of diseases of internal injuries were explained in case of emotional distress which is outbroken abruptly didn't follow regular order of viscera-emotion relations. So it was named random changing process(bulcha jeon) after 's usage. And marasmus and asthenic disease followed top-to-down or down-to-top changing process(sangha jeon) based on . There are many types of changing process of diseases between viscera and viscera or viscera and bowels like generation changing process, restriction changing process, changing process between couple, changing process of mutual transmission based on attributions of each element by the theory of 5 phases(五行論). And changing process to a neighbor doesn't have any special relations within two organs but has anatomical contiguity and physiological continuity between them. The transforming theories of diseases bring forth useful understanding on comings and goings of pathogenic factors and tendency and prognosis of disease, so they are needed to be taught in the course of pathology class.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.820-832
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• 1996

The average smoking rate for Adults' in our country is 40.6% : It is 74.2% for men and 5.0% for women. Particularly, the smoking rate for men is reported higher than that of men in U.S.A. or Japan. Since the first report on the association between smoking and cancer appeared, 370 thousand smokers have succeeded in smoking cessation and over 90% of them have responded that they depended on a self-help smoking cessation approach. Despite this positive evidence about self- help approaches for smoking cessation, most studies on smoking cessation have focused on evaluation of formal treatment programs that are provided by clinics. Reports on the smoking cessation process used by smokers in our country could not be found. However, it is believed that the situation in our country would be quite similar to that in U.S.A. as far as approaches to successful smoking cessation are concerned. This study was conducted to classify the smoking stage to which they smoker belong and which changing mechanisms could be included at each changing stage (precontemplation stage, comtemplation stage, action stage) with a sample of 155 college students between 20 and 29 years old. And it also identified which variables related both to smoking pattern and to health, which ones were significantly discriminating in the changing stages. From the results of the data analysis it was found that Self-Determination is the most influential variable as one of the changning mechanisms which can discriminate three changing stages. And as the next significant mechanisms were Reinforcement, Dramatic Relief, Cognitive Restructuring, Helping Relationship, and Information Management in that order. Among variables related to the smoking pattern, years of regular smoking, whether smoking is continued or not even when they are sick, the number of attempts to stop smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and whether they have smoked over 100 cigarettes up to now, but not the time of the first cigarette after waking-up, were the significant factors to descriminate changing stages. It was confirmed that among variables related to health that, perceived control for health, confidence of health maintence ability, and self confidence in smoking cessation, were significant variables in determinating changing stages. The most influential variables among them was self-confidence in smoking cessation. Conclusively, it was shown that smoking cessation is the process of attempting to change smoking habits through the various changing processes. Also it can be shown that a few factors smoking habit, self-confidence of smoking cessation, and belief in self control of his /her health, were influential in discriminating the changing stages of the smoking habit.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.17-35
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify the formation and changing pattern of nursing perspectives of nursing students. 176 subjects were composed of 118 nusing students and 58 non-nursing students. The data were collected through openended question and structured questionair. The result were as follows : 1. Nursing perspectives were classified six categories(nature of nursing, image of nursing, component of nursing, meaning of nursing, range of nursing, function of nursing) 2. As increased major lecture period, the item of ${\lceil}$Nursing is helping${\rfloor}$ was changing positively. 3. As incresed clinical practice, the student's perception about items of ${\lceil}$Nursing has gap between theory and practice${\rfloor}$, ${\lceil}$Nursing is helping${\rfloor}$ was increased. 4. As increased self-concept, the students were considered the item of ${\lceil}$Nursing is action that giving knowledge and helping to effective coping for individual and group${\rfloor}$ significantly. 5. 1) The students having religion were considered the item of ${\lceil}$Nursing must doing politely${\rfloor}$ significantly relatively to the students don't have religion. 2) The students having experience of admission to hospital in their or their family had negative nursing perspectives. 3) Against the students who select nursing major for his high school perfoermonce and advice of their significant others, the students who select nursing major for service had positive nursing perspectives.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2014

견인 선배열 소나는 해양이라는 유체에서 작동하기 때문에 그 형상이 왜곡되고, 특히 견인 함정이 회전하는 경우 형상이 심하게 변형된다. 이러한 경우 선배열이 갖는 빔 패턴 형성은 제한되며, 이로 인한 신호 대 잡음비 등의 성능 저하를 야기한다. 본 논문에서는 2단 최소자승법에 기초한 개선된 2단 최소자승법 알고리즘을 제안하였으며, 해양에서 운용되는 선배열의 형상을 변침각도로 모델링하여 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 변침각도와 주엽의 위치를 변경하면서, 알고리즘별 조향 빔의 신호 대 잡음비를 분석하였다. 그 결과 제안한 알고리즘이 다른 알고리즘보다 2dB 정도 성능이 향상되었으며, 비교적 일정한 빔 패턴을 형성하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.213-221
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was a motion analysis of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns which is scapular and pelvis patterns, upper extremity patterns, lower extremity patterns, trunk patterns. The patterns combine motion in sagittal plane for flextion and extension, coronal or frontal plane for abduction and adduction, transverse plane for rotation. The patterns composed of mass movement pattern of the limbs and trunk muscles. Every pattern can change by changing the activity of the middle joint in the extremity patterns and changing the patient's positions.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

The present study tested if individual speakers showing great sound change in segments (i.e., vowels and fricatives) also had innovative changing patterns in suprasegmental properties (i.e., lexical pitch accents) in Kyungsang Korean. The acoustic analysis at a group level first confirmed the presence of group level differences in distinguishing /ɨ-ʌ/ and /s-s'/ both of which had different phonemic distinction from Seoul Korean. Younger speakers had more innovative segmental change than older speakers, and even within the younger generation, female speakers produced more innovative phonetic variants than male speakers. Regarding the individual observation within the younger group, the younger speakers with large acoustic distinction in vowels and fricatives also showed acoustically less distinct accent patterns, indicating the innovative sound change pattern consistent across segment and suprasegmental properties. The group and individual observations suggested that linguistic innovators introduced new phonetic variants with consistent degree of changing pattern between segment and suprasegmental properties.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.151-155
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• 2005

An electricity consumption is closely related to the economic growth structure. The change of economic growth structure affects the pattern of electricity consumption widely and severely. This paper gives that the primary changing factors of electricity growth are economic growth, change of industry structure(the change of electricity consumption ratio in case of residential sector), and the effect of electricity saying. It gives a model to analyze the influence of GDP to the change of electricity consumption patterns by sector through the period of pre and post 1998(IMF, financial crisis) to observe the contribution of each factor to the growth of electricity demand. It is anticipated that this study shows the feasible scheme of economic structure to become the developed country.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1998

An analysis of the changing trends of kyongjobi expenditure pattern from 1982 to 1996 and the related factors of kyongjobi expenditure of urban household in 1996 has been performed. Major findings were as follow: An average monthly expenditure was 20,036 won during the period, and the increased rate of monthly expenditure was 5.6 times in the past 15 years which was the twice as much as of the total consumption. The ratio of the total kyongjobi consumption was increased about 2 times during the period, and it was 2.96% in 1996. During the period, an average marginal consumption propensity was 0.0379, and it was dramatically increased from '93 to '94. Average income elasticity was 1.743 during the period and found out that it was luxury goods. The result of Anova and Tobit analysis showed that the level of consumption, number of earners, age and education had positive effect on kyongjobi. And in Seoul area, house owner, male(head of the household), and professionals spent more on kyongjobi than other. The present problems of custom, spending of kyongjobi, were discussed and the change of the custom was urged.