• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.151-155
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• 2011

A variety of pattern recognition algorithms including neural networks may be applicable to the identification of odors. In this paper, an identification technique for an electronic odor sensing system applicable to wound state monitoring is presented. The performance of the radial basis function(RBF) network is highly dependent on the choice of centers and widths in basis function. For the fine tuning of centers and widths, those parameters are initialized by an ill-conditioned genetic fuzzy c-means algorithm, and the distribution of input patterns in the very first stage, the stochastic gradient(SG), is adapted. The adaptive RBF network with singular value decomposition(SVD), which provides additional adaptation capabilities to the RBF network, is used to process data from array-based gas sensors for early detection of wound infection in burn patients. The primary results indicate that infected patients can be distinguished from uninfected patients.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.699-710
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• 2017

This study analyze the willingness to pay for customized agricultural products to diabetes. For this purpose, a survey was carried out for patients with diabetes 212 patients. The main results are as follows. First, the survey found that the interest in health and food was found to be very high in 93.9 % and 85.9 % respectively. This means that there is sufficient market potential if customized food and diets for diabetes are developed. Second, the Logit analysis showed that influential factor for the willingness to pay for a customized diet. The higher the risk, the better the health outcomes, the higher the likelihood that the higher the level of income, the more likely it is to purchase a product for a diabetic food package. Third, the average amount of willingness to pay for the customized food for diabetes patients was 7,823.5 won and the truncated average value was 6,953.3 won.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.866-870
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• 1993

Possible enhancement of myocardial protection with oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia and blood cardioplegia were evaluated in a cardiac enzyme study. The bicarbonate-containing solution equilibrated with 100% oxygen becomes highly alkaline as carbon dioxide is released. 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide was added to the crystalloid cardioplegic solution [St. Thomas` Hospital No. 2 Solution] for prevention of severe alkalinity of oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia. Heart was arrested and reinfused every 20 minutes throughtout the ischemic period with crystalloid cardioplegia or oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia or blood cardioplegia. Group I was a patient with crystalloid cardioplegia in 11 patients. Group II was a patient with oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia in 9 patients. Group III was a patient with blood cardioplegia in 15 patients. The value of CK-MB was evaluated from the patient`s serum at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours postoperatively. In Group I and II, there was no significant change of CK-MB. In Group I and III, the value of CK-MB at postoperative 6 hours was 114$\pm$83 ng/ml and 56$\pm$22 ng/ml [P < 0.05]. In conclusion, blood cardioplegia was superior to crystalloid cardioplegia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.899-903
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• 1993

Possible enhancement of myocardial protection with oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia and blood cardioplegia were evaluated in a cardiac enzyme study. The bicarbonate-containing solution equilibrated with 100% oxygen becomes highly alkaline as carbon dioxide is released. 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide was added to the crystalloid cardioplegic solution[St. Thomas` Hospital No. 2 Solution] for prevention of severe alkalinity of oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia. Heart was arrested and reinfused every 20 minutes throughtout the ischemic period with crystalloid cardioplegia or oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia or blood cardioplegia. Group I was a patient with crystalloid cardioplegia in 11 patients. Group II was a patient with oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia in 9 patients. Group III was a patient with blood cardioplegia in 15 patients. The value of CK-MB was evaluated from the patient`s serum at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours postoperatively.In Group I and II, there was no significant change of CK-MB. In Group I and 11I, the value of CK-MB at postoperative 6 hours was 114 + 83 ng/ml and 56 + 22 ng/ml [P [0.05]. In conclusion, blood cardioplegia was superior to crystalloid cardioplegia.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze G3BP1 and VEZT expression profiles in patients with gastric cancer, and examine the possible relationship between the expressions of each gene and clinicopathological factors. Materials and Methods: Expression of these genes in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues, collected from 40 patients with gastric cancer and 40 healthy controls, was analyzed. Differences in gene expression among patient and normal samples were identified using the GraphPad Prism 5 software. For the analysis of real-time polymerase chain reaction products, GelQuantNET software was used. Results: Our findings demonstrated that both VEZT and G3BP1 mRNA expression levels were downregulated in gastric cancer samples compared with those in the normal controls. No significant relationship was found between the expression of these genes and gender (P-value, 0.4835 vs. 0.6350), but there were significant changes associated with age (P-value, 0.0004 vs. 0.0001) and stage of disease (P-value, 0.0019 vs. 0.0001). In addition, there was a direct relationship between VEZT gene expression and metastasis (P-value, 0.0462), in contrast to G3BP1 that did not demonstrate any significant correlation (P-value, 0.1833). Conclusions: The results suggest that expression profiling of VEZT and G3BP1 can be used for diagnosis of gastric cancer, and specifically, VEZT gene could be considered as a biomarker for the detection of gastric cancer progression.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 1983

A study was carried out to observe the clinical progress and results after modified Blalock-Taussing shunts on II patients with cyanotic complex heart diseases unsuitable for corrective surgery. The operation was performed by interposing a vascular prosthesis [PTEE] between the left subclavian artery and the left pulmonary artery. Vascular prostheses larger than the diameter of left subclavian artery were selected. The results were as follows: 1. The postoperative courses in 10 patients were uneventful without any complications. One patient died of low cardiac output syndrome immediate postoperatively. 2. The average value of RBC count before operations was 751.2291.68 [xl00]/cubic mm. It was decreased to 588.11 90.45 [xl 0,000]/cubic mm. After the operation. 3. The average value of Hemoglobin before operations was 20.07 3.01 mg/dl. The value was decreased to 15.361.68mg/dl after the operation. 4. The value of Hematocrit before operations was 62.878.89%. The value was decreased to 49.6 5.84% 5. Patency after the shunt operations using PTFE was good for maximal 16 months follow-up period. 6. The physiological impairment like anoxic spells, degree of cyanosis and other clinical symptoms were markedly improved after the shunt operations. Although a longer follow-up seems to be necessary to assess the validity of these shunts, the early results were encouraging.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate difference between manifest refraction (MR) and cycloplegic refraction (CR) with age and myopic value. Methods: Manifest and cycloplegic refractions were carried out on the patients of 229 myopic patients ($25.3{\pm}11.9$ years old). Results: The average results from a pre- and a postcycloplegic refraction showed a reduction of 0.19 D in myopia, 0.02 D in astigmatism and $1.85^{\circ}$ in astigmatism direction. Change of myopic value was higher in 30~40 age. Total 73 eyes of 229 patients who showed 0.50 diopter (D) in spherical, and a high degree of myopia group showed a higher discrepancy rate. Conclusions: The results found in the comparison of the value of the manifest refraction and cycloplegic refractions showed changes of myopic value was not significant with age of patient, but the group of high degree of myopia showed higher discrepancy rate.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9225-9232
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• 2014

Ensuring adherence to chemotherapy is important to prevent disease progression, prolong survival and sustain good quality of life. Capecitabine is a complex chemotherapeutic agent with many side effects that might affect patient adherence to treatment. This cross sectional study aimed to determine adherence to capecitabine and its contributing factors among cancer outpatients in Malaysia. One hundred and thirteen patients on single regime capecitabine were recruited from Hospital Sultan Ismail and Hospital Kuala Lumpur from October 2013 to March 2014. Adherence was determined based on adherence score using validated Medication Compliance Questionnaire. Patient socio-demographics, disease, and treatment characteristics were obtained from medical records. Satisfaction score was measured using the validated Patient Satisfaction with Healthcare questionnaire. The mean adherence score was 96.1% (standard deviation: 3.29%). The significant contributing factors of adherence to capecitabine were Malay ethnicity [${\beta}=1.3$; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21, 2.43; p value=0.020], being female [${\beta}=1.8$; 95%CI: 0.61, 2.99; p value=0.003]), satisfaction score [${\beta}=0.08$; 95%CI: 0.06, 1.46; p value=0.035], presence of nausea or vomiting [${\beta}=2.3$; 95%CI: 1.12, 3.48; p value <0.001] and other side effects [${\beta}=1.45$; 95%CI: 0.24, 2.65; p value=0.019]. Adherence to capecitabine was generally high in our local population. Attention should be given to non-Malay males and patients having nausea, vomiting or other side effects. Sufficient information, proactive assessment and appropriate management of side effects would improve patient satisfaction and thus create motivation to adhere to treatment plans.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5397-5400
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of white blood cells (WBC), the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet indices including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet crit (PCT) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in discrimination between benign and malign endometrial lesions, and early and advanced stage endometrial adenocarcinomas. Materials and Methods: Data for 105 patients undergoing total abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases and 114 patients surgically staged for endometrium adenocarcinoma at Ondokuz Mayis University, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, between 2008 and 2014, were collected. Parameters were preoperative and postoperative complete blood counts in the week prior to surgery with differentials including WBC, platelet count, platelet indices (MPV, PCT, PDW), NLR and PLR. Pathologic evaluations for both benign and malign endometrium lesions, grade of endometrium adenocarcinoma, tumor stage, presence of lymphovascular space invasion (LVI) were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Regarding definitive factors in discriminating patients with endometrium cancer from those with benign diseases, MPV was significantly increased in the malign group whereas there was a significant decrease in the PDW value compared to the benign group. The best cut-off value in differentiation of the benign and malign groups, malign cases were found to increase over the value of 7.54 for MPV, and under 37.8 for PDW. When definitive factors in discrimination of early stage endometrium cancer from advanced stage disease and LVI in the malign group were evaluated according to the ROC analysis, no significant relation was detected between blood parameters and the stage and the LVI of the disease. Conclusions: MPV and PDW may have predictive value in the discrimination of benign and malign endometrium diseases. Nevertheless, since there have been few reports on this topic, further large-scale prospective studies are necessary.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.384-389
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• 2013

Objective : Use of quantitative computed tomography (CT) to evaluate bone mineral density was suggested in the 1970s. Despite its reliability and accuracy, technical shortcomings restricted its usage, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) became the gold standard evaluation method. Advances in CT technology have reduced its previous limitations, and CT evaluation of bone quality may now be applicable in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine if the Hounsfield unit (HU) values obtained from CT correlate with patient age and bone mineral density. Methods : A total of 128 female patients who underwent lumbar CT for back pain were enrolled in the study. Their mean age was 66.4 years. Among them, 70 patients also underwent DXA. The patients were stratified by decade of life, forming five age groups. Lumbar vertebrae L1-4 were analyzed. The HU value of each vertebra was determined by averaging three measurements of the vertebra's trabecular portion, as shown in consecutive axial CT images. The HU values were compared between age groups, and correlations of HU value with bone mineral density and T-scores were determined. Results : The HU values consistently decreased with increasing age with significant differences between age groups (p<0.001). There were significant positive correlations (p<0.001) of HU value with bone mineral density and T-score. Conclusion : The trabecular area HU value consistently decreases with age. Based on the strong positive correlation between HU value and bone mineral density, CT-based HU values might be useful in detecting bone mineral diseases, such as osteoporosis.