• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2013

Objectives This study was aimed to review a standardized method of retention enema by extracting elements associated with methods of retention enema from papers involved. Methods 1) Data sources : Retrieval was made, using 'Enema' or 'Retention Enema' as search words in MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, KISS, RISS, and NDSL DB. 2) Study selection : Two authors excluded irrelevant papers and chose qualified abstracts in the rest of the papers. The chosen studies were reviewed fully by the authors so that they could screen the significant papers based on the exclusion criteria. 3) Data extraction : Data on the total number of subjects, the target disease, the type, quality, length, diameter of catheter, the insertion length of catheter, the sample, the sample volume, the process of retention enema and the number of performing retention enema were extracted from the selected studies. Results & Conclusions The retention enema can be applied to gastrointestinal diseases, genitourinary diseases, metabolic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, headaches and neurological disorders. The standardized treatment method is as following: 1) inserting a rental tube of 18-28 Fr that measures 20 to 30 cm into the patient's anus, 2) injecting herbal medicines which have purgative action or benefit on stomach and intestinal tract at the rate of 4 ml/min, and 3) holding them for 10 to 15 minutes.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2005

We are living in Ubiquitous society now. There is also trend of integration in medical field that is largely affected by outside environment. At this time, it is necessary to rightly understand the abstract, function, expected effect and management method of Integration Medical Information System(IMIS) to use this system effectively for solving many hospital information system problems and disadvantages. It is fact that large-sized hospitals are improving the quality of service for treatment of patients through building integrated Medical Information System. So it is necessary to change this individual system that is previously developed and used for treatment assistance, hospital affair or general management respectively to integrated management system, modify patient information or treatment information data to the data suitable for new system and build the integrated medical information system suitable for the hospital service with treatment data and integrated medical information. This paper suggested and designed abstract of integrated medical information system, the organization of system, the character of system and the plan and materialization of IMIS when building integrated medical information system. And the context of this paper is suggested trend of industry and solution of integration EMR, HIS, PACS. Therefore this paper is suggested development strategy, implemented integration medical information system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.423-431
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the classification of the severity of contrast media side effects based on the patient's body information using artificial intelligence techniques to be used as basic data to reduce the degree of contrast medium side effects. The data used in this study were 606 examiners who had no contrast medium side effects in the past history survey among 1,235 cases of contrast medium side effects among 58,000 CT scans performed at a general hospital in Seoul. The total data is 606, of which 70% was used as a training set and the remaining 30% was used as a test set for validation. Age, BMI(Body Mass Index), GFR(Glomerular Filtration Rate), BUN(Blood Urea Nitrogen), GGT(Gamma Glutamyl Transgerase), AST(Aspartate Amino Transferase,), and ALT(Alanine Amiono Transferase) features were used as independent variables, and contrast media severity was used as a target variable. AUC(Area under curve), CA(Classification Accuracy), F1, Precision, and Recall were identified through AdaBoost, Tree, Neural network, SVM, and Random foest algorithm. AdaBoost and Random Forest show the highest evaluation index in the classification prediction algorithm. The largest factors in the predictions of all models were GFR, BMI, and GGT. It was found that the difference in the amount of contrast media injected according to renal filtration function and obesity, and the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome affected the severity of contrast medium side effects.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 1993

Mandibular rest position is very essential position because in that position, masticatory muscularture can be reciprocally coordinative and unstrained. So obtaining a good ability to establish and maintain rest position in non-functioning state is mandatory for treatment of patient with craniomandibular disorders. In general, many types of mandibulr movement exercise start from rest position and use the sense of muscle relearning, that is, muscle smoothness and relaxation, throughout the exercise period. In this study, 44 normal subjects for control group and 37 patients with craniomandibular disorders for experimental group participated and they were classified into 3 subgroups, respectively. One method to guide mandibular rest position was used for one subgroup, so theree methods were used for this study, 1)self-guided rest position without any education, 2) guided by Rocabado's tongue rest position, 3) guided through swallowing after Dawson's centric relation. To record electromyographic activity, Bioelectric processor EM2 (Myotronics, U.S.A.) was used. The numbers of sessions from start to stable resting electromyographic level and muscle activities in stable state were recorded and two recordings which were first and second, 3 days after first recording, were done, The data were processed with SPSS/PC+package. The obtained results were as follows : 1. Mean number of sessions in second recording were fewer than those in first recording in both groups. In comparison among 3 subgroups, mean number of sessions of subgroup guided through Dawson's method were fewer than those of other groups though it is not statistically significant. 2. There was a difference of mean number of sessions between control and experimental group in first recording, but in second recording there was no difference in any cases. 3. Mean value of muscle activity were generally not different without regard to group and method if once come to stable resting position level. Mean value of muscle activity of guided subgroups showed a tendency of decreasing in second recording than in first recording. However, in self-guided subgroup there was a inconsistent pattern. 4. The amounts of change in session number from first to second recording in control group were fewer than those in experimental group.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 2004

Purpose : This study was conducted to identify the peritonitis occurence of CAPD, by which a basis for efficient patient management could be provided. Method: Data were collected by questionnaires and hospital record from 55 people who underwent or were going through CAPD from January 1998 to April 2004 in a university subsidiary hospital kidney department. Result: 1) There were many elderly people of 61 years or above taking up 50.9%, 75% had low levels of education with middle school graduation or less, and the cases where separate individual rooms enabling the exchange of CAPD were not possessed was shown to be 61.8%. 2) With the management feature of CAPD, those who bathed once or less per 7 days made up 60.0%, and 60% washed their hands well before exchanging solutions which meant that 40% did not wash well or just washed moderately, and in terms of CAPD education, the proportion of those receiving education both before and after dialysis was 29.1%. also, with nutrition conditions, cases where the level of serum albumin was lower than 3.0 made up 38.2%, and those who were conducting self CAPD management was 65.5%, and cases where the management was done by the spouse or family members was revealed to be 34.5%. 3) There were Peritonitis occurrences in 40% of cases, and the number of Peritonitis occurrences within the period was 36, with an occurrence rate of $0.65{\pm}0.99$. Also, 66.7% of the causing bacteria were no growth, Gram positive bacteria made up 27.8%, and Gram negative bacteria consisted of 5.5%. 4) No significant difference was found peritionitis occurrence according to general and management characteristics. Lower peritionitis occurrence were shown with those who had spouses or family members conducting CAPD management as opposed to self-managing patients(p=0.037). Conclusion: Elderly patients there needs to be the participation of family or other support resources rather than subjecting them to self-management of solution exchange and entry/exit. Also, The high occurrence rate from Gram positive bacteria is shown so the importance of CAPD management education including bathing and hand washing needs to be emphasized.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.44-55
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• 2019

This study was undertaken to examine changes in the performance of nurses before and after initial cardiac arrest, and compare the performance, confidence, and satisfaction between two groups: group 1, Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice simulation method; group 2, traditional simulation method. The participants were 122 nurses (group 1: 62, group 2: 60). Data were collected from March 18 to 29, 2019 and analyzed using the SPSS Version 23.0 program, by applying descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Wilcoxon sign rank test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. Comparing the educational effects of the traditional simulation training vs. RCDP simulation training, some items of performance were significantly different (z=-2.02, p=0.044 / z=-2.42, p=0.015 / z=-3.03, p=0.002), but no difference was observed in the levels of confidence (z=0.388, p=0.699) and satisfaction (t=0.72, p=0.476) between the two groups. This study confirms that both training methods are effective teaching modules for enhancing the nurse's ability to perform resuscitation with confidence. Hence, we suggest applying the appropriate simulation method, according to the subjects included during education, and contents in the training of Advanced Life Support for nurses. Effectiveness of the modules can be ascertained by applying the RCDP simulation training method in various fields.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-47
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• 1994

The purposes of this research are to examine the effects of muscle relaxation to the rheumatoid arthritis patients' physiological, psychological, and social adaptation, and to verify that the technique Is an effective tool for improving the patients' adaptation. This research utilized a qusi-experimental design that compares the pre-experiment measures and the post-experiment measures. The subjects of this study were 37 out-patients who were diagnosed for rheumatoid arthritis in P university hospital and K clinic between September 12, 1993 and November 30, 1993. The experimental group consisted of patients treated on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The control group consisted of patients treated on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday The pre-experimental survey utilized the following tools. The physiological adaptation was measured by a graphic rating scale for pain and activity of daily living. The psychological adaptation was measured by Zung's depression scale and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale : and the social adaptation was measured by Derogatis' psychosocial adjustment scale. The experimental group received muscle relaxation treatment for 15 minutes per day for the period of 2 weeks, the control group received no treatment and had quiet time. The post-experiment measurement was carried out similar to the pre-experiment survey, SPSS $PC^+$ is used to analyze the collected data. The reliabilities of the measurement tools were examined by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficients. The homogeneities between the experimental and control groups were tested by t-test and chi-square test, hypotheses were tested by t-test. This research found that the general characteristics between the groups were statistically homogenious. The physiological, psychological, and social adaptation between the groups in the pre-experimental survey were also statistically homogenious. The results of this research can be summarized as follows : 1. Concerning the Physiological adaptation, the experimental group showed a statistically lower pain score than the control group. Thus, muscle relaxation was effective to relieve the pain of rheumatoid arthritis patients (t=-2.95, p=.006). 2. Concerning the psychological adaptation, the experimental group showed a statistically lower depression score than the control group. Thus, muscle relaxation was effective to reduce the patient's depression(t=-4.00, p=.001). 3. Concerning social adaptation, the experimental group showed a statistically higher score for the health maintenance and disease control than the control groups. Thus, muscle relaxation was effective for the health maintenance and disease control (t=2.09, p=.004). This research showed that the muscle relaxation is a nursing intervention that can promote the physiological, psychological and social adaptation of the rheumatoid arthritis patients in terms of short-term and cognitive changes. However, more fundomental changes in behavior and long-term physiology could not be found through such a short-term relaxation treatment.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.130-137
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• 2005

In total body irradiation (T81) for leukemia, we have a two methode. One is a AP (anterior-posterior) method and the other is a Lateral methode. Our hospital used lateral methode. T81 must consider about body contour, because of homogeneous dose distribution. For compensation about irregular body contour, we use compensator. For T81 treatment, we must be considered, accurate manufacture of compensator and accurate calculation of dose. We developed the automatic program for T81. This program accomplished for compensator design and dose calculation for irregular body. This program was developed for uses to use in a windows environment using the IDL language. In this program, it use energy data for each energy: TMR, output factor, inverse square law, spoiler, field size factor. This program reduces the error to happen due to the manual. As a development of program, we could decrease the time of treatment plan and care the patient accurately.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.119-137
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• 1995

Maternity nurses' roles are to find out women's various responses related to the health problems during pregnancy, to intervene adequate nursing and supports, and to help them adapt satisfactorily to new situation, such as hospitalization. The purposes of this study are : firstly, to inquire about women's emotional status, feeling of discomfort, and the nursing need during hospitalization because of discomfort, and the nursing needs during hospitalization because of the possibility of abortion by threatened and habitual abortion : secondly, to provide fundamental data for developing adequate nursing intervention and improving hospital management. The subjects of this study were 62 women who were hospitalized, visited out-patient clinic for follow-up, and stayed at home after discharge since August, 1993 from one hospital located in Seoul, from March 23 to April 13, 1994. The questionnaire was consisted of 21 items of emotion(Reliability Cronbach's alpa, .77), 19 items of feeling of discomfort(.79), and 21 items of nursing needs (.89), and nurses' performance according to nursing needs,(.90). These were measured by using Likert Scale and analyzed by using SPSS / $PC^+$ with the descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, and ANOVA. Research findings are as follows : 1) The subjects' average age, hospitalized days, and gestational age are 32.2, 15.7, 12.9 by respectively. 2) 88.7% of the subjects are getting antepatal care, 66.1% are experiencing 1.75 times of spontaneous abortion, and 82.3% are nuclear family. 3) The Emotions were mainly comprized negative and subjective state of minds such as uneasiness, anxiety, and discomfort. The domains of emotions were related to 'fetus', 'herself', 'hospitalization', and 'husband's 'families', in rank. The highest scored item was "I, above anyone else, am mostly stressed from abortion." 4) The feelings of discomforts were firstly related to 'personal discomfort arising from absolute bed rest', 'meals provided', Usage of hospital, perse', 'health team', in rank. 5) The nursing needs frequently pointed out were 'Nurses kindly explain of me the purpose, method, and results of the lab. test', 'Nurses sincerely pay attention to my word in communication'. The least nursing needs were 'Nurses observe my feces and whether I have constipation or not'. 'When I can't move, nurses help me by holding my arms or pulling my bed'. 6) The highest performed items were 'Nurses observe whether I bleed or not', and 'Nurses give me drug with exact dose in time'. The least performed items was about hospital environment, such as 'Temperature, ventilation & humidity in the room should be controlled'. 7) Besides religion that is related to nursing need with statistically significant difference, none of general characteristics were related to emotion, feeling of discomfort, and nursing needs.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.25-37
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between personality type and symptoms and contributing factors of temporomandibular disorders. 199 college students completed the MBTI(Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by SAS 9.2 program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and mean scales of positive answers of contributing factors appeared to be higher in I type, S type, T type, P type than in E type, N type, F type, J type. 2. ISTP and ISFP among 16 types of personality seemed to have higher prevalence of symptoms and contributing factors of temporomandibular disorders than other types of personality. 3. Symptom of TMJ pain during mouth opening seemed to occur more frequently in I type, S type, F type, J type than in E type, N type, T type, P type. 4. Contributing factors including clenching and stressful state occurred significantly more frequently in I type than E type. Gum chewing habit occurred significantly more frequently in E type than in I type. 5. Unilateral chewing habit occurred significantly more frequently in J type than in P type. 6. Nervous or sensitive persons had significantly higher mean scales of positive answers of subjective symptoms than relaxed or general persons. 7. General persons had significantly lower mean scales of positive answers of contributing factors than nervous, sensitive and relaxed persons. In conclusion, these results show that there is the relationship between personality and temporomandibular disorders and patient education and counselling considering personality type may contribute to treating patients with temporomandibular disorders.