• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 영유아기 자녀가 있는 아버지의 전통적인 성역할태도와 아버지가 인식한 어머니 문지기 역할의 관계에서 아버지 우울의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 만 7세 이하 자녀가 있는 기혼 남성 366명을 대상으로 자료를 분석하였다. Mplus 7.0 프로그램을 사용하여 구조방정식 모형을 분석한 결과, 아버지의 성역할태도가 전통적일수록 아버지의 우울이 증가하였고, 어머니 문닫기에 대한 인식이 증가하였으며, 어머니 문열기에 대한 인식이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 아버지의 우울 수준이 높을수록 어머니 문닫기에 대한 인식이 증가하였고, 어머니 문열기에 대한 인식이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 부스트래핑으로 매개효과의 유의성을 확인한 결과, 아버지의 전통적인 성역할태도와 아버지가 인식한 어머니 문지기 역할의 관계를 아버지의 우울이 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과는 공동양육 관계의 질에 영향을 미치는 아버지의 심리적 특성을 확인함으로써 어머니 문지기 역할에 대한 이해를 확장하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점, 제한점 및 후속연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.623-628
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• 1992

Records on weaning (3803) and yearling weight (2990) of beef cattle (Bibos banteng) from the Bali Cattle Improvement Project were examined. A mixed model analysis involving all main non-genetic effects (village, year of birth, season of birth, age of dam, sex of calf, all significant interactions and age at weighing as a covariate) as fixed effects and sire nested within village as a random effect was undertaken. Variance components were estimated by Henderson's Method III. Paternal half-sib components of variance and covariance were used to estimate heritabilities of weaning and yearling weights, as well as their genetic and phenotypic correlations. Heritability estimates ($\pm$ standard error) obtained by Henderson's Method III for weaning and yearling weights were $.11{\pm}.03$ and $.13{\pm}.04$, respectively while the phenotypic and genetic correlations were estimated as .32 and $.64{\pm}.10$, respectively. The parameters estimated in this study were at the lower end of the range of reported values from various breeds. It is concluded that further information should be gathered to assist in estimating genetic parameters for other economic traits of Bali beef cattle and to provide more accurate estimates for weaning and yearling weights. These parameters should then be used to formulate a selection program to enable the genetic improvement of Bali Beef cattle.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review the literature on paternity leave and family health over the last 10 years. Methods: Nine studies that met the criteria were selected from sixty-four studies. General characteristics, study design, and major findings about paternity leave were analyzed using an established analysis framework. Results: From the integrative review, paternity leave was found to affect the health of fathers, mothers, and children, as well as family health and gender equality. The father's paternity leave resulted in an increase in mothers' breast feeding rate, a decrease in maternal depression, a reduction in parenting stress, a reduction in all-cause mortality of men, feelings of instinctive paternal love, increased parenting, skills, and positive parent-child relationships. It was interpreted that paternity leave had a positive effect on the mental and physical health of individual members of the family. Conclusion: This study provides the basic data on the health effects of father's parental leave on the family system in a holistic view. In addition, this study proposes the direction of paternity leave and family health research and policy needs.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of smoking prevention program on changing the knowledge and attitude about smoking behavior of elementary school students, In September 1993, as a pretest, a total of 1492 students from 4 elementary schools in Seoul were assessed with self-completing questionnaire pertaining to knowledge and attitude about smoking. Among them, 704 students from 2 schools were assigned to intervention group and 788 students from other 2 schools were assigned to control group. Smoking prevention program was implemented in intervention group for about six months. In September 1994, as a posttest, all students were reassessed with the same questionnaire. The overall experimental smoking rate of students in the study was 8.0%; 13.4% in males and 2.9% in females. The baseline smoking knowledge score of intervention group and control group was 12.3 and 12.0, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. But each score collected after one year interval was 15.3 and 13.0, respectively, which were significantly different(p<0.01). The main items of attitude, such as 'future intention to smoke', were not significantly changed by the intervention. Important predictors of 'future intention to smoke' in males were past history of experimental smoking, paternal smoking and knowledge about smoking. In females, past history of experimental smoking and knowledge about smoking were important predictors.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1475-1478
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• 2005

Statistical analysis was conducted on sow stillbirth traits of three genotypes with 2,400 litters including the Erhualian, Large White and the $F_1$ cross of these two breeds. Number of stillborn piglets per litter in the Erhualian, Large White and the $F_1$ averaged 0.85, 0.31 and 0.70, and percentage born alive averaged 95.0%, 97.0% and 95.5%, respectively. Erhualian sows with a greater litter size also had a higher stillbirth rate. Results of analysis of variance indicated that genotype, parity, farrowing year${\times}$farrowing season interaction and total number born had highly significant effects on both number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive in sows (p<0.0001). Farrowing year had no significant effect on number of stillborn piglets per litter (p>0.05), and highly significant effect on percentage born alive (p<0.01). Farrowing season had highly significant effects on both number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive (p<0.01). From parity one to parity ten, least squares means for number of stillborn piglets per litter progressively increased with increasing parity and least squares means for percentage born alive progressively decreased with increasing parity. Sows that farrowed in winter had the highest number of stillborn piglets per litter and the lowest percentage born alive, sows that farrowed in autumn had the lowest number of stillborn piglets per litter and the highest percentage born alive. With increasing total number born, least squares means for number of stillborn piglets per litter markedly increased and least squares means for percentage born alive markedly decreased. Results from analysis of paternal half sibs indicated that the heritabilities for number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive were 0.110 and 0.124, and the genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations between them were -0.989, -0.951 and -0.948, respectively. These results indicated that number of stillborn piglets per litter and percentage born alive were traits with the similar genetic background.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2013

Objectives : 'Taegyo,' prenatal education, is steeped into Korean culture. Although there has been a traditional focus on providing education and care for the fetus in Korea, there is a lack of medical evidence for its effectiveness. Methods : The authors assessed the scientific basis for 'Taegyo' by reviewing the evidences. Results : 'Taegyo' in Korea began with the spread of Buddhist culture from China, and transmitted by word-of-mouth. The first 'Taegyo' book, the Tae-gyo-shin-gi, was published on 1803. Modern prenatal education is very diverse. However, only a few studies on its effect have been conducted. Development of medicine, especially obstetrics, fetology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and etc., has learned that many factors, including bad environmental conditions and maternal stress, influenced against the fetus and mother. As for the paternal side, occupation, smoking, and stress were also revealed to have consequences for the development of the fetus. On the contrary, adequate maternal nutrition, exercise, and music stimulation positively impact the fetal development and healthy birth. Conclusion : Traditional contents of 'Taegyo' were proved to have effectiveness from evidence-based medicine and animal experiments. We need further studies to explore the impact of prenatal education for the fetal development and maternal health.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.784-788
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• 2008

Studies to detect genes responsible for economic traits in farm animals have been performed using parametric linear models. A non-parametric, model-free approach using the 'expanded multifactor-dimensionality reduction (MDR) method' considering high dimensionalities of interaction effects between multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), was applied to identify interaction effects of SNPs responsible for carcass traits in a Hanwoo beef cattle population. Data were obtained from the Hanwoo Improvement Center, National Agricultural Cooperation Federation, Korea, and comprised 299 steers from 16 paternal half-sib proven sires that were delivered in Namwon or Daegwanryong livestock testing stations between spring of 2002 and fall of 2003. For each steer at approximately 722 days of age, the Longssimus dorsi muscle area (LMA) was measured after slaughter. Three functional SNPs (19_1, 18_4, 28_2) near the microsatellite marker ILSTS035 on BTA6, around which the QTL for meat quality were previously detected, were assessed. Application of the expanded MDR method revealed the best model with an interaction effect between the SNPs 19_1 and 28_2, while only one main effect of SNP19_1 was statistically significant for LMA (p<0.01) under a general linear mixed model. Our results suggest that the expanded MDR method better identifies interaction effects between multiple genes that are related to polygenic traits, and that the method is an alternative to the current model choices to find associations of multiple functional SNPs and/or their interaction effects with economic traits in livestock populations.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 아동이 지각한 부모애착, 부모의 행복감, 아동의 자율성 간의 관계가 어떠한지를 살펴보고, 부모애착과 부모의 행복감이 아동의 자율성에 미치는 영향력을 구체적으로 파악하고자 하였다. 한국아동패널 12차년도(2019년) 자료를 대상으로 빈도분석과 기술통계 분석을 하였고, 변인간의 상관분석을 위해 Pearson's의 적률 상관계수를 산출하였다. 아동의 자율성에 관해 부모애착과 부모의 행복감의 영향력을 살펴보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아동이 지각한 부모애착과 부모의 행복감, 아동의 자율성은 모두 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 부모 애착의 하위 변인 중에서는 모 신뢰감, 부 신뢰감, 모 의사소통이 영향력을 나타내는 것으로 드러났고, 부모 행복감에서는 모 행복감만이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 부모 애착이 부모 행복감보다 더 중요한 영향력을 미치는 변인으로 작용한다는 것을 의미한다. 이에 우리는 아동이 능동적이고 주도적인 선택과 결정을 통해 삶의 만족감을 얻을 수 있도록 부모와 더욱 친밀하고 안정적인 관계 속에서 아동을 지지해 나갈 수 있도록 끊임없는 관심과 노력이 요구된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2007

The callipyge mutation in sheep is a polar overdominant mutation that results in post-natal muscle hypertrophy in the loin and hindquarters of paternal heterozygotes (+/CLPG). Sheep that are homozygous for the callipyge allele (CLPG/CLPG) do not express the muscle hypertrophy phenotype, but serve as carriers for the mutation. Callipyge sheep are characterized by improved feed efficiencies and leaner carcasses. Leptin is a protein hormone secreted from adipose tissue and has been found to affect appetite and serve as an indicator of body fat mass. To date, very little knowledge is available as to the effect of the callipyge mutation on circulating leptin levels. Due to the interaction of leptin with feed intake and energy availability, and the fact that the majority of fetal growth occurs in late gestation, it is important to understand if the callipyge mutation interacts with leptin production in late gestational ewes. Therefore, our objective was to characterize serum concentrations of leptin in late gestational callipyge ewes vs. non-callipyge ewes. We evaluated genetically verified callipyge (n=6), homozygous (n=8) and normal (n=8) ewes weekly during the last eight wks of gestation through one wk post-partum. Weights were taken and body condition scores were assigned by trained personnel weekly. Blood was collected via jugular venipuncture on each sampling date and subjected to an ovine-specific leptin RIA. Genotype influences on peripheral concentrations of leptin were found to be highly significant (p=0.0005). Total leptin means for +/CLPG were 5.41${\pm}$0.40 ng/ml, CLPG/CLPG 8.11${\pm}$0.70 ng/ml, and +/+ 9.13${\pm}$0.93 ng/ml. Sampling date was also significant (p=0.0098) with all ewes showing a decrease in leptin levels throughout gestation and parturition. Using repeated measures, we were able to detect lower levels of plasma leptin in callipyge ewes, which may be indicative of their lower overall body fat content. These results indicate that the callipyge phenotype decreases the levels of adipose tissue and leptin production in gestating ewes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1250-1256
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• 2002

A novel fine-mapping method exploiting linkage disequilibrium (LD) was applied to better refine the quantitative trait loci (QTL) positions for milk production traits on bovine chromosome 14 in the pedigree comprising 22 paternal half-sib families of a Black-and-White Holstein-Friesian grand-daughter design in the Netherlands for a total of 1,034 sons. The chromosome map was constructed with the 31 genetic markers spanning 90 Kosambi cM with the average inter-marker distance of 3.5 cM. The linkage analyses, in which the effects of sire QTL alleles were assumed random and the random factor of the QTL allelic effects was incorporated into the Animal Model, found the QTL for milk, fat, and protein yield and fat and protein % with the Lod scores of 10.9, 2.3, 6.0, 25.4 and 3.2, respectively. The joint analyses including LD information by use of multi-marker haplotypes highly increased the evidence of the QTL (Lod scores were 25.1, 20.9, 11.0, 85.7 and 17.4 for the corresponding traits, respectively). The joint analyses including DGAT markers in the defined haplotypes again increased the QTL evidence and the most likely QTL positions for the five traits coincided with the position of the DGAT gene, supporting the hypothesis of the direct causal involvement of the DGAT gene. This study strongly indicates that the exploitation of LD information will allow additional gains of power and precision in finding and localising QTL of interest in livestock species, on the condition of high marker density around the QTL region.