• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.98-101
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• 1997

Acute patellar dislocation is a painful, terrifying experience that always occurs suddenly. The recurrence is unfortunately common and each experience is just as painful to the patient. With each acute dislocation, additional intraarticular derangement occurs. Therefore the goals of treatments are not only to relieve acute pain by prompt reduction of the dislocation but also to remove any chondral or osteochondral fragments that may be present within the knee joint and to restore normal patellofemoral anatomy, thereby preventing recurrent dislocation and avoiding future patellar subluxation. To present the details of arthroscopic medial retinacular repair in acute patellar dislocation. we report 2 patients with treatment of acute patellar dislocation with osteochondral loose body.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.420-426
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• 2018

Background: The tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is used to determine the necessity of tibial tubercle osteotomy. We conducted this study to determine the extent to which each of the tibial tuberosity lateralization, trochlear groove medialization, and knee rotation angle affects the TT-TG distance in both normal and patella dislocated patients and thereby scrutinize the rationale for tuberosity transfer based on the TT-TG distance. Methods: Retrospective analysis of rotational profile computed tomography was done for patella dislocated and control group patients. Femoral anteversion, tibial torsion, knee rotation angle, tuberosity lateralization, and trochlear groove medialization were assessed in all patients. Relationship of these parameters with the TT-TG distance was investigated to evaluate their effects on the TT-TG distance. Results: We observed that the patellar dislocation group, compared to the control group, had increased TT-TG distance (mean, 19.05 mm vs. 9.02 mm) and greater tuberosity lateralization (mean, 64.1% vs. 60.7%) and tibial external rotation in relation to the femur (mean, $7.9^{\circ}$ vs. $-0.81^{\circ}$). Conclusions: Tuberosity lateralization and knee rotation were factors affecting patellar dislocation. These factors should be considered in addition to the TT-TG distance to determine the need for tibial tubercle osteotomy in patients with patellar dislocation.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.251-259
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Korean medicine treatment in combination with intra-articular bee venom injection and needle-embedding therapy on recurrent patellar dislocation in patient. The Patient, diagnosed as recurrent patellar dislocation, was treated by Korean medicine treatment in combination with intra-articular bee venom injection and needle-embedding therapy. Visual analogue scale (VAS), knee flexion range of motion (ROM), Korean Western Ontario and Mcmaster Universities arthritis index (K-WOMAC) were used to measure changes during treatment. After treatment, VAS, knee flexion ROM, K-WOMAC were improved significantly. The Korean medicine treatment in combination with intra-articular bee venom injection and needle-embedding therapy was proved to be helpful to improve the symptoms of the recurrent patellar dislocation.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.674-687
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• 2022

Patellofemoral instability (PFI) is common in pediatric knee injuries. PFI results from loss of balance in the dynamic relationship of the patella in the femoral trochlear groove. Patellar lateral dislocation, which is at the extreme of the PFI, results from medial stabilizer injury and leads to the patella hitting the lateral femoral condyle. Multiple contributing factors to PFI have been described, including anatomical variants and altered biomechanics. Femoral condyle dysplasia is a major risk factor for PFI. Medial stabilizer injury contributes to PFI by creating an imbalance in dynamic vectors of the patella. Increased Q angle, femoral anteversion, and lateral insertion of the patellar tendon are additional contributing factors that affect dynamic vectors on the patella. An imbalance in the dynamics results in patellofemoral malalignment, which can be recognized by the presence of patella alta, patellar lateral tilt, and lateral subluxation. Dynamic cross-sectional images are useful for in vivo tracking of the patella in patients with PFI. Therapeutic approaches aim to restore normal patellofemoral dynamics and prevent persistent PFI. In this article, the imaging findings of PFI, including risk factors and characteristic findings of acute lateral patellar dislocation, are reviewed. Non-surgical and surgical approaches to PFI in pediatric patients are discussed.

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.18-19
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• 2006

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.15-15
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• 2007

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.28-29
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• 2006

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.30-31
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2006

Purpose: This study seeks to address the results of percutaneous lateral release and medial reefing for patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. Materials and Methods: This paper focuses on 27 cases from 25 patients who had a surgical operation at our hospital in a span of eight years and six months from the time of December 1996 to May 2005. The subjects consist of 11 males and 14 females, and their average age was 22.2 years old. All the patients had their trauma history, and the average frequency of dislocation before surgery was 11.5 times. Results: The congruence angle before operation was 23.3 degree on the average, while the lateral patellofemoral angle was -5.7 degree on average. However, the congruence angle after surgery came to -2.4 degree, while the lateral patellofemoral angle recovered to the normal range of within 11.5 degrees. Four cases showed the recurrent dislocation, and two out of those four cases had -35, -12 degrees of their lateral patellofemoral angle respectively and 59, 14 degrees of their congruence angle respectively. Conclusion: Using percutaneous lateral release with medial reefing can be considered as an effective treatment for recurrent patellar dislocation

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.214-218
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• 2006

Purpose: We describe a new technique of arthroscopic medial plication using pull-out suture with consideration of anatomical location of medial patellofemoral ligament for the treatment of acute or recurrent patellar dislocation. Operative technique: Under arthroscopic examination, sutures are passed through the medial capsule, at which medial patellofemoral ligament is located, from outside to inside of knee joint. Three guide wires are inserted from anterior surface of the patella to upper half of its medial border. Intraarticular portions of sutures are pulled out toward anterior surface of the patella through bony tunnels. Under appropriate tension, the sutures are tied after performing lateral retinacular release. Conclusion: As suturing medial patellofemoral ligament, this technique can maximize the effect of medial plication and can correct subluxation and tilt of the patella. It seems to be a minimally invasive, easy and effective method for the treatment of acute or recurrent patellar dislocation.