• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2008

Purpose: As the care of surgical patients becomes increasingly complex and catheter-based techniques are more frequently applied, the pattern of iatrogenic vascular injuries may be increasing. Major vascular injuries can jeopardize a patient's life or limb survival. The purpose of this study was to examine the current etiology and prognosis for iatrogenic vascular injuries. Methods: We reviewed medical records of 29 cases of iatrogenic vascular injury that were treated Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between October 2003 and October 2008. We studied clinical variables including demographics, cause of injury, clinical presentations, management and prognosis. Results: The mean age was 60.8 years (range: 25-86), and the male to female ratio was 1.9 : 1. The causes of injuries were operation related complication in 18 cases (62.1%), endovascular intervention and diagnostic angiography in 11 cases (37.9%). The types of vascular injury were partial severance in 14 cases, pseudoaneurysm in 8, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in 3, thrombosis in 2, complete severance in 2. Especially, device related complication including percutaneous closing device were occurred in 9 and the others came from inadvertent physician's procedure. Primary repair were done in 12 cases, end-to-end anastomosis in 5, interposition graft in 4, ligation in 2, patch angioplasty in 1, peudoaneurysm excision and arteriorrhaphy in 1, hematoma evacuation in 1, and endovascular repair in 3. There were 2 cases of mortality, one of them due to hemorrhagic shock and the other due to septic shock. Conclusion: Proper selection of treatment modalities should be important to have better outcome according to the type of injury as well as anatomical location. Each physician should be familiar to new device as well as patient's topographical feature. Immediate referral to vascular specialist is also essential to reduce morbidity.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.76-79
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• 2012

골프장에서 잔디혹응애에 의한 들잔디 피해와 형태적 특징을 조사하여 골프장 잔디관리의 기초자료를 제공하고자 연구를 수행하였다. 잔디혹응애는 경기도 포천에서 경남 진주까지 전국적으로 발생하고 있었으며 봄부터 가을까지 피해가 나타났다. 피해 받은 잔디는 엽의 한쪽면이 말리고, 응애는 말린 잎 안에서 가해하였다. 피해잔디의 말려진 부분은 황화 되었으며 골프장에서는 회색의 불규칙한 패치형 병반을 형성하고 있었다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2019

본 연구는 원자력 발전소등의 국가 핵심기반시설에 대한 기존의 사이버 보안 위험 모델링 기법을 분석하고 이의 한계점 및 개선방안을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 대상은 전력 및 원자력 발전소, SCADA등의 국가 핵심기반시설의 사이버 보안 위험 모델링 기법이다. 연구에서는 SCADA, 전력, 원자력 발전의 사이버 보안 위험 모델링 분야의 총 26편에 대한 선행 연구 사례를 분석하고, 이를 정성적 모델링과 정량적 모델링 기법으로 구분하여 각각의 특징과 한계점에 대해 분석하였다. 최근 핵심기반시설은 디지털화 되어 가는 추세이며 Windows등의 운영체제를 사용하는 시스템들로 구성되어 있지만, 상시 운영되어야 하는 요구사항으로 인해, 취약점이 발견되더라도 패치등을 즉각 행할 수가 없는 특징이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 제약사항들을 감안하여 취약점들이 핵심기반시설의 생명주기동안 어떤 특성으로 전파되고 예방 할 수 있는지에 대한 모델링 기법 방안을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2019

Weed control is a crucial practice not only in organic farming, but also in modern agriculture because it can lead to loss in crop yield. In general, weed is distributed in patches heterogeneously in the field. These patches vary in size, shape, and density. Thus, it would be efficient if chemicals are sprayed on these patches rather than spraying uniformly in the field, which can pollute the environment and be cost prohibitive. In this sense, weed detection could be beneficial for sustainable agriculture. Studies have been conducted to detect weed patches in the field using remote sensing technologies, which can be classified into a method using image segmentation based on morphology and a method with vegetative indices based on the wavelength of light. In this study, the latter methodology has been used to detect the weed patches. As a result, it was found that the vegetative indices were easier to operate as it did not need any sophisticated algorithm for differentiating weeds from crop and soil as compared to the former method. Consequently, we demonstrated that the current method of using vegetative index is accurate enough to detect weed patches, and will be useful for farmers to control weeds with minimal use of chemicals and in a more precise manner.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2022

인체의 두피 각질에서 유산균 Leuconostoc mesenteroides을 분리하여 배양하고 이를 함유한 가용화 에센스를 피부에 첩포한 후 자극 유무 검증을 통해 화장품의 소재로 활용 가능성을 판단하고자 하였다. 1% 농도로 희석한 L. mesenteroides 배양액과 이를 1% 함유한 에센스를 제조하여 L. mesenteroides 배양액은 31명, 에센스는 32명의 피시험자들의 등 부위에 24시간 첩포하고 이를 제거한 후 30분, 24시간, 48시간 후의 상태를 피부과 전문의가 육안으로 판독하여 자극 지수를 산출하였다. 이 결과 L. mesenteroides 배양액은 0.011점, 에센스는 0점이 도출되어 모두 무자극으로 피부에 안전한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서의 일차자극시험 결과와 선행 연구에서 보고된 항알레르기, 항산화, 항염 활성능 등을 미루어 보아 저 농도의 L. mesenteroides 배양액은 피부에 안전하여 향후 기초화장품에 적용 시 피부자극이 없는 소재로 활발한 연구가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.2002-2010
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• 2024

Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has operated an integral effect test facility, the Advanced Thermal-Hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation (ATLAS), with reference to the APR1400 (Advanced Power Reactor 1400) for tests for transient and design basis accidents simulation. A test for a loss of coolant accident (LOCA) at the top of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) had been conducted at ATLAS to address the impact of the loss of safety injections (LSI) and to evaluate accident management (AM) actions during the postulated accident. The experimental data has been utilized to validate system analysis codes within a framework of the domestic standard problem program organized by KAERI in collaboration with Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety. In this study, the test has been analyzed by using thermal-hydraulic system analysis codes, MARS-KS 1.5 and TRACE 5.0 Patch 6, and a comparative analysis with experimental and calculation results has been performed. The main objective of this study is the investigation of the thermal-hydraulic phenomena during a small break LOCA at the RPV upper head with the LSI as well as the predictability of the system analysis codes after the AM actions during the test. The results from both codes reveal that overall physical behaviors during the accident are predicted by the codes, appropriately, including the excursion of the peak cladding temperature because of the LSI. It is also confirmed that the core integrity is maintained with the proposed AM action. Considering the break location, a sensitivity analysis for the nodalization of the upper head has been conducted. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the nodalization gave a significant impact on the analysis result. The result emphasizes the importance of the nodalization which should be performed with a consideration of the physical phenomena occurs during the transient.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.867-878
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• 2011

Development restriction areas (greenbelt areas) of Korea were recognized in 1970 as a means to control urban sprawl and conserve the natural environment. Although there have been some achievements, for a long time many planners and residents have requested a redefining of the green belt due to individual property rights restrictions and urban management problems. In fact, a lot of the greenbelt area is being destroyed by urban development. Therefore, conservation of ecological spaces in the green belt is needed to maintain urban naturalness. In this regard, this study suggests efficient methods to manage the greenbelt through the adoption of a landscape ecological value assessment. The greenbelt of the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) is represented as the case study because there has been mounting pressure to develop the area in Korea. In this study, the assessment of the landscape ecology in the greenbelt area focuses on landscape structure and function. The assessment consists of the following steps: First, patches were derived by NDVI analysis using landsat remote sensing data. Second, characteristics of the patches were quantified by analyzing the landscape structure, such as patch size and shape index. Lastly, the gravity model and least cost path analysis to assess connectivity were applied to evaluate the landscape function in the green belt areas. The assessment result showed that 48.45% of green belt area should be conserved to maintain ecological stability and function. Moreover, major ecological networks were identified near the large patches in the northern and southern areas. However, relative low ecological values were identified in the western part of the green belt area due to the lack of green spaces. Furthermore, some development plans in the green belt were also identified near the conservation area. Based on these results, the restoration needed areas to enhance ecological value in green belt were displayed. This study suggests efficient management of the greenbelt area, which is disappearing as a result of urban development. The area for conservation chosen in this study should be managed carefully in urban planning. Finally, the results of this study can be used in green belt polices and plans for the promotion of ecological naturalness and stability.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.318-328
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• 2017

내연산일대 산림식생의 생태적 관리를 위한 기초자료 제공을 목적으로 Z.-M.학파의 식물사회학적 방법으로 총 149개의 표본조사구에서 식생조사를 실시하여 식생유형을 구분하고 그 생태적 특성을 파악하였다. 산림식생은 종조성 측면에서 총 10개 유형으로 구분되었고 2개 군락군, 4개 군락, 6개 아군락 그리고 6개 변군락의 단위체계를 가지고 있었다. 상층 우점종에 의한 상관식생은 총 19개 유형으로 구분되었고 이 중 자연식생은 신갈나무군락, 소나무군락, 망개나무군락, 헛개나무군락 등 18개 유형 그리고 인공식생은 일본잎갈나무림 1개 유형이었다. 구성종의 중요치 분석 결과 잠재자연식생 요소인 신갈나무가 다른 구성종에 비하여 대부분의 임분에서 상대적으로 중요치가 높게 나타나 인위적 간섭이 없는 한 일부 입지를 제외하고 대부분 신갈나무군락으로의 변화가 예상되었다. 산림식생의 공간분포 특성을 파악하기 위하여 상층 우점종에 의해 1/5,000 대축척 현존상관식생도를 작성한 결과, 자연식생이 98.2%로 대부분을 차지하고 있었으며, 식생 패치수는 733개 그리고 패치당 평균면적은 3.93ha로 나타났다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.254-269
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• 1988

52 cases of ventricular septal defect [VSD] associated with aortic insufficiency [Al] were found among 1271 patients with simple VSD operated during 27-year period [1959, August-1987, June] at Seoul National University Hospital. Their preoperative data, intraoperative findings and postoperative short-term and long-term follow-up data were evaluated to find the proper timing and method of surgical treatment. The result of this survey shows as follows: 1. To obtain the proper surgical indication, cardiac catheterization and angiography, especially root aortography, was essential. 2. Of all 52 patients, the VSD were type I in 40 patients [77%], type II in 8 [15%] and combination of type I and II in 4 [3%]. Patch closure of VSD were performed in 46 patients and direct suture closure of small VSD in 6. Most common pathologic findings of Al were prolapse of right coronary cusp [40 cases, 77%]. Aortic valve reconstruction were performed in 19 patients, aortic valve replacement in 6 and VSD closure alone in 27. 3. There were 3 surgical deaths [mortality 5.8%], and the long-term follow-up shows that VSD closure alone might have been sufficient to arrest progression of Al in younger patients [less than 10-year old], particularly in those with mild insufficiency. Valve reconstructions, when necessary, were more effective when done at an early age [less than 15-year old]. In a conclusion, we could recommend followings: 1. If patient at any age having VSD with Al is diagnosed, prompt operation is recommended. As for the surgical method, VSD closure only may be fit for mild degree of Al when patient is less than 10-year old, but the management of valve itself may be needed for moderate to severe degree of Al, especially when patient is over 10 year old. The management of valve itself may be variable, but valve reconstruction should be considered as a first choice in less than 15-year old patient. If patient is diagnosed less than 5-year old without evidence of Al, close follow-up observation is recommended. But if Al evidences of clinical findings and/or echocardiography during follow-up examination are notified, corrective operation should be accomplished while the Al is mild. If cusp prolapse and/or even type I VSD of significant size is demonstrated on aortogram, without Al, it should be corrected as early as possible before the patient is about 5 years old.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2012

차아염소산나트륨은 근관 세척 시 널리 쓰이는 약제이다. 근관계의 멸균에는 효과적이나, 부작용에 대해서는 알려진 바가 많지 않으며 특히 유치에서 근관세척제로 사용 시 부작용에 대한 보고는 거의 없었다. 본 증례는 차아염소산나트륨이 유치의 치근단을 통과하였을 때 심각한 부작용을 일으킬 수 있음을 보여준다. 만 4세 여아가 치과의원에서 차아염소산나트륨을 이용한 상악 유중절치의 재근관 치료 중 급격한 안면 부종과 통증으로 본원 응급실로 의뢰되었다. 전신적 스테로이드제, 항히스타민제, 항생제 및 진통제를 투여하고, 해당 치아는 2차 감염 예방을 위해 발거하였다. 2일 후 부종이 감소하기 시작하였다. 차아염소산나트륨에 대한 알레르기 반응 검사 결과 음성을 나타내었다. 유치의 근관 세척 시에는 차아염소산나트륨이 치주조직으로 압출되지 않도록 철저히 주의해야 하며, 부작용이 일어날 경우 통증 및 부종 완화와 약물 치료가 필요하다.