• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1282-1289
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• 2011

The rail passenger demand for the railroad operations required a short-term demand rather than a long-term demand. The rail passenger demand can be classified according to the purpose. First, the rail passenger demand will be use to the restructure of line planning on the current operating line. Second, the rail passenger demand will be use to the line planning on the new line and purchasing the train vehicles. The objective of study is to analyze the travel behavior of rail passenger for modeling of short-term demand forecasting. The scope of research is the passenger of KTX. The travel behavior was analyzed the daily trips, origin/destination trips for KTX passenger using the ANOVA and the clustering analysis. The results of analysis provide the directions of the short-term demand forecasting model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

Due to the limitations in the statistical data, the existing studies adopted rough methodologies with strong assumptions in the estimation of international passenger travel demand forecast in the ASEAN region. This study aims to develop international passenger travel demand models using scientific methodologies. This study proposes a direct demand model using the immigration and emigration data between countries in the region. This is because of the difficulty of estimating trip generation and trip distribution separately due to the data limitation in the region. As there does not exist the mode choice model for the region, this study estimates a mode choice model using the Stated Preference technique. The mode choice model is separated into three categories of models according to the range of distance between the origin and destination of travel; this is to reflect the different behavior in mode choice according to the travel distance. The result of model estimations suggests that the estimated models produce resonable results statistically. It is expected that the proposed models are useful for the future travel demand estimation in the ASEAN region.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 1996

In most cities, travel demand is distributed along long corridors and its destinations tend to concentrate in a central business district. For this kind of many-to-one or one-to-many travel demand pattern, a zonal operation of buses can be an efficient bus operation technique in which a long bus-demand corridor is divided into service zones and each service zone is provided with its own bus route connecting the service zone and single destination separately. This paper develops models of the total transportation costs for a single-zone operation and 2-zonal operation of buses for a long demand corridor with single destination in terms of various cost parameters, demand density, bus operation speeds, and location of the boundary between two service zones. In this study the total transportation cost is assumed to consist of the bus operation cost, passenger waiting cost and passenger travel time cost. It was proved that a zonal operation of buses can be more efficient than a single-zone operation for certain circumstances of the system and an boundary condition between two operation techniques was obtained. Also, several case studies were performed for various values of the cost parameters.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The Toll Collection System (TCS) operated by the Korea Expressway Corporation provides accurate traffic counts between tollgates within the expressway network under the closed-type toll collection system. However, although origin-destination (OD) matrices for a travel demand model can be constructed using these traffic counts, these matrices cannot be directly applied because it is technically difficult to determine appropriate passenger car equivalent (PCE) values for the vehicle types used in TCS. Therefore, this study was initiated to systematically determine the appropriate PCE values of TCS vehicle types for the travel demand model. METHODS : To search for the appropriate PCE values of TCS vehicle types, a traffic demand model based on TCS-based OD matrices and the expressway network was developed. Using the traffic demand model and a genetic algorithm, the appropriate PCE values were optimized through an approach that minimizes errors between actual link counts and estimated link volumes. RESULTS : As a result of the optimization, the optimal PCE values of TCS vehicle types 1 and 5 were determined to be 1 and 3.7, respectively. Those of TCS vehicle types 2 through 4 are found in the manual for the preliminary feasibility study. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the given vehicle delay functions and network properties (i.e., speeds and capacities), the travel demand model with the optimized PCE values produced a MAPE value of 37.7%, RMSE value of 17124.14, and correlation coefficient of 0.9506. Conclusively, the optimized PCE values were revealed to produce estimates of expressway link volumes sufficiently close to actual link counts.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.257-262
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• 2005

Sleeping cars mean railroad cars which are equipped with facilities available business, travel, rest, sleep for long distance travel. Domestic sleeping cars , as the concept of ‘night train’, provide passenger who travel at night with simple berth . German, Japanese, American sleeping cars are classified with sleeping car, coach car, seat car or first class, standard class, family room, room for the handicapped, which offer not only sleep but various facilities and service such as snack, reading, available shower for daytime travel. Accordingly, through the analyzing spatial factor of domestic and foreign sleeping cars, we first should abstract the demand for fundamental design to enhance our passenger's comfort. And then we should try to improve the quality of travel culture by offering it passenger.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.160-171
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• 1998

Express subway system is one of the effective systems adapting to improve service level. Express trains make fewer passenger stop, using a double track or a bypass track, than local trains which served all stations, Express service has been very popular with passengers who travel uninterrupted between terminals, but is has generated some dissatisfaction among passengers who experience longer waiting time on stations. This study aims at proposing the methodology to analyze changes of travel pattern in subway system adapting the express service and to estimate the time saving effects resulting from the installation of the express system. This methodology is evaluated in the fifth line under an assumpt ion that express subway system are adapted. Based on the results of the case study, the following conclusions are made: First, express system reduce a total travel time of 13% or above. Second, shorter headway of express trains increases the time saving effects on subway system. although it requests more waiting time to local train passenger. Third, an installation of Express system to Seoul subway system can augment subway demand in seoul metropolitan area.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.540-552
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• 2011

Freight travel pattern has been less studied comparing with the field of passenger travel. Nonetheless, the importance of the freight travel has been increasing in urban travel sector, and the research needs on the freight travel demand hence is increasing. The current paper aims to identify, by tons of freight trucks and cargos, the characteristics of mean travel pattern, efficiency or performance, and the characteristics of freight trip chain regarding destination location, destination type and freight type. The study analyzed the nation-wide data of freight travel behavior survey. This study intended to set the starting framework of decision-making principle in freight travel, which has already been popular in passenger travel study. Findings suggest that those characteristics are clearly distinguished among trucks and cargos of different sizes of tons. The results are expected to provide important insight to the development of relevant transportation policy measures.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.35-39
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• 2003

Effort has been given to improve demand forecast methodology of rail system since it can have great impact on project evaluation of rail system investment. However most of demand forecast softwares developed in western countries where concerns have been provided mostly to private transport and they should be updated in order to reflect our country's situation accurately. Therefore, this paper aims, especially focusing on rail system, to do comparison analysis of oversea's passenger demand forecast softwares and provide some ideas to develop the updated demand forecast system which enables to reflect our country's situation accurately. Main conclusions are that we will need to have well described model for real situation. So we will have to study for these aspects for travel demand forecasting system and develop the package architecture.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.539-546
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• 2016

It is over 12 years since the launch of Korea Train eXpress (KTX) services. Demand for the KTX has been on the increase continuously but few studies have been produced related to this phenomenon. KTX passenger demand has been constantly increasing due to influencing factors such as the expansion of network, rise of oil prices, etc. In this study, our main focus is to verify that there are other types of elements that are causing an increase in KTX demand; our approach looks at changes in social and psychological aspect that have occurred due to the reduction of travel time and cost, as well as the imposition of a five-day workweek. In other words, we considered diffusion theory in the marketing area, which affects product selection and purchasing attitudes, as a key factor that is causing passenger demand to increase. That is to say that it is hypothesized that the demand for travel on the KTX has increased due to the train's utility, which is spread by the diffusion effect Therefore, the Bass diffusion model was applied to explain the dramatic increase in KTX passenger demand. Based on this foundation, it was also discussed how certain marketing strategies that incorporate the diffusion effect should be considered variously for sustainable management of rail transportation, while considering a steady passenger demand.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

In accordance with low carbon and green growth paradigm, a subway is one of major public transit systems for resolving traffic congestion and decreasing traffic accidents. In addition, as subway networks expand, passengers' travel pattern in the subway network change and consequently affect the urban structure. Generally, new subway route has been planned and developed, mainly considering a travel demand forecast. However, it is desired to conduct an empirical analysis on the forecast model regarding change of travel accessibility and passenger demand pattern according to new subway line. Therefore, in this paper, an alternative method, developed based upon a spatial syntax model, is proposed for evaluating new subway route in terms of passenger's mobility and network accessibility. In a case study, we constructed subway network data, mainly targeting the no 9 subway line opened in 2009. With an axial-map analysis, we calculated spatial characteristics to describe topological movement interface. We then analyzed actual modal shift and change on demand of passengers through the number of subway passenger between subway stations and the number of passenger according to comparative bus line from Smart Card to validate suggested methods. Results show that the proposed method provides quantitative means of visualizing passenger flow in subway route planning and of analyzing the time-space characteristics of network. Also, it is expected that the proposed method can be utilized for predicting a passengers' pattern and its impact on public transportation.