• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.185-192
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• 1997

The combustion of cellulose insulation treated with Borax, Boric acid and Aluminum Sulfate as combustion retardants is examined by candle type combustion tester. The cellulose fibers in cellulose insulation are classified by diameter as less than 0.2mm, 0.2mm-0.5mm, 0.5mm-2mm and more than 2mm. The burning behavior of cellulose insulation are studied by LOI (Limit Oxygen Index: Beginning point of smoldering), L- point (Lower point of combustion transition from smoldering- flaming to flaming combustion), LOI, L-point and H-point rise with the increasing particle size of cellulose fibers because thermal decomposition rate of cellulose fiber decreases. The phenomena of combustion transition from smoldering to flaming combustion are determined by the generating rate of combustible gas and the formation rate of combustible gas mixture within the zone of cellulose fiber heated.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2008

Multiple particle tracking microrheology is used to characterize the viscoelastic properties of biomaterial and synthetic polymer gels near the liquid-solid transition. Probe particles are dispersed in the gel precursors, and their dynamics are measured as a function of the extent of reaction during gel formation. We interpret the dynamics using the generalized Stokes-Einstein relationship (GSER), using a form of the GSER that emphasizes the relationship between the probe particle mean-squared displacement and the material creep compliance. We show that long-standing concepts in gel bulk rheology are applicable to microrheological data, including time-cure superposition to identify the gel point and critical scaling exponents, and the power-law behavior of incipient network's viscoelastic response. These experiments provide valuable insight into the rheology, structure, and kinetics of gelling materials, and are especially powerful for studying the weak incipient networks of dilute gelators, as well as scarce materials, due to the small sample size requirements and rapid data acquisition.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to improve the properties of epoxy resin using titanium oxide nanoparticles. The effects of particle weight fraction, dispersion agent, and curing agents with different molecular weights on the thermal and mechanical properties of titanium-oxide-reinforced epoxy resin were investigated. In addition, the effect of the particle dispersion condition on the mechanical properties of nanocomposites was studied. As a result, it was found that the glass transition temperature of film-shaped nanocomposites decreased with an in-crease in the nanoparticle content. Because nanoparticles interrupted the cross linkage between the epoxy resin and the amine curing agent, the cross-link density of the epoxy became lower and led to a decrease in $T_g$ in the nanocompo-sites. The tensile strength and modulus in film-shaped nanocomposites also increased with the particles content. But in the case of dog-bone-shaped nanocomposites, the values were not similar to the trend for the film-shaped nanocompo-sites. This was probably a result of the different nanoparticles dispersions in the epoxy resins resulting from the respective-thicknesses of the film and dog-bone-shaped samples.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.262-268
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• 1996

Flow properties of all suspensions are controlled by their flow units. The factors effecting on the flow units are the characteristics of the particle itself (surface properties, particle sizes, particle shapes and etc.), the electrostatic interactions among the particles and the influences of the medium in the suspensions. Here, we studied the transition between the flow units with shear rate which can be added to the above factors. For the concentrated starch-water suspensions, by using the Couette type rotational viscometer, we confirmed that at low shear rate, dilatancy is appeared, but it is transformed to thixotropy with increasing shear rate. In order to explain this fact, we derived the following flow equation, representing the transition from dilatancy to thixotropy with shear rate, by assuming the equilibrium between the flow units. f = X1β1s./α1 + 1/(1+Kexp(c0s.2/RT))((1-X1)/α2)sinh-1{(β2)0 s. exp(c2s.2/RT)} + K exp(c0s.2/RT)/(1+K exp(c0s.2/RT))((1-X1)/α3)sinh-1{(β3)0 s. exp(-c3s.2/RT)} By applying this flow equation to the experimental flow curves for the concentrated starch-water suspensions, the flow parameters were obtained. And, by substituting the obtained flow parameters to the flow equation, the theoretical flow curves were reproduced. Also, Ostwald curve was represented by applying the flow equation, and the applicability for stress relaxation was discussed.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2003년도 춘계총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.23-23
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• 2003

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.26-30
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• 1995

Sliding experiments have been conducted on alumina and silicon carbide ceramics. Wear and friction data of both materials indicate that wear proceeds in two distinct stages. The wear occurs by a relatively mild plastic-grooving process in the initial stage, but eventually gives way to a severe grain pull-out process after a defined period of sliding test. The datails of the transition mechanism are presented. The effects of grain size and second phase particle on the wear transition are also presented.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.169-173
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• 2004

$\alpha$-F $e_2$ $O_3$, 나노 입자를 균일한 크기로 제조하여 Morin 전이 온도( $T_{M}$)를 전 후로 스핀의 변화에 관하여 연구하였다. X-선 회절 분석과 입도분포 측정을 통하여 입자는 80nm정도의 매우 군일한 크기 분포를 하고 있음을 확인하였다. Mossbauer 분광기를 통하여 4.2K에서부터 실내온도까지 여러 온도 범위에 걸쳐 측정한 결과 입자의 크기에 따라 $T_{M}$온도가 변화되었고 스핀의 상태 역시 달라졌다. $T_{M}$은 $b_{ulk}$상태에서 265 K의 값을 가지고 있으나 입자의 크기가 작아질수록 낮아지고, 임계 크기 이하에서는 전이가 전혀 일어나지 않는다. 80nm크기의 입자에서, 스핀의 방향은 $T_{M}$ 이상의 온도에서는 정상적으로 hexagonal구조의 c축에 90$^{\circ}$ 이루고 있으나 $T_{M}$ 이하의 온도에서는 c 축에 나란하지 않고 일정한 각(28$^{\circ}$～29$^{\circ}$)을 유지하는데, 이 방향은 rhombohedral구조의 [110]에 해당하는 것으로 지금까지 알려진 0$^{\circ}$와 90$^{\circ}$사이의 스핀 전이와는 다른 모습을 보여주고 있다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1986

Wear simulation test have been conducted in mild, severe and transient wear regions by a four-ball wear tester. Wear particles are separatively deposited by the RPD technique, and quantitatively analysed in terms of wear particles size distribution. Characteristics of the wear particle size distribution are compare to the results of wear tests through both weibull parameters and center moment method of the weibull distribution function.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.1105-1117
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• 2023

In this study, the pressure drop behavior of single- and two-phase flows of air and water through the porous beds filled with uniform and non-uniform sized spherical particles was examined. The pressure drop data in the single-phase flow experiments for the uniform particle beds agreed well with the original Ergun correlation. The results from the two-phase flow experiments were analyzed using numerical results based on three types of previous models. In the experiments for the uniform particle beds, the data on the two-phase pressure drop clearly showed the effect of the flow regime transition with a variation in the gas flow rate under stagnant liquid condition. The numerical analyses indicated that the predictability of the previous models for the experimental data relied mainly on the sub-models of the flow regime transitions and interfacial drag. In the experiments for the non-uniform particle beds, the two-phase pressure loss could be predicted well with numerical calculations based on the effective particle diameter. However, the previous models failed to accurately predict the counter-current flooding limit observed in the experiments. Finally, we propose a relation of falling liquid velocity into the particle bed by gravity to appropriately simulate the CCFL phenomenon.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.787-795
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to synthesize transition metal doped mesoporous silica catalyst and to characterize its surface in an attempt to decomposition of $N_2O$. Transition metal used to surface modification were Ru, Pd, Cu and Fe concentration was adjusted to 0.05 M. The prepared mesoporous silica catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, BET surface area, BJH pore size, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray fluorescence. The results of XRD for mesoporous silica catalysts showed typical the hexagonal pore system. BET results showed the mesoporous silica catalysts to have a surface area of 537~973 $m^2/g$ and pore size of 2~4 nm. The well-dispersed particle of mesoporous silica catalysts were observed by SEM, the presence and quantity of transition metal loading to mesoporous surface were detected by XRF. The $N_2O$ decomposition efficiency on mesoporous silica catalysts were as follow: Ru>Pd>Cu>Fe. The results suggest that transition metal doped mesoporous silica is effective catalyst for decomposition of $N_2O$.