• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

본 연구는 포천에서 채취된 화강풍화토를 불산용액을 이용하여 인공적으로 풍화를 진행시켜서 풍화도 변화에 따른 화강풍화토의 입자파쇄 특성을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 조성광물 분석을 통한 풍화지수 결정 후, 입도분석, 표준다짐시험 및 변수위 투수시험을 실시하였다. 본 연구결과는 풍화가 진행되면서 전체입경분포에서 입자파쇄가 진행되었으며, 입경 $D_{10}$과 $D_{50}$에 대한 비표면적을 비교한 결과 입경 $D_{50}$ 이하의 작은 입경분포에서 입자파쇄가 활발하게 진행된 것으로 나타났다. 또한 다짐에 의한 입자파쇄 결과는 최적함수비 부근에서 입자파쇄가 최대치를 보였고 풍화가 진행됨에 따라서 비표면적 증분비가 감소하는 것으로 보아 풍화지수가 높을수록 입자파쇄에 둔감한 것으로 나타났다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.330-334
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• 2019

Cryogenic crushing techniques have been employed for recycling waste rubber articles and for extracting residual organic additives present in rubber samples. Rubber particulate derived from tire tread abrasion is one of the key components of road dust. Therefore, in this work, we prepared rubber particulates using a cryogenic crusher and characterized their shapes as well as size distributions according to the type of rubber. The rubber particulates exhibited uneven surfaces with the presence of some small pieces. The order of the particle size distribution was observed to be: NR > BR > SBR. Subsequently, carbon black was added; this led to a decrease in the particle size and the shape becoming rougher. The crushed particulates of the carbon black-filled samples comprised agglomerated shapes of small pieces, which were similar in shape to that of wear debris in tire tread. It was discovered that crosslink density was one of the principal factors that led to the formation of small crushed particulates. The small particulates obtained by cryogenic crushing can be utilized as model rubber particulates for researching micro dust.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.293-308
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• 2012

암반 절리면과 같이 입자와 연속체 평면의 접촉면에서의 전단거동은 전체 구조물의 거동을 지배할 수 있다. 암반설계의 효율을 높이기 위해서는 입자와 연속체 평면의 접촉면 전단거동 메커니즘에 대한 기초적인 이해와 접촉면 전단강도를 정확하게 산정하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 연속체 평면의 표면 거칠기의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 개별요소법 수치해석 프로그램인 $PFC^{2D}$를 사용하였다. 이 때 표면 거칠기는 매끄러운 평면, 중간 거칠기 평면, 거친 평면의 세 가지로 구분하였다. 접촉면 전단시험에서 입자 형상 및 입자 파쇄의 영향을 연구하기 위하여 one ball 모델과 clump 및 cluster 모델을 형성하여 상대적으로 비교 분석하였다. 이 때 입자의 형상은 원형, 삼각형, 직사각형, 정사각형으로 모델링하였다. 수치해석 결과, 표면 거칠기가 클수록 접촉면 전단강도 및 마찰각이 크게 나타났으며, 또한 간극률이 크게 증가하였다. 표면이 매끄러운 one ball 모델보다 작은 입자들의 결합으로 이루어져 표면이 굴곡진 모델, 즉 clump 모델의 접촉면 전단강도 및 마찰각이 크게 나타났다. 입자의 결합이 파괴되는 모델, 즉 cluster 모델의 접촉면 전단 강도 및 마찰각이 같은 형상의 clump 모델보다 작게 나타났으며, 파괴포락선은 비선형으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로부터 연속체 평면의 거칠기 및 입자의 형상이 입자와 평면의 접촉면 전단거동 특성에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.605-628
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• 2016

The energy absorption characteristics of diamond core sandwich cylindrical columns under axial crushing process depend greatly on the amount of material which participates in the plastic deformation. Both the single-objective and multi-objective optimizations are performed for columns under axial crushing load with core thickness and helix pitch of the honeycomb core as design variables. Models are optimized by multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm to achieve maximum specific energy absorption (SEA) capacity and minimum peak crushing force (PCF). Results show that optimization improves the energy absorption characteristics with constrained and unconstrained peak crashing load. Also, it is concluded that the aluminum tube has a better energy absorption capability rather than steel tube at a certain peak crushing force. The results justify that the interaction effects between the honeycomb and column walls greatly improve the energy absorption efficiency. A ranking technique for order preference (TOPSIS) is then used to sort the non-dominated solutions by the preference of decision makers. That is, a multi-criteria decision which consists of MOPSO and TOPSIS is presented to find out a compromise solution for decision makers. Furthermore, local and global sensitivity analyses are performed to assess the effect of design variable values on the SEA and PCF functions in design domain. Based on the sensitivity analysis results, it is concluded that for both models, the helix pitch of the honeycomb core has greater effect on the sensitivity of SEA, while, the core thickness has greater effect on the sensitivity of PCF.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.173-185
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• 2020

Calcareous soil is originated from marine biogenic sediments and weathering of carbonate rocks. The formation history for calcareous sediment includes complex physical, biological and chemical processes. It is preferably selected as the major fill materials for hydraulic reclamation and artificial island construction. Calcareous sands possess inter pores and complex shape are liable to be damaged at normal working stress level due to its fragile nature. Thus, the engineering properties of calcareous soil are greatly affected by its high compressibility and crushability. A series of triaxial shear tests were performed on calcareous sands derived from South China Sea under different test conditions. The effects of confining pressure, particle size, grading, compactness, drainage condition, and water content on the total amount of particle breakage for calcareous soil were symmetrically investigated. The test results showed that the crushing extent of calcareous sand with full gradation was smaller than that a single particle group under the same test condition. Large grains are cushioned by surrounding small particles and such micro-structure reduces the probability of breakage for well-graded sands. The increasing tendency of particle crushing for calcareous sand with a rise in confining pressure and compactness is confirmed. It is also evident that a rise in water content enhances the amount of particle breakage for calcareous sand. However, varying tendency of particle breakage with grain size is still controversial and requires further examination.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.1383-1390
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• 2009

This study conducted a series of drained triaxial test in order to determine the critical state parameters of a high compressible Jeju sand. Jeju sand is classified into mixed sand containing both siliceous and calcareous materials and has high extreme void ratios due to the angularity of grains and the intra-particle voids of hollow particles. It is observed that the behavior of Jeju sand is similar to that of general calcareous sand. The friction angle of Jeju sand at critical state gradually decreases with increasing the mean effective stress. Test result shows that the particle crushing resulted from stress during shear causes the reduction of void ratio at critical state.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.458-465
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 굴 패각을 원료(골재)로 활용하기 위한 물리적인 가공방법에 관한 것을 실험을 통해 검토하고자 하였다. 실험결과 굴 패각의 형상에 의해 분쇄된 굴 패각의 적정 입도는 10mm 보다 작아야 될 것으로 판단된다. 또한 가동시간과 회수율, 각 입도별 잔류율과 다양한 입도분포를 고려할 때 굴 패각의 분쇄에는 커터 밀이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 커터 밀의 경우, 8mm의 내부 스크린을 적용할 때, 회수율은 97.3% 12mm를 적용할 때, 98.2%, 20mm일 때, 98.9%로 나타나 스크린 사이즈가 커짐에 따라 회수율은 다소 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 커터 밀의 내부 스크린과 인버터의 속도 차이에 의한 실험결과 스크린의 크기가 작을수록, 인버터의 속도가 빠를수록 조립률은 낮아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 동일한 스크린에서 인버터 속도의 상승은 더욱 낮은 입도범위의 재료 회수가 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2018

To investigate the crushing behaviour of coarse granular materials, a specifically designed, large-scale simple shear apparatus with eight-staged shearing rings was developed. A series of monotonic simple shear tests were conducted on two kinds of coarse granular materials under different vertical stresses and large shear strains. The evolution of the particle breakage during the compression and simple shearing processes was investigated. The results show that the amount of particle breakage is related to the particle hardness and the state of the stresses. The amount of particle breakage is greater for softer granular materials and increases with increasing vertical stresses. Particle breakage may tend towards a critical value during both the compression and the shearing processes. Particle breakage mainly occurs during the processes of confined compression and contraction.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1996년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.39-50
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• 1996

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.2196-2204
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• 1996

The damage mechanism by the impact of steel ball on the soda-lime glass having a different surface roughness was investigated. An initiation and a propagation behavior of cracks formed by each impact velocity were quantitatively studied. A 4-point bending test was carried out to evaluate the remaining bending strength of a scratched soda-lime glass which impacted by the steel ball. As the surface roughness was increased, the shape of cracks became more irregular rather than those of the smooth specimens. The phenomenon of turning up in the wing of cone cracks occurred even at the lower velocity than the critical velocity caused the crushing. The threshold velocity of cracks initiation generally became lower than those of smooth specimen. An initiation and a propagation behavior of radial cracks had no relation with the direction of scratch on the surface. The remaning benidng strength of the scratched specimen according to impact velocity had no big difference compared with those of the smooth specimen.