• 아동학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2009

In the last thirty years, societal changes have affected Korean families at a fast pace. Some of these changes include the fall of childbirth rate, expansion of women in the workforce, delay of first marriages, and rise of divorces, remarriages, and international marriages. These new trends have created and diversified new contexts for family structures and parent-child relationships. Both parents and children are now confronted with a myriad of new challenges and in need of understanding the newly transformed-family environments in respond to new ecological pressures. Contemporary issues concerning parent-child relationships are discussed by analyzing the new trends and research issues on particular social issues and pressures. Future policy issues are discussed based on these analyses combined with the critical impact of the parent-child relationships on child development.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2024

본 논문은 부모-자식 구조를 통해 계층적 NFT(Non-Fungible Token)를 발행하는 새로운 방법을 제시한다. 기존 NFT 구조와 달리 우리가 제안한 모델은 NFT가 부모 NFT 역할을 하여 자식 NFT를 생성하고 이들 사이에 소유권 지분을 분배할 수 있도록 한다. 자식 NFT는 재귀적으로 구조화되어 자체 자손을 생성할 수 있다. NFT의 기존 구조는 본질적으로 부분 소유권을 허용하지 않는다. 그러나 우리가 제안한 계층적 모델은 이러한 제한에 대한 실행 가능한 솔루션을 제공한다. NFT를 각각 고유한 ID를 가진 여러 자식 NFT로 분할함으로써 자산의 분할을 용이하게 하여 부분 소유권을 가능하게 한다. 결론적으로, 본 논문에서 제안된 계층적 NFT 모델은 디지털 자산 분야에서 부분 소유권 문제에 대한 솔루션을 제공한다. 부모-자식 구조를 통해 NFT의 세부적인 분할을 가능하게 함으로써 디지털 자산을 보다 유연하고 투명하게 소유하고 거래할 수 있는 미래를 기대한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.462-473
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• 2021

중국의 사회 발전에 따른 가족 구조의 변화와 가족 소득의 증가로 자녀 동반 가족여행은 점차 관광소비 분야의 각광받는 새로운 트렌드가 되고 있다. 관광마케터들에게 자녀를 동반한 가족여행자들의 요구와 동기를 이해하는 것이 중요한 과제로 떠오르고 있다. 본 연구는 농장으로 여행하는 자녀 동반 가족관광객 290명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 자녀 동반 가족 여행자의 Push-pull 동기를 분석하고 Push-pull 동기와 경험, 행동의도 사이의 영향 관계를 검증하였다. 이 연구의 분석결과는 다음과 같이 나타났다. 13개의 push 동기 항목에 대한 요인 분석에서 '어린이 & 가족', '도피 & 휴식', '사회화'의 3개 push 동기 요인을 도출하였으며, 11개의 pull 동기 요인을 분석하여 '시설 & 안전', '테마추구 활동', '환경'의 3개의 pull 동기 요인을 도출하였다. 하위 가설 검증을 통해, 자녀 동반 가족여행자의 Push-pull 동기가 참석 경험(4E)에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 결과를 도출하였다. '에스테틱스 체험'은 자녀 동반 가족자의 행동 의도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고, '교육 경험'과 '엔터테인먼트 경험'도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.111-131
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• 2018

Objectives: This study examined the effects of residential proximity to adult children on the mental and physical health of middle-aged and older parents. The study also evaluated whether the parental age and gender of the adult child in closest proximity to the parent might moderate the association. Method: Data were drawn from five waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging(2006-2014). The analytic sample consisted of 7,359 parents aged 45 or older who had at least one non-coresidential adult child aged 19 or older. The analyses were conducted by estimating a series of fixed effects models while adjusting for the nested structure of the data. Results: The results showed that first, a closer distance between an adult child and the parent was generally associated with the parent experiencing a decrease in depressive symptoms. Yet, the mental health benefit was smaller for parents aged 65 years or older whose closest living adult child was a son. Second, a closer distance was observed to affect chronic illness only among middle-aged parents (aged 45 to 64). When the closest living adult child was a daughter, the middle-aged parent experienced deterioration in their chronic illness. On the other hand, the opposite pattern was observed when the closest living adult child was a son. Conclusions: The parental age and gender of the adult child in closest proximity to the parent might have varying effects on parents' health. A closer distance between an adult child and their parent has a positive impact on the mental health of the parent as a whole, whereas the effect of living closer was mixed in relation to the parental physical health.

• 아동학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.130-145
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate parental authority by sex and age of child. The subjects of this study were 546 elementary school and middle school children in Seoul. The instrument was the Parent Authority Scale (김경희, 1991). Statistical analysis of the data was by two-way multivaliate analysis of variance, simultaneous confidence interval and structure coefficients. There were sex and age differences in children's perception of parental authority. There was a significant interaction effect between children's sex and age on parental authority.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2007

Purpose: To investigate the health status such as growth, nutrition, disease, vaccination in child day care centers. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 280 children at 6 day care centers in Seoul. Parent completed a structured questionnaire and illness-logs from day-care staff were gathered for a month, June 2006. Body weight, height were measured and BMI was calculated. Results: Failure of growth was found in 2.2% of the children. Also there was 5.4% of the children who were under 5% and 8.6% were above 95% on BMI chart. For 4.3% of the children diseases were asthma, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis and so on. About six percent of the children missed vaccination such as Japanese encephalitis, DTaP and polio. Incidence rates of respiratory infection was 1.45 and gastroenteritis was .28. As a result, 22.5 % of the day care children had these kinds of health rick factors stated above and results showed statistical difference between health-groups and health-risk groups in age, duration of day care center, family structure, marital status of parent. Conclusion: A considerable number of the children at child daycare centers had the health risk factors. These results shows there is a need to develop and make provisions for health service programs by health experts in child day care centers.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of preservice teachers toward children from single parent families. 218 preservice teachers (209 female and 9 male) who were enrolled in the department of early childhood education and child care & education were participated in this study. A questionnaire was developed based on the questionnaire developed by Song, Sung, & Han (2003). Data were analyzed by using SPSS 11.5. The results were followed. First, preservice teachers' personal experiences of single parent families did not influence their perception of children from single-parent family. Second, preservice teachers who strongly held the view of keeping traditional family structure showed negative expectations of children's school adjustment. Third, preservice teachers reported the importance to help the children adjustment at school as well as to deal with their personal and family problem. The results presented that there was an increasing need in teacher education, to develop curriculum for preservice teachers to have balanced views or reduce their biased perception against diverse family structure and children from single parent families.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.25-50
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• 2017

Recently, concern about family safety is rising again as an important issue with the context of family healthiness and well-being in Korean society despite of the dramatic economic growth. The purpose of this study is to examine the status of family safety of singles and single-parent households and to investigate the effect of social capital on the level of their family safety. Data are from the 10th wave of Korea Welfare Panel Study analysing one-person households(N=2,017) and single-parent households(N=172). One-person households were categorized as three groups by age(the youths/middle-aged/the elderly) and single-parent households were also three by family types(mother-child/fahter-child/grandparent-child). The major results were as follows: First, the mean of family safety index was highest among middle-aged, while single youths had the fewest problems in terms of family safety. Second, social capital was found to vary by family structure. In the one-person households, all the levels of the social capital variables, including trust, bond, acceptance, and participation, differed significantly; only two variables, bond and embracement, differed in the single-parent households. Third, social capital differed between the low-income households and others significantly. Forth, the positive effects of social capital on overcoming family safety problems were investigated. In conclusion, social capital represents an alternative resource for overcoming economic hardship for low-income one-person/single-parent households, especially for middle-aged singles and father-child single-parent households. Based on these empirical results, theoretical implications were discussed with regard to family policy and programs.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2006

This study examined factors related to the motivation for the uses of cellular phones and the relationship between motivation for cellular phone use and parent-child communication among middle school students. A total of 223 questionnaires were submitted and analyzed. The characteristics of motive structure of the middle school students were found as recreation, time management, information-seeking, reassurance and fashion/showing off. Among those motivations, these middle school students examined here were found to use cellular phones in similar ways to how conventional telephone is used such as work/instrumental reasons and socializing/entertaining. The motivations showed a significant association with the level of parent-child communication. Information-seeking and time management motivation were positively related with an open communication level while fashion/showing off and recreation were negatively related with an open communication level.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제1권
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• pp.75-87
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• 1998

These days social and economical changes have influence on the structure of family and the role of family members. Working mothers and widowers with children are increasing because of economical difficulties. Support from relatives are decreasing because of the conspicuous trend toward nuclear families. According to these reasons androgynous fathers are required. Today's fathers in Korea socially and culturally have learned about traditional parenting, but they are changing their fathering styles to meet the demands of the times. However they don't have their own fathering models. Therefore nurses who hold an advantageous position to teach and support from clinic have to encourage them to care their infants. The purposes of this study were to define father's care giving in infancy, understand influencing factors on fathering, and the differences between fathering and mothering, then contribute to nursing implementation for supporting fathers. This study was designed to review references about father's care giving. The results were follows: Six aspects of parent participation were direct care. indirect care, play, decision-making concerning the child, amount of time of sole responsibility for the child and overall availability to the child. Direct care involved feeding, bathing, going to child if child awakens. dressing, putting child to bed, taking child to doctor, nurse, or dentist, transporting child to and from sitter, day care, or school, washing child's hair. Indirect care involved cleaning up after child, preparing child's food, fixing child's broken playthings, washing child's clothes, arranging baby-sitting, shopping for child's toys and clothes, transporting baby-sitter to and from your home. Young fathers were gradually participating in direct care like feeding, taking child to doctor. Father's care giving stimulated mothering and promoted parent-infant relationship. Influencing factors of fathering would be divided into father characteristics, surrounding factors, infant attributes. Father characteristics were age, role perception, relationship with parent. Surrounding factors were the opportunity of early contact, support system, spouse's expectation, marital adjustment, feeding type, past experience of care giving. Infant attributes were temperament, behavior, age, sex. The differences between fathering and mothering were reviewed. Fathers were poor at care giving. but their caring was similar to mother's. This subtle difference positively worked upon infant's growth and development. On the basis of these theoretical data, nurses can empower fathers to cooperate with mothers in caring infants.