• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.68-69
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• 2000

A case of primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma is presented. A 14 year-old male was admitted to the hospital comptaining of voiding difficulty. The intravenous pyelogram demonstrated a stone in the proximal one third of the left ureter and marked hydronephrosis of the left kidney. The Tc-99m sestamibi nuclear scan demonstrated a hot spot below the lower pole of the left lobe of the thyroid. Laboratory study demonstrated hypercalcemia (12.4 mg/dL) and elevated parathyroid hormone (143.67 pg/mL). A parathyroid gland located below the lower pole of the left lobe of the thyroid was excised. A parathyroid adenoma, consisting of mainly chief cells was found on pathologic examination. Postoperatively the patient had transient hypocalcemic symptoms, which resolved with administration of calcium preparation and vitamin D.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2014

Plasma ionized calcium ($Ca^{2+}$) concentrations are tightly regulated in the body and maintained within a narrow range; thus it is challenging to quantify calcium absorption under normal physiologic conditions. This study aimed to develop a mechanistic model for the parathyroid hormone (PTH) response after calcium intake and indirectly compare the difference in oral calcium absorption from PTH responses. PTH and $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations were collected from 24 subjects from a clinical trial performed to evaluate the safety and calcium absorption of Geumjin Thermal Water in comparison with calcium carbonate tablets in healthy subjects. Indirect response models (NONMEM Ver. 7.2.0) were fitted to observed $Ca^{2+}$ and PTH data, respectively, in a manner that absorbed but unobserved $Ca^{2+}$ inhibits the secretion of PTH. Without notable changes in $Ca^{2+}$ levels, PTH responses were modeled and used as a marker for the extent of calcium absorption.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.191-194
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• 2016

Hypercalcemia of malignancy due to metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma is extremely rare; in fact, to the best of our knowledge, only three case reports of hypercalcemia associated with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma have been published in the literature to date. Herein, we report a rare case involving a 61-year-old African-American female who had hypercalcemia at initial presentation and who was later diagnosed with poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with extensive liver metastases, without bone involvement. She was found to have elevated parathyroid hormone-related peptide and normal parathyroid hormone levels. Despite aggressive treatment, she died within a few months of diagnosis.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제8권3_4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2001

Intramolecular excimer formation of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) and fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) were used to investigate the effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the bulk bilayer fluidity of the plasma membrane vesicles isolated from cultured osteoblasts (OB-PMV). In a dose-dependent manner, rat PTH-(1-34) [rPTH-(1-34)] increased the excimer to monomer fluorescence intensity ratio (I'/I) of Py-3-Py and decreased the anisotropy (r) of DPH in OB-PMV. This indicates that PTH increased both the lateral and rotational diffusion of the probes in OB-PMY. Selective quenching of DPH fluorescence by trinitrophenyl groups was utilized to examine the transbilayer fluidity asymmetry of OB-PMV. The anisotropy, limiting anisotropy, and order parameter of DPH in the inner monolayer were 0.024, 0.032, and 0.062 greater than calculated for the outer monolayer of OB-PMY. Selective quenching of DPH fluorescence by trinitrophenyl groups was also utilized to examine the transbilayer effects of PTH on the fluidity of OB-PMV. rPTH-(1-34) had a greater fluidizing effect on the outer monolayer as compared to the inner monolayer of OB-PMV. Thus, it has been proven that PTH exhibits a selective rather than nonselective fluidizing effect within transbilayer domains of OB-PMV.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.679-682
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• 1999

When the human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) is expressed as a secretory product in S. cerevisiae, most of the secreted hPTH is internally cleaved by endoproteolytic processing. To investigate whether the yeast endoproteases such as Kex2p, Yap3p, and Mkc7p are involved in the endoproteolytic processing of hPTH in S. cerevisiae, hPTH was expressed in S. cerevisiae mutants deficient in one or two of the following well-known endoproteases such as Kex2p, Mkc7p, and Yap3p. Among these mutants, the yap3-disrupted(yap3$\Delta$) and yap3/mkc7-disrupted (yap3Δmkc7$\Delta$) yeasts showed a significant reduction in the extent of hPTH proteolysis. In contrast, the mkc7-disrupted (mkc7$\Delta$) yeast did not reduce the proteolysis of hPTH as compared to the wild type. This suggests that Mkc7p is not involved in the endoproteolytic processing of hPTH. It was also found that the kex2-disrupted (kex2$\Delta$) mutant was not able to secrete a detectable amount of hPTH.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 1998

General pharmacological properties of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) were examined. The administration of hPTH (7, 35 and 175 lU/kg sc) in mice had no effects in general behavior and central nervous system, and no influences on normal body temperature, writhing syndromes induced by 0.7% acetic acid solution and chemoshock produced by strychnine and pentetrazol solution. hPTH (9 and 44 lU/kg, sc) given to anesthetized rabbits showed no effect on blood pressure of carotid artery and respiration, and it did not influence the responses produced by injection of acetylcholine or epinephrine. It showed no direct effect at 4.4$\times$10$_{-2}$IU/ml in isolated stomach fundus and uterus of rats and ileum of guinea-pig, and it also showed no inhibition of contraction produced by acetylcholine, oxytocin, serotonin and histamine in the above-mentioned preparations. It did not influence intestinal propulsion at the doses of 7,35 and 175 lU/kg sc in mice. This drug exhibited no effect on urinary excretion at the doses of 7 and 35 lU/kg sc in rats. However, at a dose of 175 lU/kg sc, it showed a decreased urination along with decreased excretion of potassium, sodium and chloride ion. These results indicate that hPTH does not exert any of serious pharmacological effects except the inhibition of urination at a highest dose used.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.182-191
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the orthodontic tooth movement after weekly parathyroid hormone (PTH) injection in mongrel dogs and analyzes bone formation activity on the tension and pressure sides of the tooth movement in mongrel dogs. Materials and Methods: Three mongrel dogs were used in this study. The first premolar was extracted and orthodontic force using 150 g of closed coil springs between the canine and second premolar was applied. The low-dose PTH group (PTH_1) and high-dose PTH group (PTH_2) received weekly injections of 1.61 ㎍/kg and 3.23 ㎍/kg of PTH, respectively. The control group received weekly injections of 1 ml of saline. Clinical, histomorphometric analysis were carried out. Result: The orthodontic tooth movement was greatest in the PTH_2 group and the lowest in the control group. Fluorescence staining images showed higher bone remodeling on the tension side of the tooth movement in the PTH_1 and PTH_2 groups. PTH_2 group showed a thicker labeling band than the PTH_1 group. PTH_2 group showed the highest mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate, followed by the PTH_1 group and the control group. Conclusion: Weekly intermittent PTH injection, especially in the short-term and at higher doses with orthodontic force, successfully increased orthodontic tooth movement and bone remodeling in mongrel dogs.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2010

Background and Objectives : Parathyroid adenoma is a rare disease in Korea, but the incidence of parathyroid adenoma has gradually increased due to generalized measurement of serum calcium and imaging study according to wide spread public health screening program. In previous researches, the analysis of clinical aspects were insufficient due to a few cases. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical analysis of surgically treated parathyroid adenoma with hyperparathyroidism. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of nineteen cases of parathyroid adenoma with hyperparathyroidism. Initial symptom to visit hospital, hypercalcemia associated medical symptom, surgical outcome and complication were investigated. Serum total calcium, parathyroid hormone, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase were checked before and after surgery. Imaging study was performed with combination of radionuclide parathyroid scan, ultrasonography and neck CT scan. Results : The initial symptoms were no symptom(6/19), pelvic pain(5/19), muscular weakness (3/19), bone pain(3/19) and palpable neck mass(2/19) in order of frequency. Serum total calcium, parathyroid hormone decreased and phosphate increased after surgery than before surgery statistically significantly. Sensitivities of parathyroid scan, neck ultrasonography and neck CT as preoperative localization test were 88.2%, 72.7%, 73.3% each. The most common postoperative complication was transient hypocalcemia(9/19). Conclusion : Similar to previous study, parathyroid adenomas have numerous clinical features and surgical treatment via unilateral approach with preoperatively localized single parathyroid adenoma was successful. In our study, parathyroid adenoma was predominantly detected by elevated serum calcium level with no clinical symptom so we need to evaluate parathyroid adenoma, if serum calcium elevated.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제85권2호
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• pp.327-344
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• 2024

부갑상선은 부갑상선 호르몬(parathyroid hormone; 이하 PTH)을 생성하여 칼슘 대사를 조절하는 작은 내분비선으로 구성되어 있다. 일반적으로 갑상선 뒤에 4개의 부갑상선이 위치해 있으나 개수 또는 위치는 개인차가 있으며 4개보다 많거나 적은 경우들이 있다. 부갑상선 질환은 부갑상선 기능 장애와 관련이 있으며, 부갑상선 자체의 문제 또는 신장질환으로 인한 비정상적인 혈청 칼슘 수치로 인해 발생할 수 있다. 최근 건강검진이 보편화되면서 우연히 비정상적으로 높은 혈청 칼슘 값이 발견되어 PTH 검사, 초음파, 테크네튬-99m 세스타 미비 부갑상선 스캔, 단일광자방출단층촬영/컴퓨터단층촬영(SPECT/CT), 4차원 컴퓨터단층촬영(4D-CT), 그리고 양전자방출단층촬영/컴퓨터단층촬영(PET/CT) 등의 추가적인 검사가 시행된다. 그러나 부갑상선은 여전히 영상의학과 의사에게 익숙하지 않은 기관이다. 이 종설에서 부갑상선의 해부학, 병태생리, 영상 및 임상 소견에 대해 알아보고자 한다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Amydae Carapax (AC) on parameter related to bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Methods : We measured alkaline phosphatase activity and contents of estrogen, calcium, hydroxyproline, osteocalcin, calcitonin and parathyroid hormone after the ovariectomized rats were treated with AC for 30 days. Results : Serum estrogen, calcium and calcitonin contents in ovariectomized rats significantly decreased, but increased after AC treatment. [Significant increase of serum alkaline phosphatase activity, parathyroid hormone activity and osteocalcin content in ovariectomized rats was remarkably decreased by AC treatment. Increase of urinary calcium and hydroxyproline content in ovariectomized rats was decreased by AC treatment.] Conclusions : These results shows that AC has the ability to counteract abnormal calcium metabolic processes due to sex hormone inequality, promoting bone absorption and inhibiting bone formation.