• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.564-579
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• 2022

The use of on-premises technology in the business environment to create a competitive advantage is ushering in a new era known as digital transformation. As the foundation of digital transformation of enterprises, information technology still has a paradoxical effect on enterprises. This paper documents the effect of investments in IT on a firm's long-term profitability performance measures as return on assets (ROA), as well as tests whether the earlier entrant and the later entrant are different in IT investment performance. Using a sample of China's public firms IT investment data between 2016 and 2019, the result indicates that IT investment in firms have a positive effect on firm performance in full sample, but not in the financial industry firms. When it comes to the different investment time, the result shows no significant difference between the earlier entrant firm and the later entrant firm in the full sample, but not in the case of software industry sample. This should help alleviate the concerns that some have expressed about the viability of digital transformation given the highly publicized IT investment and implementation problems at some firms.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2023

Empty nose syndrome is an uncommon complication of turbinoplasty and other nasal operations. It presents with various manifestations, with the most common symptom being paradoxical nasal obstruction. Here, we report the case of a 67-year-old male patient diagnosed with empty nose syndrome 20 years after turbinoplasty. Autologous auricular conchal cartilage was harvested and implanted into the lateral wall of the inferior turbinate to reduce nasal volume. The patient experienced significant relief from subjective nasal obstruction symptoms immediately after surgery. Over a 23-month follow-up period, no side effects or symptom recurrence was reported.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.295-298
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• 2005

전방경추융합술을 시행한 후 역설상기도폐쇄와 중추성 무호흡이 발생하였던 증례를 경험하여 이를 보고하고자 한다. 환자는 48세 남자로 본원으로 전원되기 9개월 전에 5번과 6번 경추사이의 추간판탈출증으로 수술을 시행받았으며, 내원 2개월 전에는 가성관절증이 발생하여 자가골이식과 함께 전방접근법으로 5번과 6번 경추의 경추융합술을 시행받았다. 이 수술을 시행 후 환자는 코골이와 과도한 주간 졸음증, 불면증 등의 증세가 생겼으며 호흡시에 상기도부위에서 이상한 소리가 발생하였다. 코인두경 및 자기공명영상으로 호기시 코인두부위의 역설적 협착소견을 관찰할 수 있었고, 철야 수면다원검사에서 무호흡지수는 8.7/시간 (중추성 무호흡, 7.0/시간; 폐쇄성 무호흡, 1.7/시간)이었다. 경비적 지속성 기도양압치료를 시작하였으나 환자가 압력을 못견뎌하여 레이저목젖입천장성형술을 시행하였다. 수술 2개월 경과 후 무호흡과 더불어 임상증세는 현격히 호전되었다. 저자들은 이러한 역설상기도폐쇄가 비록 그 기전이 명확하지는 않지만 전방경추융합술과 관련되어 있다고 추정한다. 또한 이러한 상기도 폐쇄가 중추성 수면 무호흡을 유발할 수 있다는 것을 보여주는 증례라고 생각한다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.165-175
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• 2023

벤처창업 연구에서 기업가적 리더십은 구성원의 혁신행동 및 성과를 증진시킬 수 있는 핵심 고리로 그 중요성을 인정받고 있다. 선행연구에서 기업가적 리더십은 구성원의 혁신행동을 향상시키는 요인으로 고려되고 있지만 아직까지 구성원의 개별 성향과 복합적으로 고려했을 때 기업가적 리더십이 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해서는 연구가 부족한 편이다. 본 연구는 구성원의 조절 초점 성향을 토대로 기업가적 리더십이 구성원의 성향에 따라 자기효능감과 혁신행동에 각기 다른 영향을 미칠 것으로 가정, 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구는 변수 간 인과관계 검정을 위해 중소벤처기업에 재직 중인 구성원을 대상으로 점화 기법 기반 실험연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구는 실험 참가자를 2(기업가적 리더십 점화 집단 vs. 통제 집단)×2(조절 초점: 성장 초점 집단 vs. 예방 초점 집단), 네 가지 집단에 각각 무작위로 배분하였다. 연구결과, 기업가적 리더십은 성장 초점의 구성원들이 지닌 자기효능감과 혁신행동에는 긍정적인 영향을 발휘하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 기업가적 리더십은 예방 초점 성향 구성원들의 자기효능감과 혁신행동에는 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있었다. 실험연구 결과, 기업가적 리더십과 조절 초점 성향의 상호작용이 자기효능감을 토대로 혁신행동에 양면적인 효과를 발휘한다는 점을 확인할 수 있었으며 성장 초점 성향의 사람들이 예방 초점 성향의 사람들보다 리더가 기업가적 리더십을 발휘할 때 훨씬 더 혁신행동을 발휘할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 기업가적 리더십이 구성원에게 미치는 양면적 효과는 자기효능감에 의해 매개되고 있다는 점도 연구를 통해 입증하였다. 본 연구는 리더의 기업가적 리더십이 구성원의 혁신행동을 어떻게 높일 수 있는지에 대한 단초를 제공하였다. 또한, 본 연구는 기업가적 리더십과 조절 초점 성향, 혁신이론에 중요한 학문적 기여도를 제공하였으며 실무적 관점에서도 벤처기업 및 스타트업에서 구성원의 혁신행동을 촉진할 수 있는 조직운영 프로세스에 관한 의미 있는 기여도를 제공하였다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권6호
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• pp.7-22
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• 2002

Animation constitutes the core of the media industry, which in turn lies at the center of the cultural industry. It is considered one of the industries where South Korea has the competitive edge over other countries. With the pool of customers getting wider, the genre of animation has become more and more diverse, forming a great market for it. Aware of this trend, this study focused on animation as a part of the pop culture, and on providing corresponding various viewpoints for future cultural studies. This researcher measured the practicality and persuasiveness of this study through Shreck, a three-dimensional C.G. animation which is acclaimed for its success in dismantling the old grammar of animation movies that represent the anti-Disney ideas. This researcher felt it imperative to heed the unique language of Shreck, which contains discourses on various cultural ideologies such as paradoxical structure that pits entertainment that is shown through dismantling of the canon, feminism and antifeminism against each other. This study analyzed the entertaining element of the animation genre by means of the Semiotics of Keith Moxey, thereby attempting to establish a legitimate social status of the genre, whose artfulness has been depreciated in the art society. In chapter II, this researcher examines the chronological development of three-dimensional C.G. animation that has shown a rapid advancement. Chapter III defines the cultural ideology of Shreck by exploring basic theories and texts employed in analysis of art works. This study started with the assumption that defines, from the viewpoint of symbology, the animation text as an aggregate of discourses on entertainment, and competitive and paradoxical ideologies. Then, this researcher analyzed the text and the generation process of meanings in Shreck. Consequently, this study has come to the following conclusions: First, Shreck induces changes of concepts about the canon by means of distorting and reversing the existing animation movies, which seems to reflect in the contemporary tendency of seeking new interpretations of entertainment. Second, Shreck shows up the cognitive changes of our age as to feminism by competing feminism against antifeminism. Although Shreck serves as a venue of competition between the two opposing ideas, it stops short of brushing off women as outsiders in society. Rather, it represents the resistance to the male chauvinism existing in the structures of animation and culture. As shown in the text analysis, Shreck presents an advent of a new ideology critical of the previous animation films. In addition, it reflects in the struggle between the pro-feminism on the part of the viewers and the anti-feminism that lies in the social and culture structure. This study, however, is limited in its scope and selection of subject. First, although this researcher has stressed the importance of understanding the animation as part of the pop culture and conducting researches within the historic paradigm, this study fails to provide an in-depth insight in the impacts that the changes in the C.G. industry and the systematic conditions may have on the three-dimensional C.G. animation genre. Furthermore, this study runs the risk of being understood as pro-American due to its selection of Shreck as its research subject.

• 한국보건간호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국보건간호학회 2002년도 제27회 보건종합학술대회
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• pp.224-227
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• 2002

Alcoholism affects not only the individuals who depend on it, but also their families. Children who have an alcohol dependent parent have various problems and need help, but little attention has been given to them. Many references report only negative characteristics of these children. In order to help the children of alcohol dependent parents, health professionals need more information. A wholistic understanding and analysis of these children is needed as a basis for the development of suitable programs of help them. A phenomenological methodology was used to identify the experience of children whose fathers were addicted to alcohol. The findings portray the essence of the lived experience of children of alcohol dependent fathers. Nine adolescents participated in in-depth inverviews and observation with the researcher, done between October and December 2001. The data were recorded on audio tape and transcribed. Sampling was continued until the data were theorectically saturated. The Colaizzi's method was used for data analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Three themes and twenty six meanings were identified. The first theme is Living Alone: living abusively as partner to an alcohol dependent father, living dangerously like an explosive fury, living as an object that ha no self, living with rejection of fatherly being, living with felt responsibility but having no power to help mother who suffers patiently with pain and abuse, living along with no shoulder to lean on, and living with the prejudice of sex discrimination. The second theme is Paradoxical Coping in Life. The meanings are obsessive behavior as a way to control father's behavior, always on the defensive due to anxiety and tension, being afraid of life alone due to paranoid thoughts, contradictory expectation about father's drinking behavior due to life with chronic tension, stress becoming familiar and life being boring and tendious without stimulation, life that is fake and filled with misinterpretations about reality, affection sought from others due to loneliness, compensatory life within peer group, negative expectation about the future due to negative experiences, controling others to protect ego, denial of real emotion to protect self from hurt, life of regretting self, and strong need for approval from others. The third theme is sustaining life. The meanings are ambivalence between revenge on father and pity, struggle for desirable self against fear of gather-like image, understanding father through self reflection, hope to find fatherly being through father's recovery, being able to stand through emotional control and cognitive restructuring, nurturing the seed of hope for the future while in a situation of desperation. The contribution of this study is to give a wholistic understanding of the empirical reality of children of alcohol dependent parents and to develop substantive theory in nursing knowledge. In nursing practice, the results of this study can provide a foundation for the development of programs for children of alcohol dependent parents.

• 영미문화
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.73-97
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• 2010

Representation of destitution may be considered as an expression of a social desire toward forging a bond or solidarity with the impoverished. However, political and ethical demands of the solidarity force the formulaic framework structuring the form of representation to its limits. The thesis aims to examine the responses to such demands within the tradition of modernist literature that can be traced from Charles Baudelaire, Knut Hamsun to Franz Kafka and that somehow culminates with Samuel Beckett, and to analyze how the issue of destitution that weaves through Beckett's works criticizes and inherits such a heritage. Whereas destitution in 19th century Realism is structurally fixed and its potential for change is inherently excluded, for these writers, destitution is no longer the state of rigid reality in which any possibility is limited. It is destitution as an imperative that calls for exploitation of possibilities that can be recuperated from the impoverished condition of destitution. What these writers consistently resist against is destitution that leads to compensation and reward. Since occupying a superior position toward the other as the subject of description or sympathy can be seen as one form of profit or reward, they have persistently pursued absolute solitariness and austere conditions rather than prematurely simulating a sense of solidarity and community. The ultimate goal of destitution as an imperative is to pursue destitution in order to worsen it by identifying and then excluding and expending possessions and assets to a state of penury. This is a paradoxical process that opens up the realm of possibilities of destitution and redefines it as abundance and wealth. Destitution for Beckett as seen in the writers above is the objective of literature. But, what he focuses on is to amplify the shreds of economic world that still remain in a state of poverty and to reveal extreme poverty as a state of odd affluence and to transform it into a pursuit of accumulation and profit. One of his famous axioms, "less is more", contains the essence of such a paradoxical strategy. In a sense, such approach is a twist on the strategy that identifies and uses any remaining potential hidden in destitution as was pursued by other writers. It also expands on the imagination of the destitute described by Hamsun. But Hamsun and Beckett are diametrical opposites. Unlike Hamsun, Beckett does not link imagination with a sense of guilt. Imagination is not intended to overcome the destitute reality nor to culminate in artistic martyrdom as in the case of Kafka's hunger artist. The imagination of the impoverished in Beckett is simply a hilarious game and not an escape that ends in a sense of guilt. This game formulates a "rhetorical question" or derision at the ironical situation where the pursuit of hunger and art as the disinterestedness has been turned into symbolic capital. It is inherently a fundamental critique at the aestheticization of destitution that has been pursued by Modernism. Beckett's efforts at divulging falsehood inherent in non-profit acts such as charity, donation and hospitality are dissections of social fictions in which aestheticization of destitution remains a part of the whole.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.13-29
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• 2012

Art works reflect the spirit and aesthetic information of the times. More specially clothing shown in paintings indicates the phases of the times and contains the aesthetic values of the era. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of German Romantic Era on male and female clothing style represented in Caspar David Friedrich's paintings. The study aims to highlight the following: First, German romanticism ironically gives conceptual importance but high value to freedom of inner self and imaginative sensitivity of human beings. Second, the paintings of Friedrich show the consistency with nature through human beings' inner self and transcendency ultimately expressing religious ideals paradoxically. Third, the characteristics of male and female clothing style shown in Friedrich's paintings are considered religious, contemplative, paradoxical, transcendental, conceptual, political, grass-roots oriented, and female liberating. Female clothing reflects simple empire-style, while male clothing shows romantic style of people's leaders, reflecting the political features in those days.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제16호
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• pp.139-174
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• 2013

Pliny the Elder said that multiple cultures agree that the painting began as a shadow trace. A daughter of Butades, the potter in Corinth, traced an outline around a man's shadow, and it was the very beginning of painting. In this anecdote, the profile, i. e. the portrait substitutes body of the absent lover. It makes the absent body present and replaces his place. In this context Hans Belting put the anthropological value to this visual practice. Human being made images to cope actively with the shock of death and the disappearing of body. With the aid of the representation of the bodily presence, the image struggles to resist the death. This paper is a study on the critical meaning of representation in the context of bodily survival by image. The representation is the paradoxical trick of consciousness, an ability to see something as 'there' and 'not there' at the same time. So the connection between image and the body would be suspicious. Although this relation was tight in the ancient shadow painting and the medieval effigies, the modern visual practice forsakes this connection and exposes the trick of representation. It insists that image was not real and even expels the medieval visual practice from the boundary of fine arts. The genealogy of the portraiture is formed by two different visual practices. The belief and the disbelief in the image are observed in the process of representation and anti-representation, and this ambivalence transforms the ontological meaning of portrait in the visual representation.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.137-139
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• 2002

Background : Subtle status epilepticus (SE) is an end-stage of convulsive SE. This phenomenon might be a clinical expression of neuronal exhaustion caused by sustained electrical discharges. As subtle SE may show diverse clinical features, early detection depends on clinical suspicion. Case : A 68-year-old woman was presented with repetitive involuntary movement of right limbs after two generalized tonic-clonic seizures. She experienced right middle cerebral artery infarction 4 months ago, and after the event, left side hemiplegia sustained. These seizures were first-ever after the cerebral infarction. Orientation and verbal responses were fairly preserved but general cognitive function was minimally slowed. During the video-EEG monitoring, repetitive sharp waves were noted in the right hemisphere and these sharp waves occasionally spread to the contralateral side. Her right side involuntary movement was identifiable when the epileptic discharges were found on her right hemisphere. Conclusion : We suggested that this unexpected convulsive movement is a reflection of earlier exhaustion in the right hemisphere or deefferentation of right hemisphere because of preexisting neuronal damage.