• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.74-81
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• 1993

This experiment was carried out to investigate the reaction of hydration of paper sludge during the setting of portland cement in a paper sludge, wood-cement-water mixturte. The percentage of paper sludge per cement is 7.5%, 15%, 30% respectively. The result indicated that the sludge of 7.5% had the most effect on reaction of hydration, and the sludge of 15% had moderately inhibitory effect but there is still possibility to make sludge-cement board. Paper sludge of 30%, Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc and Populus euramericana Guinier were proved to have the worst inhibitory effect on cement hydration, so pretreatment will be needed before making board with paper sludge-cement mixture.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.508-514
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• 2004

Industrial and municipal wastewater treatment plants produce large amounts of sludge cakes for final disposal. This problem is an inevitable drawback inherent to the activated sludge process. Both the reduction of the amount of sludge produced and improvement of its dewaterability are presently very important issue also in Korea. So many pre-treatment processes have been developed in order to improve sludge dewatering efficiency. In this study the effects of hydrogen peroxide and paper sludge mixing processes were considered as reasonable alternatives to enhance sludge dewaterability. The CST of sludge was significantly decreased, and dewaterability improved by hydrogen peroxide oxidation treatment. The optimum dosage of hydrogen peroxide was proved to be 10mg/g-TS (when TS of sludge was 2%) with the conditions of pH 4 and only 1~2 minutes of reaction time. The mixing of paper sludge with sewage sludge was turned out to be very effective in reduction of sludge cake; 30% of sludge cake reduction was accomplished. Optimum mixing ratio of paper sludge was about 30%(v/v). This process also could save 25% of polymer to be required. These two alternatives are somewhat realistic, but it was concluded that paper sludge mixing process will be the best choice.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.44-53
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• 1994

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of paper sludge addition on formaldehyde emission, and physical and mechanical properties of UF-particleboard. In order to investigate the effect of paper sludge addition to resin, particleboards were bonded with urea-formaldehyde resins containing 5, 10, 15% paper sludge powders of three types(A Type: -200 mesh, B Type: -100~+200 mesh. C Type: -50~+100 mesh), based on weight of resin solid. Also the effect of paper sludge addition to furnish was studied from particleboards fabricated with ratios of sludge to particle of 5:95, 10:90, 15:85 based on oven-dry weight. Tests were conducted on the manufactured particleboards to determine formaldehyde emission, bending properties, internal bond strength and thickness swelling. The obtained results were summarized as follows: The addition of paper sludge powder to resin yielded a higher pH of cured resin. Formaldehyde emission decreased with the increase of paper sludge powder addition to resin and paper sludge composition ratio to furnish. Particleboard bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin containing paper sludge powder and particleboard mixed with paper sludge have similar bending properties(MOR, MOE) and thickness swelling compared with control particleboard. Internal bond strength of particleboards treated with paper sludge were lower than that of control particleboard. The use of paper sludge as scavenger was achieved reduction of formaldehyde emission without depression of physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. Also the use of paper sludge was able to concluded that there is possibility of partial substitution of wood particle materials.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1996

This research was accomplished to evaluate possibility of using paper sludge for the raw materials of wood based panel products. The experimental panels were manufactured by four mixed ratios, the proportion of paper sludge to wood particle: 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50% (oven dry weight basis) and by three composition types, sludge-particle mixed board, three layered sludge-particle board and three layered particle board. They were tested mechanical (bending strength and internal bond) and physical properties (water absorption, thickness swelling and linear expansion). From the results they were shown that bending strength of mixed and three layered sludge-particle board were decreased with increasing of composition ratios of sludge. And the mechanical and physical properties of the boards of three layered composition types have superior to those of mixed composition type. Although composition ratios of sludge increased, the internal bond strength and dimensional stability of sludge-particle board not decreased quantitatively. We concluded that the mechanical and physical properties of three layered sludge-particle board were similar w those of three layered particle-board (control) made by our laboratory design. Therefore, it was recognized that paper sludge can be used as potential raw material in particle-board manufacturing industry.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.119-122
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• 2007

Actually, about 45% of total costs for wastewater treatment in a papermaking mill is spent for sludge disposal and the cost of chemicals used to improve the dewaterability of sludge takes much part of it. In order to reduce sludge disposal cost and to improve the efficiency of sludge treatment, it is necessary to minimize the amount of water contained within the sludge and hence to improve the dewaterability of the sludge. The objective of this study was to elucidate the way of improving the dewaterability of sludge. Three types of wastewater from a tissue paper mill, a printing paper mill and a newsprint mill were used and two types of high molecular weight flocculants (anionic PAM and cationic PAM) were used to treat the wastewater. Dewaterability of sludge was evaluated by measuring floc strength.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2014

The disposal of the paper mill sludge and the paper mill sludge ash become more important issue, because the environment regulation becomes more strict. In this study, the new mulching system was developed by using the paper sludge ash. The soil surface hardening mechanism for mulching with paper sludge ash, red clay and coal ash was evaluated. Since the CaO in the paper sludge ash provided the harden structure with water, the surface hardening mulching structure could cover the field surface and prevent the germination of weeds. More than 50 w.t.% of red clay and 10 w.t.% of paper sludge ash were required to create the solid soil surface structure for mulching. The field test with the new soil surface hardening mulching system for three months showed the generation of weeds could successfully be inhibited by the system.

• 세라미스트
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2011

This paper has investigated physicochemical properties and conventional and environmental-friendly treatment methods of paper mill sludge to emphasize the importance and necessity of the sludge recycling. The paper mill sludge generally shows high contents of calcium and water, and is mostly discharged by landfill after incineration process rather than being recycled due to technical or economical problems. In recent years, however, several possible methods for recycling the paper mill sludge have been suggested for its sustainable process as follows; compost, raw material for the construction and paper industry, new energy source for reducing fossil fuel use and raw material of activated carbon for treating paper mill wastewater. Thus the authors suggest that practical recycling technologies of the paper mill sludge must be developed for substantiality in the paper industry through comprehending physicochemical compositions and generation status of the sludge and actively performing various related studies. Furthermore, this investigation could be used as preliminary information for the study on recycled paper development using paper mill sludge incineration ash.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.54-65
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• 1994

This research carried out to investigate the effects of inorganic materials in paper sludge on the thermal degradation and of paper sludge addition on physical and mechanical properties of paper sludge-wood particle mixed boards in comparison with unmodified particleboards. Also these unmodified particleboards and paper sludge-wood particle mixed boards were soaked in aqueous solutions of fire-retardant chemicals(diammonium phosphate and zinc chloride), and their fire retardancy were tested by oxygen index method and ISO ignition test to determine the feasibility of paper sludge, industrial waste, as a recyclable resource in fabrication of fire-resisting panels for building material. Since the redrying of fire-retardant treated particleboards and paper sludge-wood particle mixed boards were made by press drying method, this process was a simple and effective method. On the other hand, flexural bending strength and internal bonding strength were also analysed to evaluate mechanical properties through standard method.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1999

한지제지 공정 중에서 발생하는 백색슬러지와 흑색슬러지를 각각 일정비율(10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60)로 목재 섬유와 혼합하고 PMDI, 요소 및 폐놀수지를 이용하여 목표비중 0.60, 0.75, 0.90 별로 복합보드를 제조한 결과 전반적으로 볼 때 PMDI수지를 적용한 백색슬러지-목재섬유 복합보드나 요소수지를 적용한 흑색슬러지-목재섬유 복합보드의 경우 20% 정도까지의 슬러지 첨가는 거의 통상적인 보드에 대용하는 기계적 성질을 지닌다고 믿어진다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2002년도 제24회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.199-203
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• 2002

In this paper, the effects of water contents on combustion characteristics of paper sludge and capacity of fluidized bed combustor(FBC) were investigated using 0.26m diameter, 1.75m height pilot-plant scale combustor. Combustion tests of paper sludge containing water contents between 40wt% and 50wt% were performed. The temperature and emission variation, the pressure inside combustor were measured to monitor the fluidization quality. The experimental results showed that 30kg/hr feeding rate of sludge containing water up to 45wt% was preferable for this system. Sludge loading rate, heat release rate were calculated from experimental data as major parameters showing FBC capacity. Comparsion with sludge loading rate from other source was also performed