• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.181-193
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• 2021

Due to the spread of COVID-19, the domestic market was inevitable to face the crisis of tourism industry. Accordingly, most of local festivals decided to cancel or postpone, and have been in difficult situation. In addition, people also have experienced the thrist of cultural activities and tours. However, this situation can also be opportunity to find the clues for activating local festivals in the post-COVID-19 era with estimating the preservation value and deriving the determinants for it. Therefore, this study economically assessed the value of the local festival, Chimac Festival in Daegu, under the hypothetical financial crisis situation for COVID-19. Consequently, monthly income, age and place dependence was found to be influential for Daegu and nearby area citizens to have willingness to pay for the Chimac Festival in Daegu. The result shows that respondents are willing to pay 16,909 on truncated average. Thus, total value of Chimac Festival was estimated as 9.376 billion won.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.217-236
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• 2021

The present study examined the mediating role of the subjective norm about social distancing in the relationship between individuals' collectivistic orientation and their social distancing behavior during the early COVID-19 crisis in Korea. A total of 445 South Korean adults residing in Korea participated in a survey during which level 2 to 2.5 prevention policies were being enforced. Results indicated, as expected, that collectivism positively predicted the perceptions of subjective norm that supports social distancing, which in turn predicted positively individuals' participation in social distancing as prescribed by the central government. This result emerged regardless of the individuals' perception of personal vulnerability to COVID-19. We discuss implications of these findings and directions for future research regarding the link between individualism-collectivism and the behavioral immune system, along with the role of social distancing in effectively curbing the spread of corona virus during the pandemic.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.96-114
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• 2023

Purpose - This paper elucidates a nexus between the occurrence of rare disaster events and the volatility of economic growth by distinguishing the likelihood of rare events from stochastic volatility. We provide new empirical facts based on a quarterly time series. In particular, we focus on the role of financial liberalization in spreading the economic crisis in developing countries. Design/methodology - We use quarterly data on consumption expenditure (real per capita consumption) from 44 countries, including advanced and developing countries, ending in the fourth quarter of 2020. We estimate the likelihood of rare event occurrences and stochastic volatility for countries using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method developed by Barro and Jin (2021). We present our estimation results for the relationship between rare disaster events, stochastic volatility, and growth volatility. Findings - We find the global common disaster event, the COVID-19 pandemic, and thirteen country-specific disaster events. Consumption falls by about 7% on average in the first quarter of a disaster and by 4% in the long run. The occurrence of rare disaster events and the volatility of gross domestic product (GDP) growth are positively correlated (4.8%), whereas the rare events and GDP growth rate are negatively correlated (-12.1%). In particular, financial liberalization has played an important role in exacerbating the adverse impact of both rare disasters and financial market instability on growth volatility. Several case studies, including the case of South Korea, provide insights into the cause of major financial crises in small open developing countries, including the Asian currency crisis of 1998. Originality/value - This paper presents new empirical facts on the relationship between the occurrence of rare disaster events (or stochastic volatility) and growth volatility. Increasing data frequency allows for greater accuracy in assessing a country's specific risk. Our findings suggest that financial market and institutional stability can be vital for buffering against rare disaster shocks. It is necessary to preemptively strengthen the foundation for financial stability in developing countries and increase the quality of the information provided to markets.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.42-59
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• 2023

Purpose - As a leading source of foreign exchange and investment, tourism has grown in importance as a component of international trade. Accordingly, in recent decades much attention has been directed toward attracting foreign tourists and, in turn, positively affecting the recommendation intentions of foreign tourists. Despite such interests, there remains a dearth of empirical research on this issue. Moreover, prior research has focused primarily on the simple main effect of a certain factor on recommendation intentions. Therefore, the present study aims to (1) investigate the effect of overall satisfaction on the recommendation intentions of foreign tourists, and (2) examine the potential moderating effects of personal factors (i.e., age and destination image) on the association between overall satisfaction and recommendation intention. Design/methodology - Using a moderated moderation analysis of the data drawn from the 2018 International Visitor Survey conducted by the Korea Tourism Organization, this study proposes the three-way interaction effects of overall satisfaction, age, and destination image on recommendation intention. Findings - The findings of the study indicate that overall satisfaction is positively associated with recommendation intention and this relationship becomes stronger among younger tourists. The findings further indicate that the moderating effect of age on the relationship between overall satisfaction and recommendation intention depends on changes in the image of the destination. Specifically, the destination image exerts a positive moderating impact on the influence of age that moderates the overall satisfaction and recommendation intention relationship. Originality/value - Considering that the tourism economy has been severely affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic, this study contributes to a more accurate understanding of the factors affecting the recommendation intention, especially in times of crisis.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to identify the distribution of skill evolution for accounting personnel during the health crisis and investigate the impact of accounting skills in developing resilience among accounting personnel. Research design, data, and methodology: A total of 131 respondents of accounting personnel participated in a self-administered survey questionnaire. This data is analysed using the partial least square structural equation modeling. Results: The results show that accounting skills, digital skills, and writing skills have a significant impact on developing accounting personnel's motivation, subsequently leading to resilience. Conclusions: This study adds to the literature on the new requirements and future profiles of Malaysian organisation and the accounting profession. This will be a good reference for the practitioners to identify the relevant skills required for accountants after the pandemic. Furthermore, this study includes encouraging motivation and skills to improve resilience in the Malaysian context further to understand the push factors on skills evolution among the accountants. Higher education institutions with accounting courses would consider the potential future skills of accountants to meet market demands on time when updating the institutions' curricula program. Hence, the relevant skills required can be developed and practiced at the education level, especially secondary and tertiary levels.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.16 no.5_spc
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• pp.635-641
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• 2024

OECD countries' Current Health Expenditure has reached the 9% of GDP, driven by high growth in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Korea marked 9.4% in 2022, surpassing the OECD average (9.2%) for the first time since joining the OECD. While the share of COVID-19-related health expenditures in total health spending is 7.8 percent, well above the OECD average (5.1 percent), the structure and fluctuation patterns of health expenditures are different from other OECD countries, which has two implications from a health system perspective. First, even in the unique context of a health crisis, it is important to examine the impact that steep health spending growth can have on sustainability of the healthcare system. Second, among the various healthcare interventions to combat the health crisis, we should explore responses that are appropriate to the Korean context to increase the resilience of the healthcare system.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.73-89
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• 2022

With the spread of COVID-19, the role of parks has been emphasized. Under the quarantine guidelines, including social distancing, people are visiting parks as a safe place. In line with these changes, parks need to be studied as pandemic adaptation measures according to their physical and location characteristics. This study aims to explore the potential of linear parks with accessibility and pass way functions based on the characteristics of surrounding land uses. The case study area was selected from Yeonnam-dong to Yeomni-dong of the Gyeongui Line Forest Park, and the area was divided into 4 sections based on the administrative boundary and surrounding land uses. Multiple regression models were adopted in each section using the total number of de facto population as a dependent variable and factors affecting external activities including COVID-19 as independent variables. The results show that first, the more diverse the interaction between commercial facilities and linear parks, the greater the impact of the pandemic. Second, where various commercial facilities are concentrated people respond more sensitively to short-term weather changes than seasonal ones. This study indicates that there are differences in the use of linear parks according to the surrounding land uses. In addition, it suggests that the linear park has potential as a means to overcome the Pandemic crisis of the city and to increase equity in access to green areas.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.145-165
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• 2021

As of late December 2019, the spread of COVID-19 pandemic began which put the entire world in panic. In order to overcome the crisis and minimize any subsequent damage, the government as well as its affiliated institutions must maximize effects of pre-existing policy support and introduce a holistic response plan that can reflect this changing situation- which is why it is crucial to analyze social topics and people's interests. This study investigates people's major thoughts, attitudes and topics surrounding COVID-19 pandemic through the use of social media and big data. In order to collect public opinion, this study segmented time period according to government countermeasures. All data were collected through NAVER blog from 31 December 2019 to 12 December 2020. This research applied TF-IDF keyword extraction and LDA topic modeling as text-mining techniques. As a result, eight major issues related to COVID-19 have been derived, and based on these keywords, this research presented policy strategies. The significance of this study is that it provides a baseline data for Korean government authorities in providing appropriate countermeasures that can satisfy needs of people in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

This qualitative study analyzed various environmental factors and difficulties faced by school foodservices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Focus group interviews were conducted by enrolling 12 nutrition teachers and nutritionists. Data collected were subsequently analyzed for changes implemented during the pandemic, in hygiene management, diet management, and distribution management of the school meal. The content and method of delivery of information related to diet guidance and school foodservice by related organizations were also examined. Results of the survey show that personal hygiene (such as maintaining student-to-student distance, checking students for a fever, and hand disinfection) was duly applied, installation of table coverings and distancing between school cafeteria seats were conducted, and mandatory mask-wearing to prevent droplet transmission was enforced. Depending on the COVID-19 situation, the number of students having school meals was limited per grade, and time-spaced meals were provided. To prevent infection, menus that required frequent hand contact were excluded from the meal plan. Overall, it was difficult to manage the meal plan due to frequent changes in tasks, such as the number of orders and meal expenses. These changes were communicated by nutrition teachers and nutritionists wherein the numbers of school meals were adjusted, depending on situations arising from each COVID-19 crisis stage. Furthermore, in some schools, either face-to-face nutrition counseling was stopped entirely, or nutrition education was conducted online. Parent participation was disallowed in the monitoring of school meals, and the prohibition on conversations inside the school cafeteria resulted in the absence of communication among students, nutrition teachers, and nutritionists. Additionally, confusion in meal management was caused by frequent changes in the school meal management guidelines provided by the Office of Education and the School Health Promotion Center in response to COVID-19. In anticipation of the emergence of a new virus or infectious diseases caused by mutations in the years to come, it is suggested that a holistic, well-thought-out response manual for safe meal operation needs to be established, in close collaboration with schools and school foodservice-related institutions.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-90
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• 2020

Recently, as the pandemic COVID-19 has been spread worldwide, international research cooperation has come to the fore to overcome the crisis and develop treatments. Currently, in Korea, with the support from the Ministry of Education and the Korea Research Foundation, the International Research Cooperation Information Center operates an online service system for international research cooperation as a venue for sharing results among international research cooperation researchers and invigorating such research. However, since Korea's performance in international research cooperation is still poor, actively pursuing measures to improve professionalism and diversity based on international cooperation is deemed necessary. Therefore, in this study, factors influencing the level of satisfaction with international research cooperation online service systems were identified, and measures to increase the satisfaction of international research cooperation online service were proposed based on the analysis results. Design of the system quality factors, accuracy and consistency of the information quality factors, and professionalism of the service quality factors were verified to have a significant effect on the satisfaction with international research cooperation online service systems. Accordingly, further strengthening the aspects of design, accuracy, consistency, and professionalism was proposed as a way to increase the satisfaction of international research cooperation online service systems.