• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2005

Objective : Direct moxibustion applied on painful point of injured ligament, not acu-point, is effective method to treat acute pain and chronic weakness of injured ligaments. We recently experienced 3 case of sprain treated with direct moxibustion on painful point of ligaments. Methods : Patients who injured in lateral collated ligament, anterior talo-fibular ligament, and collateral ligament of finger were treated by direct moxibustion on tender points of injured ligaments. Results and conclusion : There was successful results that pain and ROM was improved. It seems that burns due to moxibustion facilitate repair of ligament and control inflammation.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.1023-1032
• /
• 2001

The muscles relating to movement of painful low back was analyzed kinematically, by method of applying elastic tapes and putting non-elastic tapes on muscles involving those movements which cause pain and limitation of range of motion (ROM) in low back and trunk. Taping therapy which is effective for improvement of painful low back and which is supposed to facilitate the total and continual movement based on the postural reflexes will be presented in this paper. Fifty cases who had painful low back were investigated. Patients with painful low back were at first asked pain point and direction of painful movement, and then tested the muscles which are cause of those pain and limited motion. Before attaching tape, all subjects were divided into two groups, flexor pattern and extensor pattern, according to direction of increasing pain. Elastic tapes were applied from origin to insertion of objective muscles and non-elastic tapes were put on effective points of the muscles which were associated with respect to pain and limited ROM. As a result of this study, all subjects with low back pain significantly improved in pain and ROM at the low back. The longest treatment duration group for the low back pain cases was herniated lumbar disc(10.4 days) group. Low back pain have been treated by so many ways. muscles factor should be emphasized to be distinguish1y important to reduce low back pain. The muscles relating to make directly painful motion in low back and trunk should be confirmed by means of taping and painful motion should be analyzed by point of view of postural reflexes.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2001

Objective : This study is performed to evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture to acu-points in the normal side by means of amperage measured from chong points. Methods : Among the outpatients with ankle sprain who visited to Department of Acupuncture & Maxibustion, Jaseng oriental medicine hospital from 21, December 2000 to 10, February 2001, we selected 11 persons who showed normal finding in the X-ray. They were divided into two groups. One group was treated with acupuncture to acu-points in the painful side and the other was treated with acupuncture to acu-points in the normal side. Before and after acupuncture, we measured the amperage from their chong points. We selected 10 persons who we thought they were healthy as a control group. We also measured the amperage from their chong points. Results : Between the control and the ankle sprain group, there were significant differences of differences between the amperages of Rt. chong point and Lt. thong point of the same name. Between the group treated with acupuncture to acu-points in the painful side and the group treated with acupuncture to acu-points in the normal side, there were no significant differences of differences between the amperages of Rt. chong point and Lt. chong point of the same name. Conclusion : This result indicated that the acupuncture to acu-points in the painful side was not less effective than the acupuncture to acu-points in the normal side, and so the more study is needed continuously.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.95-108
• /
• 2005

Objective : In the present study, the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) applied to several acupoints and non-acupoint in CFA-induced knee arthritis was examined. Methods : A common source of persistent pain in humans is arthritis. Arthritis was induced by injection of CFA $125\;{\mu}l$ into knee joint cavity under enflurane anesthesia. The rat subsequently showed swelling of the ankle and a reduced stepping force of the affected limb for the next several days. The reduced stepping force of the limb was presumably due to a painful knee. EA was applied to either of $LR_2,\;LI_4$, or non-acupoint on the contralateral forelimb for 30 min under gaseous anesthesia. After the termination of EA, behavioral tests measuring stepping force were periodically conducted during the next 4 h. Results : EA applied to $LR_2$ point produced a significant improvement of stepping force of the affected foot lasting for at least 2 h. However, neigher $LI_4$ point nor non-point produced any significant increase of weight bearing force. The improvement of stepping pressure was interpreted as an analgesic effect. The analgesic effect was specific to the acupuncture point since the analgesic effect on CFA-induced knee arthritic pain model could not be mimicked by EA applied to a point, $LI_4$ or non-acupoint. In addition, both NO production and iNOS protein expression increased by arthritis were suppressed by EA applied to $LR_2$ point. Conclusion : These data suggest that EA produces a potent analgesic effect in the rat model of CFA-induced knee arthritis. This analgesic effect is produced by applying EA to an acupoint at opposite side from the painful area in a stimulus point-specific way.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.193-197
• /
• 1998

Frozen shoulder is known as a self-limited disease. But, its long duration and pain nature can make the patients debilitative. And most patients cannot tolerate a chronically painful extremity and are concerned about the possibility of developing permanent dysfunction. In painful phase of frozen shoulder, some aggressive mordalties as like trigger point injection or suprascapular nerve block can beneficial to: reduce discomfort and pain. In order to document clinical results, we evaluated the results of 134 frozen shoulders treated with trigger point injection and/or suprascapular nerve block at Kyungpook National University Hospital, from January 1995 to April 1997. The treatment group was divided into 3 modalities: 17 cases in trigger point injection(TPI), 39 cases in suprascapular nerve block(SSB), and 78 cases in both methods. The supportive treatment including oral medication, heat and stretching exercise was also applied. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 57 years old and average follow-up time was 18 months. The results were as follows: Average time of significant improvement in pain was 9 days. Eighty-eight percent (119 cases) was improved in pain and range of motion after injecllion treatments; 82%(14/17) with TPI, 85%(33/39) with SSB, and 92%(72/78) with both. Early improvement of paih within 1 week was 72% in the treatment-responsive group, in which TPI group has 100% response(14/14) and sse has 94% response(31/33)

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.220-225
• /
• 2003

The Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is a symptom complex with unilateral painful ophthalmoplegia associated with retro-orbital pain, proptosis and Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ-1, Ⅵ cranial nerves palsy due to nonspecific granulomatous inflammation in the superior orbital fissure or cavernous sinus. We experienced a 50 years old female patient with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome who had several clinical signs and symptoms such as ocular pain, headache, sensory loss of face, diplopia, and visual disturbance. In the point of Differentiation of Syndrome(辨證). this subject was diagnosed as Deficiency of yin in liver and kidney(肝腎陰虛), and was administrated with Yangyeummyungmoktang-Gamibang. After treatment of acupuncture and herbal medicine above symptoms were improved.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2003

The shoulder is a complex area which makes it vulnerable to painful pathologic processes. Chronic shoulder pain has become more common recently due to increased use of computers and a ,generally more sedentary life style among most people . Trigger point injection and neural blockade are useful for the management of chronic shoulder pain which has not improved with conservative treatment. Published articles concerning trigger point injection or neural blockade for chronic shoulder pain were reviewed to evaluate promising methods. If we are careful to remain aware of the details and complications in addition to adhering to effective treatments, these should be good armamentarium for doctors enthusiastic about the management of chronic shoulder pain.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.69-82
• /
• 2004

Objectives : In the present study, the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) applied to hand yang meridian on the ankle sprain model was examined. Methods & Results : A common source of persistent pain in humans is the lateral ankle sprain. To model this condition, the rat's right ankle was bent repeatedly, overextending lateral ligaments, for 4 min under halothane anesthesia. The rat subsequently showed swelling of the ankle and a reduced stepping force of the affected limb for the next several days. The reduced stepping force of the limb was presumably due to a painful ankle. EA was applied to the several acupuncture point on the contralateral forelimb for 30 min under gaseous anesthesia. After the termination of EA, behavioral tests measuring stepping force were periodically conducted during the next 4 h. EA applied to SI-6 point produced a significant improvement of stepping force of the sprained foot lasting for at least 2 h. However, neigher LI-4 point nor TE-3 point produced any significant increase of weight bearing force. The improvement of stepping pressure was interpreted as an analgesic effect. The analgesic effect was specific to the acupuncture point since the analgesic effect on the ankle sprain pain model could not be mimicked by EA applied to a nearby point, LI-4 or TE-3. The analgesic effect of EA applied to SI-6 was more powerful when EA was applied by low-frequency and high-intensity stimulation. In addition, this effect need to be stimulated more than 15 min. Conclusions : These data suggest that EA produces a potent analgesic effect on the ankle sprain pain model in the rat. This analgesic effect is produced by applying EA to a Tae-Yang meridian at opposite side from the painful area in a stimulus point-specific way.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.83-95
• /
• 1993

In out-patient clinic, it seems to be common that most back pain arise from muscular origins rather than from skeletal origins. Most physicians have wished to diagnose lower back pain from the radiologic findings only. From clinical experiences and anatomical studies, I have gotten a different opinion from common sense about backaches. If I met a patient who had lower back pain around the posterior superior iliac crest(P.S.I.C.) area, I would had to search a trigger point in the erector spinae muscles at the level of thoraco-lumber junction rather than at the level of the painful site. It is why that sensory innervation over the posterior superior iliac crest area is the posterior primary branch of T12 spinal nerve running down through the erector spinae muscles. Pain on the iliac crest area is supposedly due to hyperirritability of the sensory nerve distributing to this area. Hyperirritability of the posterior primary branch of $T_{12}$ spinal nerve may be due to the spasm of the longissimus thoracis muscle in the erector spinae muscles at the level of the thoraco-lumbar junction. So finally, I would like to insist that spasmolytic treatment on the muscle at the level of the thoraco-lumbar junction would be better for pain relief around P.S.I.C. than treatment at the painful site only.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.127-131
• /
• 2014

Skeletal muscles which are the largest part of human body may develop pain and dysfunction. The myofascial pain syndrome that has trigger points as a unique characteristic is a major cause of morbidity. Trigger points are focal, hyperirritable painful areas located in a taut band of skeletal muscle. They produce local area pain and a referred pattern pain and often accompany chronic joint dysfunction. Various modalities are used to inactivate trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome. Trigger-point injection has been shown to be one of the most effective treatment modality to provide prompt relief of symptoms. This review article presents general concept of myofascial pain syndrome and technique of trigger point injection.