• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.671-683
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health knowledge and actual oral health care of the selected subjects, their decision making about prosthetic treatment, the state and characteristics of their prosthetic treatment and their satisfaction with prosthetic treatment in an attempt to provide some information on the improvement of the quality of life related to oral health and the promotion of oral health. Methods : The subjects in this study were 250 people who received education in two different lifelong education institutions in the city of Busan. After a survey was conducted from May 23 to June 15, 2011, the answer sheets from 217 respondents were analyzed. Results : 1. As for the general characteristics of the respondents, the men(52.1%) outnumbered the women. Those who were in their 60 and up(47.5%) made up the largest age group, and the married people(65.4%) outnumbered the unmarried ones. By occupation, the company employees(20.3%) made up the biggest group. By education, the greatest group was high-school graduates(36.1%). By monthly mean income, the biggest group gained an income of 2.01 million won or more(36.9%). As to medical security, community-based insurance was most prevailing (36.9%). In terms of health promotion, the largest group worked out to stay fit(52.4%). 2. Regarding oral health knowledge, they had a good knowledge about the cause of dental caries(56.7%), but they weren't well aware of the right time for regular dental checkup(47.9%). In relation to oral health care, regular scaling wasn't prevailing(16.9%). 3. Regarding connections between the general characteristics and satisfaction with prosthesis, the less-educated respondents expressed significantly more dissatisfaction(p=0.015). By monthly mean income, those who had a smaller income were dissatisfied in general(p=0.028). Conclusions : The findings of the study illustrated that it's required to spread awareness of the importance of oral health among people in general, and that differentiated incremental oral health care should be provided for different age groups. In order to raise the satisfaction of patients with prosthesis, how to relieve their pain and anxiety and how to adjust prosthetic treatment cost properly should carefully be considered. In addition, the government should take measures to offer assistance for the low-income classes in preparation for an increase in the elderly population.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 1997

Peripheral nerve injury sometimes leads to neuropathic pain and depletion of calcitonin gene related-peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in the spinal cord. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms for depletion of CGRP and SP following the neurorathic injury are still unknown. This study was performed to see whether the distribution of immunoreactivity for CGRP and SP in the superficial dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia(DRG) was related to the distance between the DRG and injury site. To this aim, we compared two groups of rats; one group was subjected to unilateral inferior and superior caudal trunk transections at the level between the S3 and S4 spinal nerves (S34 group) and the other group at the levels between the S1 and S2, between S2 and S3 and between S3 and S4 spinal nerve (S123 group). The transections in both groups equally eliminated the inputs from the tail to the S1-3 DRG, but the distance from the S1/S2 DRG to the injury site was different between the two groups. Immunostaining with SP and CGRP antibody was done in the S1-S3 spinal cord and DRG of the two groups 1 and 12 weeks after the injury. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The immunoreactivity for CGRP and SP in the ipsilateral superficial dorsal horn and DRG decreased 1 and 12 weeks after neuropathic nerve injury. 2. The immunoreactive area of SP and CGRP in the S1 dorsal horn was smaller in the S123 group than in the S34 group, whereas that in the S3 dorsal horn was not significantly different between the two groups. The number of SP-immunoreactive DRG cells decreased on the neuropathic side as compared to the sham group's in all DRGs of experimental groups except the S1 DRG of the S34 group. These results suggest that the amounts of SP and CGRP in the dorsal horn and DRG following neuropathic injury inversely decrease according to the distance between the DRG and injury site.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2010

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangiomas are benign, extremely rare tumors. Although surgical resection is the treatment of choice, sclerotherapy should be considered initially. A 9-year-old boy was admitted due do worsening abdominal pain of 4 days duration. Serial complete blood counts revealed a hemoglobin level of 12.8 g/dL on admission to 10.6 g/dL on hospital day 3. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a large, lobulated, septated, retroperitoneal cystic mass ($10{\times}9.5{\times}5cm$) in the left anterior pararenal space with intracystic hemorrhage surrounding the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV). Because of the high operative risk, we performed a tubogram of the cystic mass, percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD), and ethanol sclerotherapy. The follow-up abdominal CT scan showed that the cystic mass had decreased in size. He is well without relapse of the retroperitoneal cystic mass for 13 months after discharge. Sclerotherapy with PCD should be considered as initial therapy for patients with retroperitoneal cystic lymphangiomas at high surgical risk.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.4 s.143
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• pp.318-323
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• 2005

The leaves (KPL) of Kalopanax pictus (KP) are used as a vegetable or a functional food in Korean society. The stem bark (Kalopanacis Cortex, KPS) has been traditionally used to treat neurotic pain, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetic disease. This research was undertaken to demonstrate that the leaf extract of KP (KPL) has also the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects like the extract (KPS) of Kalopanacis Cortex and to compare the activity levels of several extracts obtained from KP. Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects were measured against the extracts described as followings; KPL-1 (the MeOH extract obtained from the leaf shoot of KP collected on May), KPL-2 (the MeOH extract from KP collected on June), KPL-3 (the MeOH ectract from KP with no thorns), KPS-1 (MeOH extract from KPS of a Korean habitat), KPS-2 (MeOH extract from KPS of a Chinese habitat). The antimociceptive test undertaken by acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate-, and tail-flick methods using mice. The anti-inflammatory test was also undertaken by measuring the edema in the carrageenan-induced test. The order of activity potency in the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory assays was commonly shown as followings: KPL-3>KPS>1>KPS-2>KPL-1>KPL-2. This order was also observed in acetic acid-induced vascular permeability test. The antiinflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced assay was also observed as the following order: KPL-3>KPS- 1>PS-2>KPL-1>KPL-2. In addition, adjuvant-induced rats were used for a model to assess the oxidative stress. Treatment of the rat with the extracts reduced serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), hydroxy radical(OH) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity caused by FCA together together with the inhibition of hepatic TBARS level and lipofuscin content. The above finding suggests that the leaf extract has the antinociceptive and antinflammatory activity. It is also suggested that KPL-3 with more potent activity than other tested extracts could be developed for a new available biomaterial.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.550-561
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the improvement of the working environment for health prevention and related countermeasures for shift workers. This study was conducted based on the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS), which analyzed the health effects of shift work forces and compared them with preceding studies. Methods: By analyzing secondary rates using raw data from the 5th KWCS, 4,870 (9.7%) of the 50,184 total study subjects were divided into shift work and 45,314 (90.3%) non-shift work groups based on the response to shift status. Variables that could affect work health issues were identified and corrected. A cross-analysis was conducted to examine demographic characteristics (gender, age, and education level) of the workers and occupation characteristics (monthly net earnings, employment type, occupation, working period up to now, workplace scale, type of work system, and weekly working hours). In order to find the work health issue ratio between the shift and non-shift work groups, logistic regression was analyzed and the association with health problems according to shift type by gender was looked at through cross-analysis. Results: According to the surveys conducted from the 1st KWCS (2006) to the 5th KWCS (2017), the proportion of shift workers continued to increase. Also, muscular pains in the lower limbs (hips, legs, knees, feet, etc.) (OR=1.135, 95%CI 1.031-1.251), headaches, eyestrain (OR=1.580, 95% CI 1.428-1.748), anxiety (OR=1.715, 95% CI 1.402-2.099), difficulty falling asleep (OR=1.391), and other problems (OR=7.392) were reported. In addition, back pain, muscular pains in shoulders, neck and/or upper limbs, muscular pains in lower limbs (hips, legs, knees, feet, etc.), headaches, eyestrain, depression, anxiety, overall fatigue resulted in significant results for both male and female shift workers. Depression and anxiety were higher in female shift/circulation compared to males. Conclusions: The social nets for the health and safety of shift workers should be explored in a variety of ways, including management and supervision of shift sites, attempts to reorganize and improve the shift system, development of workers' health recovery programs, promotion, systematic treatment, and compensation systems.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.271-277
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• 2006

Mast cells (MCs) are granulated cells that play a pivotal role in allergic reaction and inflammation. The granules of mast cells are known to be rich in zinc (Zn). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. We injected $200{\mu}L$ of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) subcutaneously in the dorsal aspect of one hindpaw Finally, zinc selenium autometallography(AMG) was done by Danscher's method. The present study showed the ultrastructures of zinc-containing mast cells found in inflammatory area following an complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) inoculation into the rat hindpaw. At light microscopic level, mast cells were round or oval, at average $12{\mu}m$ in diameter, with many filopodia extending from the cell surface. Because the rather small and spherical nucleus was centrally placed; it was frequently obscured by the cytoplasmic granules, it sometimes could not be seen. Mast cells were distributed chiefly in the vicinity of small blood vessels. In most preparation many mast cells were ruptured and their granules escaped into the surrounding tissue. In electron micrographs, The secretory granules were at average $0.5{\mu}m$ in diameter and were limited by a membrane. The cell surface contained numerous microvilli and folds. Their interior was heterogenous in appearance. The nucleus was surrounded by large numbers of prominent vesicels and a well developed Golgi apparatus, but scant endoplasmic reticulum.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.142-150
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• 2006

PURPOSE : The 3rd molar extraction of mandible is common in out-patient office of oral and maxillofacial surgery. And it is dynamic minor operation with changes of vital signs. most of patients are already sensitive about their dental treatment. The changes of emotion are reached to the highest level when patients is laid down to be treated on unit chair. It can be induced to undesirable accidents as to this fear. The undesirable complications are nausea, vomiting, hyperventilation, dyspnea, syncope, shock and so on. The severe changes of vital signs may influence their behavior and make serious medical malpractice or suit such as fracture of dental instruments and injury of proximal area. METHOD AND PATIENTS : A total of 99 selected normal patients were reviewed. Among this, 70 patients(43 men, 27 women with statistical significance) were included in this study. Each steps(pre-anesthesis, 5 minutes after anesthesis, just after mucogingival incision, just after tooth section, just after suture and gauze biting) were investigated for a change of a vital signs. It is analyzed to 2 categories,"Means" and "Tendency". The "Means" is the amount of vital signs changed in comparison with pre-step during operation. That means is the amount of vital changes by each step operation. Next, " Tendency" is changes of vital signs in comparison with step1 during operation. RESULT : This is the changing tendency of vital signs with time. That is active effect of fear and pain. Thus this "Means" and "Tendency" will present a sudden changes of vital signs and it can lead to more safe treatment. CONCLUSION : Thus, the purpose of this study is, through careful operation in each step, to less on patients' complication and increase trust between patient and OMFS. This study is a first article shown with the amount of "Means" and "Tendency" in vital signs, when a third molar of mandible is extracted. This study will be base study of patients with general diseases, because it selected only patients without general diseases.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.301-310
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to provide data to develop the nursing intervention program to improve the quality of life by identifying the factors affecting the quality of life in patients with herpes zoster. The data were collected in 141 patients with herpes zoster from September 1 to December 31, 2016 and analyzed by multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 23.0. As a result, the pain level of the herpes zoster was 5.23±2.11, the perceived health status was 3.35±1.04, the self efficacy was 66.36±10.79, the family support was 42.093±8.68, the social support was 59.80±20.42. And the health related quality of life was 74.12±5.73 points. Affecting factors influencing the quality of life of the subjects were perceived health status, Living with family status, and the explanatory power of these variables was 39.0%. Therefore, the health-related quality of life of patients was increased according to positive perceived health status Based on this study, in order to improve the quality of life of patients with herpes zoster, it is necessary for the nurse to arrange a proper mediation plan that can help the positive health condition perception of the patients. It is necessary to develop an effective nursing intervention program based on the influencing factors confirmed in this study.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.125-139
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• 2000

Study of the fourteen meridians that include name of P'ung(風) point. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Pyongp'ung(秉風) is located middle of the supraspinatous fossa(Small intestine Meridian, 手太陽小腸經). we can cute the local area disease and also use to cure the pathway of the Arm greater yang small intestine which is attacked by P'ung(風) disease. 2. Yep'ung(翳風) is located behind the lobule of the auricle, in the depression between the mastoid process and the mandible(Triple Energizer Meridian, 手少陽三焦經). we can cure the local area disease especially hyper yang disease and also use to cure the pathway of the Arm lesser yang triple energizer which is attacked by P'ung(風) and Yo'l(熱) disease. 3. P'ungmun(風門) is located 1.5 chon beside the lower end of the spine of the second thoracic vertebra(Bladder Meridian, 足太陽膀胱經). we can cure the local area disease and also use to cure the pathway of the Leg greater yang bladder which is attacked by P'ung(風) disease. 4. P'ungbu(風府) is located 1 chon above the middle of natural line of the hair at the back of the head, in the depression below the occiptal protuberance(Governor meridian, 督脈). It connects (Liver meridian, 足厥陰肝經) and Yin Link Vessel(陽維脈). we can cure the rigidity and pain in head and nape which is related Yin Link Vessel(陽維脈). 5. P'ungshi(風市) is located on the lateral part of the thigh, 7 hon above the patella(From the greater trochanter to the knee joint is 19 chon, Gallbladder Meridian (足少陽膽經). we can cure the local area disease(leg, knee, etc). 6. P'ungji(風池) is located Below the occipital bone, in the depression on the outer part of the trapezius muscle(Gallbladder Meridian, 足少陽膽經) on a level with P'ungbu(風府) (Governor vessel, 督脈). we can cure the local area disease and also use to cure the pathway of the Leg lesser yang gall bladder which is attacked by P'ung(風) disease.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2018

Background: Genu varum is also known as bow leg. It is a deformity wherein there is lateral bowing of the legs at the knee. it does give rise to pain, and persistent bowing can often give rise to discomfort in knees, hips and ankles. Objects: This study investigated the effect of narrow squats on the knee joint during a gait and distance between the knees of person with genu varum. Methods: This study analyzed 23 patient with genu varum that grade III, 12 narrow squat group and 11 genenal squat group in motion analysis laboratory. The subjects of experiment took gait before and after intervention, the range of joint motion, moment of knee joint adduction, power, distance of the knees were measured. And in order to make an analysis between groups, an paiered t-test and independent t-test was carried out. For statistical significance testing, it was decided that significance level ${\alpha}$ be .05. Results: It was shown that the group of narrow squat exercise significantly decreased in distance of knees (p<.05),In moment of adduction of knee joint, it was shown to significantly decrease in two groups (p<.05), was significantly decreased in adduction, abduction, and rotation (p<.05). In relation of peak-knee adduction moment and valgus angle, there was significant decrease in narrow squat group (p<.05). Conclusion: When the above result of study were examined, a narrow squat exercise given to the genu varum patients significantly decreased the distance between the knees, range of knee adduction and abduction, knee adduction moment, knee power. And stability gains through the decrease of excursion of knee medial part be effective for the correction of genu varum deformation.