• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.227-233
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• 2018

Objectives: Chronic diseases, including back pain, result in significant patient morbidity and societal burden. Overall improvement in physical fitness is recommended for prevention and treatment. Walking is a convenient modality for achieving initial gains. Our objective was to determine whether neighbourhood walkability, acting as a surrogate measure of physical fitness, was associated with the presence of chronic disease. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of prospectively collected data from a prior randomized cohort study of 227 patients referred for tertiary assessment of chronic back pain in Ottawa, ON, Canada. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated from patient-completed questionnaires and medical record review. Using patients' postal codes, neighbourhood walkability was determined using the Walk Score, which awards points based on the distance to the closest amenities, yielding a score from 0 to 100 (0-50: car-dependent; 50-100: walkable). Results: Based on the Walk Score, 134 patients lived in car-dependent neighborhoods and 93 lived in walkable neighborhoods. A multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, rural postal code, body mass index, smoking, median household income, percent employment, pain, and disability, demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio of 2.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 6.53) times higher prevalence for having a chronic disease for patients living in a car-dependent neighborhood. There was also a significant dose-related association (p=0.01; Mantel-Haenszel chi-square=6.4) between living in car-dependent neighbourhoods and more severe CCI scores. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that advocating for improved neighbourhood planning to permit greater walkability may help offset the burden of chronic disease.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.313-323
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• 2015

This study was performed to examine the prevalence of and risk factors for depression and anxiety among breast cancer survivors in their 40s. Completed questionnaires were collected from 609 breast cancer survivors in their 40s who agreed to participate the study. The mean scores of CES-D and GAD-7 were 16.35(SD=9.24) and 4.25(SD=4.17), respectively. Nearly 47.7% of the participants had depression and 10.3% had anxiety. The mean score of pain severity was 1.91(SD=1.60) and 10.9% of the participants reported more than moderate pain. The final model in the hierarchical regression analysis showed that pain interference, unemployment, the type of live-in partner, and past psychiatric disease were the significant risk factors for depression, and pain interference, unemployment and past psychiatric disease for anxiety. These results show the prevalence of depression and anxiety among breast cancer survivors in their 40s is high and suggest appropriate psychosocial intervention should be provided for high risk groups based on those risk factors.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.48-53
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in clinical signs and symptoms, and psychological profiles of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) between juvenile and adult patients. Methods: Two-hundred eighty-three TMJ OA patients who visited the Orofacial Pain Clinic of Seoul National University Dental Hospital were classified by juvenile (153 patients; mean age $14.2{\pm}1.7$ years, range 9-16 years) and adult (130 patients; mean age $34.0{\pm}2.8$ years, range 30-40 years) groups, and compared the clinical symptoms based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) axis I guidelines including Graded Chronic Pain (GCP) scale, mandibular range of motion, and the associated symptoms. Psychological profiles were also evaluated using the Symptom Checklist 90-Revision (SCL-90-R). Results: Juvenile patients reported lower pain intensity and a lower prevalence of headache and clenching than adult patients. Their mandibular range of motion was also higher than adult patients. Juvenile patients showed a lower percentage of patients with T-score above 50 in somatization (SOM), obsessive-compulsive (O-C), interpersonal sensitivity (I-S), and paranoid ideation (PAR) than adults. Based on the GCP scale, the percentage of the high disability group was lower in juveniles. Conclusions: Juvenile TMJ OA patients generally showed milder clinical symptoms than adults. Adult patients showed higher prevalence of psychological problems and higher disability than juvenile patients. Age should be considered in evaluation and treatment of TMJ OA patients to achieve better treatment results and understanding its pathophysiology.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 2021

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is a debilitating craniofacial pain syndrome that is characterized by paroxysms of intense, short-lived electric shock-like pains in the trigeminal nerve distribution. Recently, the presence of triggers has become one of the key diagnostic criteria in the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Light touch is the most common trigger, however other non-mechanical triggers, such as cold weather and certain foods, have been thought to provoke trigeminal neuralgia anecdotally. We aimed to characterize the prevalence and characteristics of these atypical triggers. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of atypical triggers in trigeminal neuralgia patients seen in a tertiary pain clinic in Singapore. Patients were recruited via clinic records, and study data were identified from physician documentation. Results: A total of 60 patients met the inclusion criteria. Weather triggers were observed in 12 patients (20%), of which five patients (8%) reported strong winds, 4 patients (7%) reported cold temperatures, and 3 patients (5%) reported cold winds as triggers. Fifteen patients (25%) had a specific food trigger, of which 10 patients (17%) reported hard or tough food, 5 patients (8%) reported hot/cold food, 4 patients (7%) reported spicy food, and 2 patients (3%) reported sweet food as triggers. Conclusions: Although trigeminal neuralgia is most commonly triggered by mechanical stimuli, atypical triggers such as cold temperatures and certain foods are seen in a significant proportion of patients. These atypical triggers may share a common pathway of sensory afferent Aδ fiber activation.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders and lumbar diseases in adults when the prevalence rate of osteoarthritis is increasing and to help develop health policies that can improve oral health and health in general. The study used representative data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey phase 3 (2012). In total, we analyzed the data of 3,017 individuals aged over 50 years who participated in the health-related survey and underwent radiography of the lumbar joints. PASW statistics ver. 18.0 was used for analysis. This study revealed the following results: 16.1% experienced at least one symptom of temporomandibular joint disorders within the recent single year, 20.6% experienced lower back pain in the recent three months, and 30.6% had lumbar osteoarthritis revealed using radiography of the lumbar joints. Symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders, lower back pain, and lumbar osteoarthritis were correlated with each other; the respondents who experienced symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders had 1.70 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30~2.22) higher prevalence of lower back pain and 1.20 times (95% CI, 0.86~1.68) higher prevalence of lumbar osteoarthritis than in those with no such difficulties. The results of this study confirmed that the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders affected lumbar diseases in adulthood. Therefore, adequate treatment and prevention of the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders in adults is expected to make crucial contributions to decreases in the prevalence rate of lumbar diseases and an improvement in the quality of life.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1907-1913
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• 2019

Background: The prevalence of neck pain and neck dysfunction is high in general population. However, there is little literature on the relationship and factors affecting neck pain and neck dysfunction. Objective: To investigate the correlation between neck and shoulder pain, headaches, neck and shoulder dysfunction, and sleep quality in adults with chronic neck pain, and factors affecting neck pain and neck dysfunction. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods : The sample included 114 subjects, who had complained of chronic neck pain for more 12 weeks. We conducted a Pearson's correlation between neck and shoulder pain, headaches, neck and shoulder dysfunction and sleep quality and a regression analysis of the related variables, thereby analyzing factors affecting neck pain and neck dysfunction. Results : In the present study, in adults with chronic neck pain, neck pain was positively correlated with the Neck Disability Index (NDI), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)-Pain score, and SPADI-Total score (p<.05). The NDI was positively correlated with neck pain, SPADI-Pain score, and SPADI-Total score, as well as with Pittsburgh Sleep Qulity Index(PSQI-K) (p<.05). Among the factors affecting neck pain, shoulder disability as assessed by the SPADI was a significantly associated with neck pain, while shoulder pain and shoulder disability determined by the SPADI were identified as significant variables among the factors affecting neck disability. Conclusion : These results indicated that as neck pain worsened, shoulder pain and neck and shoulder dysfunction also increased, which suggested that shoulder disability affected neck pain. In addition, as the neck dysfunction increased, neck pain and shoulder pain and shoulder dysfunction increased, and sleep quality deteriorated, which suggested that shoulder pain and shoulder disability affected neck disability.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.2 s.79
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• pp.223-233
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• 2000

An epidemiological investigation was carried out at Yongin, Kyungkido, South Korea to determine the prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and parafunctional habits in adolescent aged 16, 17 and 18 years. 2,098 students(male 507, female 1,591) were randomly selected and investigated with the questionnaire. The results were obtained as follows, 1. The prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders was $80.9\%$ total, $77.3\%$ for male and $82.0\%$ for female with significance between male and female(P<0.05). 2. The prevalence of symptoms of temporomandibular disorders was gradually increased according to increasing age with significant difference among ages(P<0.001) 3. The most frequent symptom in the temporomandibular disorders is pain on chewing($65.9\%$), and then clicking($50.7\%$), Pain on mouth opening($41.8\%$), and pain on TMJ($36.8\%$) 4. There was little corelationship between clenching habits and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders(r=0.166), and also between bruxing habits and those(r=0.057).

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.687-694
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• 2012

Objective: This study aims to survey the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(MSD) among Korean hospital workers and to analyze the relationship of MSD symptoms and workload perceived by workers. Background: Despite of high exposure to the MSD risk factors and high MSD symptom prevalence among health care workers, there were not enough studies of MSD prevalence among the hospital workers. Method: This study designed a survey based on Nordic questionnaire to obtain MSD symptoms and the degree of four perceived workloads: work repetition, urgency, physical exertion and satisfaction. In this survey, 1,846 workers in a hospital participated. The prevalence of MSD was analyzed for each body part, and MSD cases, which were predetermined in this study, were identified. The relationship between the MSD cases and each perceived workload was analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The pain in the shoulder was the most prevalent among the workers as 52%, and the low back(37%) and leg discomfort(36%) followed. The MSD cases, in which degree of pain was more than severe, were also the most prevalent in the shoulder(13%). Female workers had higher rate of MSD cases than the males. Among the four workload variables, the physical exertion was the statistically related to MSD cases for all the body parts. In addition, the others also had significant relation to MSD cases except one or two body parts. Conclusion: This study found that Korean hospital workers had MSD symptoms mainly in the shoulder, low back and legs in order, and the perceived workload surveyed in this study was highly correlated with MSD symptoms. Application: This study provides another evidence that subjective physical exertion perceived by workers is an important factor to explain MSD cases as same as the objective one.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors regarding work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in fruit-growers and offer the fundamental data for work improvement. The 587 fruit-growers (409 males and 178 females) working with 5 kinds of fruit: apple, pear, peach, grape, and mandarin participated in a questionnaire survey regarding MSDs and health condition in 2004 and 2005. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking rate was highest in apple growers. 2. Drinking rates were highest in male peach growers and in female grape growers. 3. Regular exercise rates were higher in pear and mandarin growers. 4. Physical and mental fatigue was higher in females than in males in most cases. 5. The prevalence rate of medically diagnosed diseases was highest for osteoarthritis (16.4%), herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP, 13.5%), and chronic gastritis/gastric ulcer (10.5%). As well as, the prevalence of dermatosis was higher in pear and mandarin growers. 6. The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal symptoms among the various pain areas was highest for lower back, shoulders, and knees. The prevalence rate was also high for lower back, shoulder, and knee pain in apple and grape growers. 7. The significant indexes used determining the musculoskeletal symptoms were BMI, working period, and regular exercise. These results can be practically used for work improvement for the fruit-growers to prevent MSDs.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the association of vocational interest and personality with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods: Four hundred and fourteen college students in Gyeonggi-do completed Vocational Preference Inventory L form and a questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by R program. Results: The percentage of subjects who responded that they had at least one contributing factor for TMD was significantly different among 27 two-letter Holland codes (p<0.05). The two-letter Holland codes of which the first-letter was social (S) (S artistic [A], S investigative [I], S realistic [R], S conventional [C], S enterprising [E]) or C (CE, CS, CA, CI) had tendency of having the relatively higher prevalence of symptoms and contributing factors for TMD. Among 6 one-letter Holland codes, the prevalence of a symptom of frequent fatigue in the jaw and a habit of gum chewing showed the significant difference (p<0.05). E code seemed to have lower prevalence of a symptom of frequent fatigue in the jaw than other codes. S code appeared to use chewing gum more frequently than other codes. High scorers on emotional instability showed the significantly higher prevalence of TMD symptoms (p<0.05) and contributing factors for TMD (p<0.001) than low scorers. Furthermore, high scorers on emotional instability had significantly higher mean scales of the number of positive answers of TMD symptoms (p<0.01) and of contributing factors for TMD (p<0.001) than low scorers. Conclusions: Symptoms and contributing factors for TMD were related to emotional instability. Vocational Preference Inventory L form might be utilized in assessing emotional factors of persons with TMD symptoms.