• 복식문화연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.755-764
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• 2013

This study intends to use the basic patterns in 3oz bodice and 2oz sleeve padded jackets made for women in their 20s to research the proper ease of 2oz bodice and 2oz sleeve, 4oz bodice and 3oz sleeve padded jackets. The study also proposes a method of designing padded jacket patterns according to padding thickness. The results of this study are as follows: The 2oz bodice and 2oz sleeve padded jackets had the following sizes. The front and back bust, waist, and hip circumferences were calculated as B/4+2.5cm and B/4+3cm, W/4+2.6+3.3(D)cm and W/4+1.5+2.6(D)cm, and H/4+2.8cm and H/4+3cm, respectively. The length of the jacket was 62.4cm, and the sleeve length was calculated as 63.4cm. For the 4oz bodice and 3oz sleeve padded jackets, the front and back bust, waist, and hip circumferences were calculated as B/4+4cm and B/4+4cm, W/4+4.1+3(D)cm and W/4+2.5+3.6(D)cm, and H/4+4.3cm and H/4+4cm, respectively. The length of the jacket was 63.2cm, and the sleeve length was calculated as 64.2cm. The results of this study showed that padded jackets with thicker padding need more ease. For jackets with stitches, the decreased lengths must be added in the pattern length. The 2oz bodice and 2oz sleeve, 4oz bodice and 3oz sleeve padded jackets all scored 4 points or higher in the movement functionality assessment, thus showing outstanding movement functionality.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.701-710
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• 2009

This study was conducted to develop excellent insole with good thermal insulation using new materials. We investigated that aerogel/fiber composite can be used as padding materials of shoes by comparing surface shape, moisture regain, water vapor permeability, thermal insulation and compression rate of insole materials tried with nonwoven fabric padding materials and insole sold in market. The results are as follows. Surface shapes were shown that the most appropriate material for sealing aerogel/fiber composite was high density fabric as per size of particle of aerogel. Moisture regain of aerogel/fabric composite was better than nonwoven fabric padding samples. However, when compared to insole sold in market, its moisture regain was worse than those of insole merchandises. Water vapor permeability was higher in material padded with nonwoven fabric than materials padded with aerogel/fiber composite in all three kinds of sealing fabrics. Thermal conductivity of aerogel/fabric composite was lower than nonwoven fabric material regardless of sealing fabrics. Thermal insulation of aerogel/fiber composite was higher than padding material of nonwoven fabric regardless of sealing fabrics. Compression rate of nonwoven (SP1) was higher than that of aerogel/fiber composite (SP2). Compressive elastic recovery rate of SP1 was also higher than that of SP2, which its compression rate and compressive elastic recovery rate were both poor. As the above result, ultra porous aerogel/fiber composite were proved to be material of good thermal insulation with lower thermal conductivity and also compression rate was proved to be low. Therefore, we can say that aerogel/fiber composite have high possibility to be used as insole materials for cold winter shoes requiring good thermal insulation protection.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.513-519
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• 2018

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 전송방식은 4G LTE (Long Term Evoluation)와 Wi-Fi와 같은 무선 통신 시스템에서 주파수 선택적 페이딩 환경을 극복할 수 있는 변조 방식으로 활용되고 있다. OFDM 심벌은 여러 개의 협대역 부반송파들로 이루어져 있어, OFDM 방식은 블록 단위 전송방식이라 할 수 있다. 즉, 마지막 OFDM 심벌까지 모두 채워서 프레임을 구성해야 한다. 따라서, 전송하고자 하는 정보량에 따라서 마지막 OFDM 심볼이 정보 비트들보다 OFDM 심볼을 채우기 위한 패딩 비트로 채워지는 경우가 있다. 이는 전송하고자 하는 데이터 양이 적은 경우에 심각한 스루풋 저하를 초래한다. 따라서 이와 같은 비효율성을 해결하기 위하여, DFT(Discrete Fourier Transform)의 성질을 이용한 효율적 패딩 기법을 제안하였다. 제안 방식에서는 마지막 OFDM 심볼에서 사용되는 데이터 부반송파의 개수에 따라서 OFDM 심볼의 길이를 조절한다. 그리고, 제안된 방식에 따른 성능 향상이 전송 방식 및 데이터 길이에 따라서 20%까지 될 수 있음을 수치적으로 확인하였다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.81-95
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the newtro fashion style and extract key descriptive terms for visual image evaluation based on the style. To achieve this, a literature review, case study, and survey were conducted. The results are as follows: 1) Newtro fashion exhibited a variety of styles depending on the items being considered. In particular, the windbreaker style is composed of windbreakers, sweatshirts, and training pants, the blazer style consists of blazers, sweatshirts, and denim pants, and the padding style is characterized by short padding, sweatshirts, and jogger pants. 2) A total of 28 terms were identified as vocabulary to represent the visual images of newtro fashion. Among these, 17 terms appeared with a frequency of 30 or more times across the three styles. Commonly used terms included 'emotional', 'desirable', 'empathetic', 'unique', 'moody', 'retro', 'sophisticated', 'stylish', 'vintage', 'confident', 'youthful', 'trendy', and 'modern'. 3) By examining terms with a frequency of 50 times or more, the visual images associated with each style were compared. For the windbreaker style, the newtro fashion image was predominantly described as 'desirable', 'youthful', 'modern', 'stylish', and 'emotional'. The blazer style was associated with 'retro', 'unconventional', 'stylish', 'trendy', 'empathetic', 'modern', 'intricate', and 'unique'. In the padding style, the newtro fashion image was characterized as 'youthful', 'intricate', 'cute', 'stylish', 'modern', 'unique', and 'confident'.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.727-746
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• 2018

The hash function RIPEMD-160 is a worldwide ISO/IEC standard and the hash function HAS-160 is the Korean hash standard and is widely used in Korea. On the basis of differential meet-in-the-middle attack and biclique technique, a preimage attack on 34-step RIPEMD-160 with message padding and a pseudo-preimage attack on 71-step HAS-160 without message padding are proposed. The former is the first preimage attack from the first step, the latter increases the best pseudo-preimage attack from the first step by 5 steps. Furthermore, we locate the linear spaces in another message words and exchange the bicliques construction process and the mask vector search process. A preimage attack on 35-step RIPEMD-160 and a preimage attack on 71-step HAS-160 are presented. Both of the attacks are from the intermediate step and satisfy the message padding. They improve the best preimage attacks from the intermediate step on step-reduced RIPEMD-160 and HAS-160 by 4 and 3 steps respectively. As far as we know, they are the best preimage and pseudo-preimage attacks on step-reduced RIPEMD-160 and HAS-160 respectively in terms of number of steps.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.517-526
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• 2015

Among the various image fusion or pan-sharpening methods, those wavelet-based methods provide superior radiometric quality. However, the fusion processing is not only simple but also flexible, since many low- and high-frequency sub-bands are often produced in the wavelet domain. To address this issue, a novel DT-CWT (Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform) proportional to the fusion method by a WZP (Wavelet Zero-Padding) is proposed. The proposed method produces a single high-frequency image in the spatial domain that is injected into the LRM (Low-Resolution Multispectral) image. Thus, a wavelet domain fusion can be simplified to spatial domain fusion. In addition, in the proposed DT-CWTP (DT-CWT Proportional) fusion method, it is unnecessary to decompose the LRM image by adopting WZP. The comparison indicates that the proposed fusion method is nearly five times faster than the DT-CWT with SW (Substitute-Wavelet) fusion method, meanwhile simultaneously maintaining the radiometric quality. The conducted experiments with WorldView-2 satellite images demonstrated promising results with the computation efficiency and fused image quality.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1042-1046
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 ZP-OFDM(Zero Padding-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 시스템에서의 심볼 타이밍 옵셋의 문제를 분석하고, 이러한 심볼 타이밍 옵셋 문제를 극복하기 위해 양방향 중첩-가산 기법을 사용하는 ZP-OFDM 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 ZP-OFDM 시스템은 부정확한 심볼 타이밍 동기로 인해 심각한 심볼 타이밍 옵셋이 발생하더라도 이전 ZP-OFDM 심볼과 현재 ZP-OFDM 심볼의 ZP 간격을 모두 사용하는 양방향 중첩-가산 기법을 통해 부반송파간의 직교성을 유지할 수 있으며 다른 ZP-OFDM 심볼로부터의 간섭을 줄일 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 제안한 ZP-OFDM 시스템이 기존의 ZP-OFDM 시스템 보다 우수함을 증명한다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.44-53
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• 1991

The proper feeding conditions for thin Al-Alloy (AA336, JIS AC8A) castings in permanent mold were investigated to eliminate microshrinkage porosity. 5mm-thick plates (200mm long, 60mm wide) were cast with increasing padding taper from 0 to 5% under different conditions : (1) constant mold temperature of $350^{\circ}C$, (2) continuous production with uniform mold thickness (10mm), (3) continuous production with a negative taper of 2.5% in mold thickness (thickness decreasing in direction to riser). The test casting were machined off to the midplane and the shrinkage porosity was examined visually. The critical padding taper which can just eliminate the shrinkage porosity was determined for each condition, i.e. : (1) 4.5% at the constant mold temperature, (2) 3.5% for continuous production with the uniform mold thickness (3) 1.5% for continuous production with the taper in mold thickness. A computer simulation by a finite difference analysis program was applied to the test casting. The liquid fraction gradient (LFG) and the temperature gradient divided by the square root of the cooling rate (G /SR) were calculated at the end of solidification and compared with the shrinkage porosity area in the castings. For the case of constant mold temperature, LFG is a better parameter to predict shrinkage porosity than G /SR and its critical value is around 11%/cm. But for the case of continuous production, neither LFG nor G /SR could be a reliable parameter. The experimental results about the critical padding taper are of practical interest for designing permanent molds and castings. The computer simulation results stimulate further research to be directed on the prediction of centerline microshrinkage porosity in continuous production.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권6A호
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• pp.659-665
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• 2008

상향링크 OFDMA 시스템에서 빈번한 레인징 동작이 이루어지지 않는 경우 기지국과 단말의 타이밍 동기가 유지되지 않을 수 있다. 특히 크기가 큰 셀에서 간헐적인 랜덤 액세스를 하는 경우 무시할 수 없는 타이밍 오차가 발생하여 OFDMA 신호의 직교성이 깨짐으로 인한 성능 열화가 발생할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 랜덤 액세스를 할 때 일반적인 OFDMA 심벌보다 짧은 길이의 OFDMA 심벌을 생성하여 전송함으로써 타이밍 오차가 발생하더라도 OFDMA의 직교성이 유지될 수 있는 새로운 랜덤 액세스 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 상향링크 OFDMA 심벌을 형성할 때 zero-padding 구간을 삽입함으로써 타이밍 오차에 대해 강건하도록 한다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1036-1044
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• 2008

This research from analyzing dyed silk fabrics treated with persimmon juice by padding concludes as follows : The add on is increased as the number of padding increase and the color of the dyed fabrics holds red-yellow colors which has low brightness and high chromatic colors. The fabrics dyed with persimmon juice have properties such as 2nd grade of light fastness, 4~5th grade of perspiration fastness and rubbing fastness, and 3~4th grade of washing fastness. The dyed fabrics exposed to UV light have deeper yellow-red color than things exposed to sunlight. The silk fabrics treated premordants have shown strong yellow colors, especially the fabrics added Fe mordant have shown greenish red-yellow colors. As the padding times of dyeing with persimmon juice are increased, strength and water-repellent property are enhanced along warp and weft direction respectively but anti-crease property is decreased. Also, the dyed fabrics have good antibacterial activity and deodorization.