• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1078-1084
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• 2002

The formation temperature for the perovskite lead zirconate titanate [Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, PZT] derived from sol-gel route was lowered by more than $100^{\circ}C$ with the addition of crystallographically suitable seed particles, such as barium titanat e (BT) or PZT. We investigated the effect of seeding on the crystallization of perovskite phase and in the microstructure of the sol-gel derived PZT powder by varying the concentration, size and chemical species of seed particles. The phase transition as a function of temperature was monitored by DTA, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, and the interface between the seed particle and grown PZT layer was analyzed by SEM and high resolution TEM techniques. It was found that both the heterogeneous and homogeneous nucleation contributes competitively in the formation of perovskite PZT grains.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.94-97
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• 2018

Lead zirconate titanate/poly-vinylidene fluoride (PZT/PVDF) piezoelectric devices were fabricated by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs), for use as flexible energy harvesting devices. CNTs were added to maximize the formation of the ${\beta}$ phase of PVDF to enhance the piezoelectricity of the devices. The phase transition of PVDF induced by the addition of CNTs was confirmed by analyzing the X-ray diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopy images, and atomic force microscopy images. The enhanced output efficiency of the PZT/PVDF piezoelectric devices was confirmed by measuring the output current and voltage of the fabricated devices. The maximum output current and voltage of the PZT/PVDF piezoelectric devices was 200 nA and 350 mV, respectively, upon incorporation of 0.06 wt% CNTs.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.07a
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• pp.802-805
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• 1988

The objective of the present study was to manufacture the piezoelectric composites of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) - polymer for applications such as ultrasonic medical diagnosis and hydrophone. The PZT rod-polymer composites have been prepared with 4.5 to 57 volume percent PZT using 1.5 mm rod, so the connectivity pattern of the two phase is 1-3 type. The electromechanical coupling factors of radial mode ($k_{p}$) and thickness mode ($k_{t}$) were nearly independent of the volume percent PZT, which were 0.3 and 0.65, respectively. The acoustic impedance of the piezoelectric composites was measured by the resonance technique in the frequency range 50 KHz-1.5 MHz, which was in the range of 3.8 - 60 Mrayl.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.943-952
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• 1991

Lead zirconate titanate(PZT) powders and thin films were prepared from an alkoxide-based solution by sol-gel method. Gelation of synthesized complex solutions, pyrolysis and crystallization behaviors of the dried powder were studied in accordance with a water content and a catalyst. PZT thin films were formed by spin-casting method on silicon and platinum substrates, and characterized. Ester produced from the reactions was completely removed when drying of the gel was finished. Pyrolysis property of the dried PZT gels were changed in order water content, class of catalyst, and quantity of catalyst. Crystalline Pb phase was transiently formed near 250$^{\circ}C$. Basic catalyst is good additive for a formation of perovskite phase in the films, and acidic catalyst for a densified film structure. By the analysis of RBS, Pb element in the PZT films were diffused into silicon substrate, and the pores, may be produced due to local densification around some grains in the films, make an origin of fault in microstructure when holding time goes to be longer at 700$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.378-383
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• 1998

Microstructure and additive effect of Lead Zirconate-Titanate(PZT) ceramics prepared by molten salt synthesis method with additives $Nb_2O_5, Fe_2O_3$ and MnO were investigated.The grain PZT ceramics ws decreased with the increase $Nb^{5+} or Fe^{3+}$ while increased with the increase $Mn^{2+}$ addition. The relative resistivity of PZT ceramics was increased with the increase $Mn^{5+}$ addition, while decreased with the increase $Mn^{2+}$ addition. And the dielectric and the piezoelectric constant of PZT ceramics showed 2,100 and 342pC/N at $Mn^{5+}$ addition of 0.75 mol%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.82.2-82.2
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• 2012

캐패시터, 액추에이터와 같이 MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) 구조를 갖는 디바이스는 높은 소결온도를 갖는 세라믹 유전체/압전체와 고온 내산화성이 낮은 금속 전극의 적층 형태로 인하여 동시 열처리 공정에 있어서 많은 제약이 따른다. 본 연구에서는 소결온도를 대폭 낮춘 저온 소결용 PZT 압전체 테이프를 니켈 금속 포일에 적층하여 동시 열처리를 통하여 소결을 시도하였다. 동시 열처리된 MIM 디바이스의 세라믹과 금속 전극 계면의 미세구조 및 성분 분석을 통하여 계면 반응 기구를 확인하였고, 계면 반응층이 디바이스의 특성에 미치는 영향에 대한 정량적 분석을 수행하였다. 또한 열처리 시간에 따른 계면 반응층의 변화를 관찰하고 반응층의 변화가 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 니켈 이외에 니켈 합금인 INCONEL 718과 PZT 세라믹과의 동시 소성을 시도하여 니켈, INCONEL 두 금속 기판과 PZT 사이에 생성되는 계면 반응층의 미세구조와 특성의 차이점을 비교하였고 디바이스로서 사용하기 위한 적합성 여부를 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.44 no.5 s.300
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• pp.141-143
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• 2007

Nanotubes and microtubes of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) were synthesized by means of a simple and convenient process called a template-wetting process. Nanoporous alumina and macroporous Si were used as template materials to fabricate the corresponding tubes. For the improvement of the wetting properties of the wetting solution, the PZT solution was mixed with a polymer. The polymer was removed completely during annealing. The grain growth processes of the PZT nanotubes during baking and furnace annealing were examined by means of field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.313-316
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• 2003

The lead zirconate titanate, $Pb(Zr_{0:52}Ti_{0:48})O_3$, films of $0.5\;{\mu}m,\;1\;{\mu}m$ and $2\;{\mu}m$ thickness were fabricated on $Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si$ substrate by the rf magnetron sputtering method. The PZT films were annealed using by a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) method. The thickness dependence of the film structure, dielectric properties, Polarization-electric field hysteresis loops and capacitance-voltage characteristics were investigated over the thickness range of $0.5\;{\mu}m,\;1\;{\mu}m$ and $2\;{\mu}m$. According to the XRD patterns of the films, (110) peak intensity increases with film thickness increased. The increase of PZT films thickness leads to the decrease of the remanent polarization and the dielectric constant.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.556-560
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• 1995

The absorption properties of Cu-Zn ferrite/rubber composite microwave absorbers with PZT(Lead Zirconate Titanate) additive were evaluated. The composite specimens have prepared by molding and curing the mixture of matrix rubber and Cu-Zn ferrite powders which are synthesized by the coprecipitation method using Fe Cl/sub 3/ .center dot. 6H/sub 2/O, CuCl/sub 2/ .center dot. 2H/sub 2/O and Zn Cl/sub 2/ as a starting raw materials. PZT is used as another filler particles to adjust the material constants of Cu-Zn ferrite/rubber composite specimens. We have found that the material constants of specimens could be controlled by various PZT mixing ratio. On the Cu-Zn ferrite/rubber composite specimens with PZT 10[wt%] additive, the reflection losses were larger than 30[dB] in the frequency range from 2.72 to 4.4[GHz]' by adjusing the thickness.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.34-34
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• 2003

Piezoelectric or magnetostrictive materials, known as smart materials, have been researched widely for sensors or actuators in micro system technology. In our research, thick sol-gel lead zirconate titanate(Pb(Zr$\sub$1-x/Ti$\sub$x/)O$_3$) films were fabricated and their characteristics were investigated f3r angular rate sensor applications. The thickness of the PZT films is 1.5${\mu}$m, which is required by a vibration angular rate sensor for a good actuation and sensing. The remnant polarization of the PZT flms is 12.0 ${\mu}$C/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The electromechanical constants of PZT thin film showed the value of susceptance(B) of 4800${\mu}$ s at capacitance of 790pF. The PZT films were applied to the vibration angular rate sensor structure and the vibration of 1.78 ${\mu}$m in amplitude at the resonant frequency of 35.8㎑ was obtained by driving voltage of 5V$\sub$p-p/ of bulk piezoelectric materials with out of phase signal through voltage and inverting amplifier.