• 한국조경학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.12-22
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to identify demand and methods of projection, including to prove the variables affecting the fluctuation of visitors and to analyze the relationship between these variables in National Park. Statistical analysis method (Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, ANOVA, and Model diagnostics) was carried out by computer program SAS/pc. 13 variables (1. Total Population, 2. Per Capita PDI, 3. Employment Ratio of S.O.C. & others, 4. NO. of Passenger Car, 5. Length of Roads, 6. Leisure Expenditure of Farm Household, 7. Leisure Expenditure of Urban Household, 8. Price Index, 9. NO. of Bus, 10. Exchange on Dollars, 11. Export, 12. Import, and 13. Visitors in National Park) had been used to this study. The scope of time period is during the last 17 years (1970-1986). The results were as follows; 1) Participation depends only on the specific characteristics of the economic factors (Price Index and Leisure Expenditure of Urban Household). These factors are the importance factors directly affecting the participation of visitors. The statistical Model for projecting the visitors in National Parks is the function of "Visitors in National Parks (thousand)=14915+0.210311*Leisure Expenditure of Urband Household (won)-157.835619*Price Index(1985=100)" 2) The external factors affecting the participation depends upon the interelated features of availability and accessibility (NO. of Passenger Car, Length of Roads, and NO. of Bus) of recreation resources or sites, and the economic factors (Per Capita PDI, Export, and Import). These factors are the factors indirectly affecting the participation of visitors. 3) The participation depends on the specific characteristics of demographic factors (Total Population and Employment Ratio of S.O.C. & others). These factors are the factors indirectly affecting the participation of visitors. 4) The unexpected fluctuation of yearly visitors depends on oil shock or inflation (1971, 1973-1974, 1979-1980), promulgation of national emergency decrees (1971-1972, 1974-1975, 1979-1980), and national events (assassination of president Park's wife, Madame Yuk in 1974 and president Park I 1979).

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.121-134
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• 2015

Spatial and temporal changes in algal population in Yongdam reservoir and ecological factors that induced the changes in the size and composition of algal population were investigated by monthly sampling at ten locations in the reservoir. Nutritional state of the reservoir was identified to be phosphorus-limited with nitrogen to phosphorus (N : P) ratio much greater than 17 in most samples. Algal population was dominated by three taxonomic groups, diatoms, chlorophytes and cyanobacteria. Although explosive algal growth was not observed in the summer, algal population showed transition with time of the dominant algal type from diatoms in the winter to cyanobacteria in the summer. Chlorophyta was not the dominant group in the reservoir although they maintained relatively stable number of cells in the reservoir and showed increase in population from March to May. The application of statistical methods revealed that the factors inducing changes in cell number of each group were water temperature for diatoms and cyanobacteria and phosphorus concentration for chlorophyte. Fluctuation of cyanobacterial population was mainly observed near the inlet of tributaries while diatoms showed higher variation inside the reservoir.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2005

The seasonal occurrence and influence of abiotic factors viz., maximum and minimum temperature, maximum and minimum humidity and rainfall on population fluctuation of aleyrodid, Dialeuropora decempuncta on a evolved mulberry (Morus alba L.) variety known to be susceptible to aleyrodid infestation was assessed during the period from 1999 - 2001 in twenty-five villages under nine blocks of Malda district of West Bengal. The results indicate that the aleyrodid population is practically very low or absent during January to June and thereafter increases gradually. The increase in population of various stages of aleyrodid is significantly correlated with increase in previous 7 days of average maximum relative humidity.

• 환경생물
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.337-341
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• 2003

Habitat heterogeneity can enhance biological diversity by providing variation in structural diversity. This paper reviewed heterogeneous habitat serves as a population stability and superior demographic performance (e.g., high density, survivorship, reproductive rate) can be observed compared with organisms with inferior demographic performance. The idea of habitat variation has been further developed in modelling. Furthermore the size and configuration (distribution) of a patch (of a particular habitat type) become effective for the stability of population through hiding places and food resources. Species diversity is related to habitat complexity that provides structural diversity to ground -dwelling organisms. Finally coarse woody debris can enhance habitat complexity thus stabilizing population fluctuation and increasing survivorship.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.251-258
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• 1997

Few attempts have been made to discover the ecological function of coarse woody debris (CWD) despite its importance to small mammal population. Twenty-five pitfall traps and a hundred live traps were placed in three sites with high amounts of CWD and three sites with low amounts of CWD. Eleven species were caught, and Peromyscus maniculatus was the most abundant (45.6%, n=605). Among 11 speices, abundance of Tamias townsendii and Clethronomys gapperi were higher in sites with high amounts of CWD than in sites with low amounts of CWD. Home range size was larger in breeding season than in non-breeding season indicating mating search. Resident time of Peromyscus maniculatus was longer in sites with high amounts of CWD implying better stability in population. The increasing amount of coarse woody debris (CWD) enhanced the habitat use by small mammals, and animals in high amounts of CWD were more abundant and stable in population fluctuation. This study, therefore, concludes that CWD is a critical habitat element for small mammals in forest ecosystem.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.291-294
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of microbial flora of using coal fly ash as humidity conditioner during the household garbage composting.The summarized results of microbial flora were as follows:There was no difference of t he seasonal fluctuation of mesophilic and themophilic microorganisms.The population of thermophilic actinomycetes was rapidly increased in winter,but not much changed in spring and summer.Thermophilic and mesophilic fungal flora were increased at the same time,but the population of thermophilic fungal flora was smaller than that of mesophilic. The population of bacteria, actinomycestes and fungi showed not much difference.

• 천문학논총
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.363-365
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• 2012

We report a search for fluctuations of the sky brightness toward the North Ecliptic Pole with AKARI, at 2.4, 3.2, and $4.1{\mu}m$. The stacked images with a diameter of 10 arcminutes of the AKARI-Monitor Field show a spatial structure on the scale of a few hundred arcseconds. A power spectrum analysis shows that there is a significant excess fluctuation at angular scales larger than 100 arcseconds that cannot be explained by zodiacal light, diffuse Galactic light, shot noise of faint galaxies, or clustering of low-redshift galaxies. These findings indicate that the detected fluctuation could be attributed to the first stars of the universe, i.e., Population III stars.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.279-284
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• 1993

우리나라 녹차 주요 재배지에서 발생하는 차애모무늬입말이나방(Adoxophyes sp.)의 발생소장과 생활사를조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. Field-cage 조건하에서 년 4~5세대 발생하였고, 난에서 우화까지 평균기간은 봄, 가을에는 43.7일, 여름에는 35.2일이었으며, 성충수명은 봄.가을에 7.0일, 여름에는 6.3일, 괴수와 난립수는 봄, 가을에 1.8개, 40.4개, 여름에는 2.3개, 49.5개였다. 유아등고 성페로몬 trap에 의한 조사결과 성충발생은 5월 초순부터 나타나기 시작하였으며, 발생최성기는 유아등과 성페로몬 trap 모두 5월 하순, 6월 하순, 8월 중순, 9월 하순등 4회로, 성페로몬 trap에 유인되는 성충수가 유아등보다 2배 이상 많았으며 유인되는 시기도 약간 빨랐다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

Data for fish species composition and the catch of fish species were obtained from the daily trading records for the period between April and December 2016 to 2018 at the set net fishing grounds in Yeosu Bay, Korea. The annual mean total catch was 195.8 tons, and the dominant species was the Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius), which accounts for about 55 percent of the total catch. The catch increased in spring and autumn. Increase in spring is caused by not Spanish mackerel but other fish while the increase in autumn by Spanish mackerel. The distinct increase of the catch in summer, 2017 was due to the new recruitment of small-sized Spanish mackerel, which was probably to be from the fish population hatched in spring in the East China Sea. Our results showed a strong correlation between water temperature and catch fluctuation. The catch increases with the increase in water temperatures, and the periodic pattern of the water temperature and catch fluctuation is more consistent in the offshore waters, in which warm current flows, than in the coast waters.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 1998

유자(Citrus junos T.) 과원의 주요 해충의 귤응애(Panonychus ？갸 M.)의 발생소장, 온도별 발육기간, 산란수, 부화율 및 유자유목의 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 1996년부터 1997년까지 2년간 조사한 결과, 귤응애는 5월부터 11 월까지는 발생하였는데 년 2회의 발생최성기를 이루었다. 1차 발생최성기는 7~8월이고, 2차발생최성기는 10월이었다. 2차 발생최성기에는 잎당밀도 9.5마리로 연중 최대발생량을 보였다. 유자 잎에서 귤응애의 각 태별 구성비는 난, 약충, 성충이 각각 85, 9, 6%로 난의 비율이 월등히 높았다. 15, 20, 25, $\pm$1$^{\circ}C$(RH 60 $30\pm$10%, 14L-10D)의 항온조건에서 난부터 성충까지 발육기간은 각각 41.1, 15.5, 11.0, 9.4일이고 성충수명은 23.3, 8.3, 6.3, 6.1일로 온도가 높을수록 발육기간과 성충수명은 짧아지는 경향이고 부화율은 $30^{\circ}C$에서 94.7%로 가장 높았다. 일평균 산ㄹ나수는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 4.5개로 가장 많았다. 또, 귤응애 방제밀도에 따른 유자유목의 생육상황은 방제밀도가 낮을수록 간주 및 수관용적 증가량이 많았고 엽록소함량도 많았다. 월동후 낙엽율은 1, 3, 6마리/잎, 무방제에서 각각 13.5, 20.6, 53.1, 72.6%로 잎당 성충밀도 3마리 이하에 방제하는 것이 낙엽율이 낮았다.